The present study investigated how stretching exercises (Static, Dynamic and Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)) along with Caflam (diclofenac potassium) affect the flexibility of female athletes at Punjab University Level. It is a controlled experiment with (n=40) female athletes, aged 18-24 years, divided into two groups intervention (N=30) and control group (N=10) randomly. Stretching exercises were conducted through 6 weeks divided into two sessions that consisted of both static and dynamic exercises in each session. Flexibility was measured with sit and reach test in pre and post evaluation sessions. The study purpose was to identify the effect of stretching exercises on flexibility of female athletes (N=40) by using different stretching exercises techniques (static and dynamic stretching exercises) on female athletes. Paired sample t-test used and found that it showed highly significant results using “Statistical Package for Social Sciences” (SPSS) V.22 utilized. The effect size was also calculated through Cohans’D which was 1.41. The subjects were followed for 4 months to check the recurrence rate of the control & intervention groups and found that 19% having injuries of lower extremity (control group) and 11% having after post-exercise evaluation (intervention group).

In the present study an attempt has been made to figure out the remarkable factors that were responsible for higher body mass index (BMI) and obesity as well as to observe the existing trends of BMI in Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The factors were age, sex, diabetes, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose and random glucose. The statistical analysis with both classical and Bayesian methodologies was carried out for the investigation of significant risk factors. The results showed that with the increase in age the BMI also increases i.e., respondents of age group > 60 have the highest percentage of 82.76% for BMI. Moreover, it was found that except sex and blood pressure all other factors had significant association with BMI. Additionally, four factors namely, age, diabetes, total cholesterol and triglycerides were selected for the development of the parsimonious model of BMI based on generalized linear model, step wise regression and Bayesian model averaging.

In a current cross-sectional experimental study, it was observed that the impact of diet and exercise on healthy life adherence in mature diabetes cases and their influence on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, average glucose) The diabetic patients (male and female) were anatomized in relation to adherence and suggested a diet with exercise plans that control the adverse effect of producing less insulin. A sample of 30 subjects, 30–50 years old, were selected randomly from 3 major hospitals (Jinnah, Mayo, and Services) and some private laboratories. A group of normal control subjects (N = 10) was also selected for further comparison. The HbA1c test has been taken before and after the implementation of the 12-week diet and exercise plan. This study utilized a simple random sampling technique, and normality was checked through the Shapiro-Wilk test. The data was analyzed through SPSS-22, and a paired sample t-test was utilized for further comparison. The lower HbA1c values indicate a better diabetes operation. These results clearly depicted that it controlled the worse effects of sugar patients, which also emphasizes the significance of adherence in achieving optimal glycaemic control. The result also concluded that a balanced diet and a combination of exercises control the glycaemic patients efficiently and effectively.

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