In this research work the multiferroic nature of nanocrystalline lithium niobate (NLN) was investigated. The NLN samples were prepared by mechanochemical alloying followed by calcination; after that, the samples were annealed in Ar-5% H atmosphere in order to generate oxygen vacancies in the surface of the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum showed the formation of a single crystalline phase of LN with an average size of 25 nm. This was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Ferroelectric hysteresis loop measurements showed a maximum polarization of P_s = 0.21 μC/mm², remnant polarization P_r = 0.11 μC/mm² and coercive field E_c = 5.1 kV/cm. Ferromagnetic measurements showed a magnetic remanence of M_r = 0.35 × 10⁻³emu/g and a coercive field of H_C = 0.75 kOe. Thus, confirming the multiferroic nature of nanometer-scale particles of LN.

The dressings are materials that can improve the wound-healing process in patients with medical issues. Polymeric films are frequently used as dressings with multiple biological properties. Chitosan and gelatin are the most used polymers in tissue regeneration processes. There are usually several configurations of films for dressings, among which the composite (mixture of two or more materials) and layered ones stand out (layers). This study analyzed the antibacterial, degradable, and biocompatible properties of chitosan and gelatin films in 2 configurations, composite and bilayer, composite. In addition, a silver coating was added to enhance the antibacterial properties of both configurations. After the study, it was found that the bilayer films have a higher antibacterial activity than the composite films, having inhibition halos between 23% and 78% in Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the bilayer films increased the fibroblast cell proliferation process, reaching up to 192% cell viability after 48 h of incubation. On the other hand, composite films have greater stability since they are thicker, with 276 µm, 243.8 µm, and 239 µm compared to 236 µm, 233 µm, and 219 µm thick for bilayer films; and a low degradation rate compared to bilayer films.