To evaluate the prevalence of dental agenesis and its possible association with other developmental dental anomalies and systemic entities. Descriptive transversal study, for which 1518 clinical records, of patients visited by the Odontological Service of the Primary Health Centre of Cassà de la Selva (Girona-Spain) between December 2002 and February 2006 were reviewed. The data were recorded in relation to the oral and dental anomalies and the associated systemic entities, between the ones referred as concomitant in literature. Values of 9.48% (7.25% excluding the third molars) for dental agenesis and 0.39% for oligodontia were obtained. The presence of dental agenesis concomitant with some other forms of oral and dental anomalies was observed. Attention must be drawn to the fact that a greater number of concomitant systemic entities were observed in those patients that presented a severe phenotypical pattern of dental agenesis. The results of the present study do not differ from the ones reported in studies of similar characteristics among Occidental and Spanish populations. The relationship observed between certain systemic entities and developmental dental anomalies suggest a possible common genetic etiology.

Objectives: In the present study, it is described the phenotypical analysis and the mutational screening, for genes PAX9 and MSX1, of six families affected by severe forms of tooth agenesis associated with other dental anomalies and systemic entities. Study Design: Six families affected by severe tooth agenesis associated with other dental anomalies and systemic entities were included. Oral exploration, radiological examination, medical antecedents consideration and mutational screening for PAX9 and MSX1 were carried out. Results: No mutations were discovered despite the fact that numerous teeth were missing. An important phenotypical variability was observed within the probands, not being possible to establish a parallelism with the patterns associated to previously described PAX9 and MSX1 mutations. Conclusions: These results bring us to conclude that probably other genes can determine phenotypical patterns of dental agenesis in the families studied, different than the ones described in the mutations of PAX9 and MSX1. Moreover, epigenetic factors can be involved, as those that can reduce gene dosage and other post-transcriptional modulation agents, causing dental agenesis associated or not with systemic anomalies.

Oral rehabilitation with dental implants has resulted in high success rates. However, some complications have been described, such as the loss of the prosthetic screw. Some manufacturers sell screws with different coatings to avoid screw loosening, but even these types of screws can come loose. We aimed to investigate the screw coatings that can be applied during a dental appointment to avoid screw loosening. Following PRISMA Guidelines, we searched PubMed/Medline, Embase and Web of Science for studies published up to January 2024. All studies of single dental implant crowns, in which the prosthetic screw was coated with a lubricant and the preload and/or the removal torque value (RTV) was recorded, were analyzed. We excluded studies applying the finite element method (FEM) as well as studies without a control group. The risk of bias was assessed with a tool developed by our research group. Of the 1959 records identified, 19 were selected. Ten studies were considered to have a low risk of bias, and nine were considered to have a medium risk of bias. The coatings tested were adhesives, saliva, chlorhexidine, Vaseline, silicone gel, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape, blood, fluoride, Listerine^® Mouthwash and normal saline. The preload, the RTV with and without cyclic loading and the percentage of RTV loss were recorded. Some coatings show promise, although there is no clear evidence that any option is superior in minimizing screw loosening.

Turner Syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects females when one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing. Due to high genetic and phenotypic variability, TS diagnosis is challenging and is often delayed until adolescence, resulting in poor clinical management. Numerous oral, dental and craniofacial anomalies have been associated with TS, yet a comprehensive description is still lacking. This study addresses this gap through a detailed analysis of oral health and craniofacial characteristics in a cohort of 15 females with TS and their first-degree relatives. Subjects with TS ranged from 3 to 48 years old, none showed evidence of periodontal disease and only the youngest was in mixed dentition. Using the Multifunction System, we identified an aggregation of multiple signs and symptoms in each TS subject, including tooth anomalies (supernumerary molars, agenesis, microdontia, enamel defects, alterations in eruption patterns -advanced and delayed for chronological age-, crowding, rotations and transpositions), malocclusion (class II/1 and II/2) and Class II facial profile, while relatives exhibited fewer manifestations. The early detection of these signs and symptoms is crucial for appropriate referral and the optimal clinical management of TS, especially during the critical period of 9 to 10 years when congenital dental anomalies appear. The use of an established taxonomy to describe these phenotypic features is essential for early detection. Multidisciplinary teams are required to ensure holistic care management in rare diseases like TS.

Two cases of calcified bone and dental tissue integration with titanium implants are presented, along with a review of the literature on their experimental and clinical implications. First, histological analyses of a titanium implant extracted from a patient with iimplant disease revealed the integration of both dental and bone tissue on the implant’s surface. Secondly, a biocompatibility study in an animal model documented two implants in contact with tooth roots. Samples from both animal and human models demonstrated simultaneous osseointegration and dental tissue neoformation, with the latter attributed to the activity of cementoblasts. The literature review confirms the formation of cementum around dental implants in contact with teeth. Certain clinical reports have proposed the insertion of implants into bone sites containing impacted teeth as a conservative treatment alternative, avoiding the need for tooth extraction surgery and demonstrating the successful integration of teeth, bone, and dental implants. Furthermore, the documented natural formation of periodontal tissues around dental implants provided a foundation for tissue engineering studies aimed at realizing implant–bone relationships similar to those of natural bone–tooth structures. The primary challenges remain the long-term preservation of periodontal-like tissue formed on implants and the imparting of functional proprioceptive properties.