The continuous development of biomedical materials necessitates exploring new solutions to enhance implant performance. This study investigates the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on calcium phosphate coatings applied to VT1-0 titanium substrates using micro-arc oxidation. Titanium, widely recognized for its excellent mechanical properties and compatibility, serves as an ideal substrate for implants. The coatings were synthesized in an electrolyte with varying titanium dioxide concentrations to examine their influence on surface morphology, wettability, roughness, hardness, and tribological characteristics. Characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and profilometry, were employed to analyze the coatings’ structural and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that increasing titanium dioxide concentrations leads to enhanced uniformity, reduced pore sizes, and higher hardness. Furthermore, the coatings showed improved wear resistance and reductions in friction coefficients at optimal nanoparticle levels. The inclusion of titanium dioxide significantly enhances the mechanical and tribological performance of the calcium phosphate coatings, making them suitable for biomedical applications, especially in implants requiring long-term durability and enhanced compatibility.

This work is a study aimed at optimizing the process of superarc metallization, with a focus on the effect of stress on the properties of the spraying coatings. In this work, 30HGSA grade steel wire was used for the coating of 45 steel, widely used in mechanical engineering. The use of supersonic...

This study examined the effect of electrolytic plasma hardening (EPH) on the properties of 45-grade steel, which can serve as an alternative to traditional heat treatment methods used before the release of finished products. The results of the experiments showed that the mechanical and operational properties of 45-grade steel significantly improved after the application of EPH. Steel 45, widely used in mechanical engineering and agricultural machinery production due to its strength characteristics and durability, demonstrated a significant increase in performance after treatment. It was observed that the properties of 45- grade steel improved considerably after applying electrolytic plasma hardening methods, with the hardness of the samples increasing by 3.1-3.62 times, and wear resistance improving by 7 times. Moreover, the study highlighted the economic efficiency of the proposed treatment method, showing that the introduction of EPH can lead to a significant reduction in material costs, extended product life, and improved environmental performance by reducing energy consumption and emissions. The use of a non-toxic 20% sodium carbonate solution in EPH contributed to the uniform distribution of electric current in the cell and allowed for achieving optimal cooling rates of the sample.

This study investigates the effects of electron beam irradiation on the mechanical and tribological properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), with particular focus on modifications resulting from the application of Litol-24 lubricant. Samples of pre-treated PEEK were irradiated at doses of 100,...

The present study investigates the effect of low-temperature ion plasma nitriding on the phase composition, microstructure, tribological behavior, and corrosion resistance of 30Cr13 martensitic stainless steel. Plasma nitriding was carried out at temperatures of 400, 450, and 480 °C in a dissociated ammonia atmosphere using a pulsed DC glow discharge. The phase composition and structural evolution of the surface layer were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, while the morphology and thickness of the modified zone were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The tribological properties were evaluated under dry sliding conditions using a ball-on-disk configuration, and corrosion resistance was assessed by potentiodynamic polarization in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. It was established that low-temperature ion plasma nitriding leads to the formation of nitrogen supersaturated martensite (α′N) and the nitride phase ε-(Fe_2–3)N, with their relative fraction governed by the treatment temperature. An increase in the nitriding temperature resulted in a rise in the surface’s microhardness up to 1100–1150 HV and a change in the thickness of the modified layer, reflecting nitrogen redistribution between the solid solution and nitride constituents. The predominance of the α′N phase at 400–450 °C ensured the most stable tribological behavior and reduced corrosion rate, whereas an increased fraction of ε-(Fe_2–3)N at 480 °C led to a higher microhardness and a greater abrasive wear component while maintaining satisfactory corrosion resistance. The obtained results confirm the decisive role of phase composition in the nitrided layer in determining the tribological and corrosion performance of 30Cr13 steel, and may be used for optimizing the surface hardening parameters of components operating under combined friction and corrosive environments.

Wear of crushing and grinding equipment components causes frequent maintenance and downtime; therefore, effective repair hardfacing routes are required to extend service life. This study investigates plasma transferred arc (PTA) surfacing of 35L cast steel using a high-chromium Fe–Cr–C powder (PG-S27) and clarifies how the welding current (40–120 A) governs layer geometry, microstructure, phase constitution, hardness, and dry-sliding tribological behavior. All deposits exhibited a dendritic–eutectic structure; increasing current led to dendrite coarsening, wider interdendritic regions, and deeper penetration/dilution. X-ray diffraction indicated an α-Fe matrix with chromium carbide phases (Cr₇C₃/Cr₂₃C₆), while the carbide-related signal decreased with higher current, consistent with enhanced dilution. The coatings showed a strong hardening effect compared with the substrate (~190 HV), reaching ~625–650 HV at 40–80 A and decreasing to ~556–589 HV at 100–120 A. In dry ball-on-flat sliding, the steady-state friction coefficient was nearly unchanged (μ ≈ 0.50–0.55) across all regimes; however, wear resistance depended strongly on current: the lowest wear was achieved at low-to-moderate currents (40–80 A), whereas higher currents (100–120 A) resulted in substantially increased material loss, approaching the substrate level. These results identify 40–80 A as the most favorable current window for obtaining wear-resistant PTA layers from PG-S27 on 35L steel.