Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping healthcare, offering transformative potential for diagnostics, treatment, and patient management. Despite its growing significance, there is limited integration of AI education in medical curricula, raising concerns about the readiness of future healthcare professionals to utilize AI technologies. This study aims to evaluate the readiness of medical students in Saudi Arabia to embrace AI and to assess the current state of AI education, AI Application use, and future perspectives for medical students. Methods: a cross-sectional design was employed. It involved medical students from various regions of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an anonymous, online, structured, and validated tool from previous studies. The survey included sociodemographic information, details on AI education, the usage of AI applications, intended specialties, and a Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness Scale for Medical Students (MAIRS-MS). The data were extracted and revised in an Excel sheet. Statistical analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS computer program with appropriate statistical tests. Results: This study enrolled 572 medical students, with a mean age of 21.93 years. Most students were Saudi (99.0%), and 43.7% lived in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Most students attended a government medical college (97.41%), and 64.3% of students were in their clinical years. Only 14.5% of the students had received formal AI education, while 34.3% had participated in extracurricular AI training. The mean (SD) MAIRS-MS score was 68.39 (18.3), with higher scores associated with female students, those from the central region, and those with advanced English and computer technology skills (p < 0.001). Conclusions: there is limited AI education and moderate AI readiness among medical students in Saudi colleges, with significant variability in terms of gender, region, and educational background. These findings underscore the need to integrate AI education into medical curricula to better prepare future physicians for AI-enabled healthcare systems.

Importance: Post-tonsillectomy pain remains difficult to manage in children despite standard analgesia. Topical sucralfate may reduce pain by coating the tonsillar bed and promoting mucosal recovery. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical sucralfate in reducing post-tonsillectomy pain and accelerating recovery in children. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Setting: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched until July 2025. Participants: Children aged ≤18 undergoing tonsillectomy. Interventions: Topical sucralfate applied to the tonsillar bed intraoperatively or given postoperatively as an oral rinse. Main Outcomes and Measures: The overall effect size for the primary outcome (postoperative pain during the first postoperative week) was presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs), while secondary outcomes (analgesic use, return to oral intake, and adverse events) were reported as descriptive comparisons across trials. Results: Six randomized trials involving 485 children aged 3 to 12 years were included. Topical sucralfate reduced postoperative pain, with the greatest benefit observed from postoperative day 2 onward compared with placebo. On postoperative day 1, sucralfate lowered pain scores (5 trials; n = 432; SMD, −1.01; 95% confidence interval, −1.45 to −0.57; P < .00001). Sucralfate reduced systemic analgesic use and supported an earlier return to oral intake. Adverse events, including bleeding, nausea, and vomiting, occurred at similar rates in both groups. Conclusions: Topical sucralfate is a safe and effective adjunct after pediatric tonsillectomy. It reduces early postoperative pain and improves functional recovery. Relevance: These findings support topical sucralfate as a simple, low-cost option for postoperative analgesia in children. Larger trials are needed to confirm these benefits.

This is the second study from Saudi Arabia, after a decade-long gap, that focuses on pregnancy rhinitis (PR). PR is a common, yet under-reported and under-diagnosed condition among pregnant Saudi women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PR and its association with sociodemographic factors in a cohort of Saudi women. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study from August 2023 to February 2025 of pregnant women attending Ohud and Maternity and Children’s Hospitals in Medina, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic data and information on nasal symptoms and their severity. The prevalence of PR was calculated as the percentage of women affected. We analyzed the associations between PR and sociodemographic factors using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests, with P ≤ .05, as statistically significant. We included pregnant women aged ≥ 18 years and excluded those with a prepregnancy history of allergic rhinitis or sinusitis. Among 386 pregnant women, 115 (29.8%) had PR. Of these, 73% reported moderate-to-severe symptoms. PR prevalence significantly declined with increasing education levels ( P < .001) but was higher among employed women ( P = .050) and those with chronic diseases ( P = .028). PR is highly prevalent among pregnant Saudi women, with most cases classified as moderate to severe. Obstetricians and gynecologists, in collaboration with ENT specialists, should assess nasal symptoms early in pregnancy and educate patients about PR and its management.