Background: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV.We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP’s knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS.Method: Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP.Results: Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13–0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59–5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0–2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP.Conclusions: The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.

Objetivo: Desarrollar, implementar y evaluar un programa de prevención del suicidio dirigido a adolescentes.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental, del tipo antes y después, con adolescentes de una institución educativa en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. El estudio siguió las etapas de desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de un programa de intervención para la prevención del suicidio. Se administraron tres instrumentos de evaluación antes y después de la intervención: la escala de ideación suicida de Beck; el Inventario de Depresión de Beck y la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck.Resultados: Antes de la intervención, participaron 102 adolescentes, 30 (29.4%) tenían ideación suicida y síntomas depresivos. Después de la intervención, los instrumentos se aplicaron a los 30 adolescentes seleccionados, 12 (40.0%) continuaron con la ideación. Antes de la intervención, el Inventario de depresión promedio fue de 23.83 y luego de 7.17 (p <0.0001). En cuanto a la desesperanza, el promedio obtenido antes fue 7.23 y luego 2.17 (p <0.0001); Con respecto a la ideación suicida, el promedio obtenido antes fue de 10.50 y luego de 2.57 (p <0.0001).Conclusión: Hubo una disminución en los síntomas depresivos, la desesperanza y la ideación suicida después de la implementación del elaborado programa de intervención. Objective: To develop, implement and evaluate a suicide prevention program aimed at adolescents.Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study, before and after, with adolescents from an educational institution in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The study followed the stages of development, implementation and evaluation of a suicide prevention intervention program. Three assessment instruments were administered before and after the intervention: Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale; Beck's Depression Inventory and Beck's Hopelessness Scale. Results: Before the intervention, 102 adolescents participated, 30 (29.4%) had suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. After the intervention the instruments were applied to the 30 selected adolescents, 12 (40.0%) continued with ideation. Prior to intervention, the average Depression Inventory was 23.83 and then 7.17 (p <0.0001). As for hopelessness, the average obtained before was 7.23 and then 2.17 (p <0.0001); Regarding suicidal ideation, the average obtained before was 10.50 and then 2.57 (p <0.0001). Conclusion: There was a decrease in depressive symptoms, hopelessness and suicidal ideation after the implementation of the elaborated intervention program.

Objective: to analyze the factors associated to the inconsistent condom use among sex workers. Method: a transversal study, carried out in prostitution area, using the Respondent Drive Sampling. The sample was calculated based on the information by the Sex Workers Association: 600 female sex workers. The study selected seven women with different characteristics regarding color, age, and place of work, who were called seeds. After the participation, they received three coupons to recruit other participants in order to obtain a representative sample. The definition of inconsistent condom use was determined as occasional use or never using it. Univariate analyses and a multivariate logistic regression were performed. Results: 416 female sex workers participated in the study. The associated factors were having studied for less than eight years (Odds Ratio = 27.28), not having a permanent partner (Odds Ratio = 2.79), high alcohol use (Odds Ratio = 5.07), and being black (Odds Ratio = 2.21). Conclusion: the factors associated to inconsistent condom use were: lower education levels, not having a permanent partner, high alcohol use, and being black.

Resumo Objetivo descrever os aspectos positivos e negativos da simulação clínica no ensino de enfermagem na perspectiva dos graduandos. Método estudo transversal descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido em uma universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados ocorreu após a realização da simulação clínica acerca do exame físico do paciente, onde se sucedeu uma discussão com os alunos acerca de suas percepções. O conteúdo textual decorrente das entrevistas foi submetido à análise lexicográfica, utilizando-se o software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires (IRAMUTEQ). Resultados os aspectos positivos da simulação clínica no ensino de enfermagem versam sobre a importância da simulação na preparação dos alunos para a prática clínica, favorecendo a correlação entre teoria, prática e o desenvolvimento do raciocínio crítico. Dentre os negativos, destacaram-se o nervosismo e a dificuldade em realizar as ações com os demais colegas observando. Conclusão e Implicações para a prática a simulação demonstrou ser uma ferramenta significativa e viável para o ensino em enfermagem. Recomenda-se que esta estratégia seja adotada a fim de contribuir na formação de profissionais reflexivos e aptos para prestar os cuidados sem erros, contribuindo para a segurança do paciente.

This aim of this study was to analyze levels of resilience, depression and self-efficacy among Brazilian nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study between October and December 2020. Student’s t test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the impact of two main factors (Resilience and Self-efficacy) on depression. A total of 8,792 nursing professionals participated in the study; 5,124 (58.8%) had low levels of resilience. The mean overall score for Depression was 0.74, ranging from 0.59 to 0.80, while the mean overall score for Self-efficacy was 0.68, ranging from 0.56 to 0.80. The variable that had the strongest impact on depression levels was Resilience, explaining 6.6% of the outcome (p < 0.001, AdjustedR2 = 0.066). In general, respondents had low levels of resilience and self-efficacy and showed high mean depression scores. Level of resilience had an impact on depression. The findings reveal an urgent need for actions to promote the psychological health of nursing professionals working in crisis situations such as pandemics.

Resumo Objetivo compreender o significado de qualidade de vida atribuído pelas pessoas vivendo com HIV. Método estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado com pessoas vivendo com HIV, nos Serviços de Atendimento Especializado em um município de grande porte no interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram processados pelo software IRaMuTeQ e a análise foi embasada na técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados após a análise das falas emergiram quatro classes principais: Dificuldades enfrentadas no tratamento; Estigma e diminuição da autoestima; Saúde como centro da qualidade de vida e; Viver com expectativas. Conclusão o significado de qualidade de vida foi compreendido pelas pessoas vivendo com HIV por diversos fatores que permeiam a vida, podendo sofrer influências positivas ou negativas. Os aspectos positivos incluíram hábitos de vida saudável, e os aspectos negativos relacionaram-se ao estigma, preconceito e a dificuldade de adesão ao tratamento.