The purpose of this article is to provide an up to date review on the spectrum of applications of perfusion computed tomography (CT) in the abdomen. New imaging techniques have been developed with the objective of obtaining a structural and functional analysis of different organs. Recently, perfusion CT has aroused the interest of many researchers who are studying the applicability of imaging modalities in the evaluation of abdominal organs and diseases. Perfusion CT enables fast, non-invasive imaging of the tumor vascular physiology. Moreover, it can act as an in vivo biomarker of tumor-related angiogenesis.

Tissue-equivalent hydrogel dosimeters represent a class of tools that hold significant promise, particularly in the precise measurement of three-dimensional dose distributions in radiotherapy. Due to their physical properties closely resembling those of human soft tissue, these dosimeters effectively replicate the energy transfer phenomena resulting from radiation interactions, such as atomic ionization and scattering by nuclei or electrons. Consequently, tissue-equivalent dosimeters, characterized by their linear energy transfer properties, have been extensively applied in medical physics, radiation oncology, and nuclear safety. Future advancements focusing on developing more stable, less toxic, normoxic, and cost-effective dosimeters could enable their broader adoption. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key characteristics that make hydrogel dosimeters tissue-equivalent, highlighting their benefits, limitations, and primary application areas. Additionally, it explores current advancements in polymeric gel technology and discusses future directions aimed at optimizing their performance and accessibility for broader adoption.

Interrupted aortic arch is a rare congenital malformation of the aortic arch defined as a loss of luminal continuity between the ascending and descending portions of the aorta. In a simple interrupted aortic arch, only a ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus are observed. We present a rare complex form of type A interrupted aorta with an aortopulmonary window, an atrial septal defect, a ventricular septal defect, and a patent ductus arteriosus on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging.

In a computed tomography (CT) examination, scanogram images are used to determine the range of the area to be imaged before scanning. The importance of scanogram image exposure has increased since total examination radiation has decreased due to technological advancements. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare radiation doses delivered to patients while the tube was in anterior-posterior (AP) and posterior-anterior (PA) positions during a CT angiography scanogram. The radiation doses absorbed by the breast tissue of 55 female patients who underwent cardiac dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) angiography were determined using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100, Harshaw, MA, USA). Four patients were excluded from the study for various reasons. Radiation doses absorbed by the breasts were significantly lower when the tube position was switched during the scanogram. The absorbed doses, calculated from scanogram exposures, were 520 ± 50 μSv for the AP projection and 410 ± 45 μSv for the PA projection. Total skin doses from the DSCT examinations were 18.9 ± 2.3 mSv. We attributed the approximately 20% lower doses to the position of the scanogram tube, which was in the PA position.