Context: Several studies have shown that emotional regulation (ER) is a transdiagnostic construct of emotional disorders. Therefore, if therapy improves ER, it would improve psychological distress.Objective: This review assesses and compares the changes in ER due to psychological treatment in different therapies.Methods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of RCTs published in the databases PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science was performed. It was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42023387317. Two independent experts in the field reviewed the articles.Results: A total of 18 articles met the criteria for inclusion in the review. Analysis of these studies suggests that in unified protocol (UP), cognitive behaviour therapy, dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) and mindfulness, there is evidence to support that a moderate effect occurs during treatment. Furthermore, in mindfulness and DBT, the effect was moderate in the follow‐up period, while in UP, it was high.Limitations: Given the heterogeneity of the applied interventions and the methodological limitations found in the reviewed trials, the results should be interpreted with caution.Conclusions: UP, cognitive behaviour therapy, DBT and mindfulness can improve ER after therapy, while UP, DBT and mindfulness in the follow‐up period. Other therapies, such as SKY or Flotation REST, require more research.

Comorbidity is more the rule than the exception in mental health, specifically in the case of anxiety and depression. Transdiagnostic models studied the underlying processes to improve mental health treatment and understating. Objective: This systematic review searchs for evidence on transdiagnostic risk factors for anxiety and depression in the clinical population diagnosed with these psychopathological conditions, by analysing the different types or categories of factors identified. Methods: A systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022370327) and was designed according to PRISMA-P guidelines. Two independent reviewers with field knowledge assessed the study quality to reduce bias. Results: Fifty-three articles were examined, and the transdiagnostic variables were grouped into three categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Conclusions: The most studied category was that of psychological variables, especially cognitive processes, negative affect, and neuroticism, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety sensitivity. Biological and sociocultural factors require more study to support their transdiagnostic approach. La comorbilidad es más la regla que la excepción en salud mental y, sobre todo, en el caso de la ansiedad y la depresión. Los modelos transdiagnósticos estudian los procesos subyacentes para mejorar el tratamiento y la comprensión de la salud mental. Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática busca evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo transdiagnósticos para la ansiedad y la depresión en la población clínica diagnosticada de estas condiciones psicopatológicas, analizando los diferentes tipos o categorías de factores identificados. Método: Se registró una revisión sistemática en PROSPERO (número de registro CRD42022370327) y se diseñó de acuerdo con las guías PRISMA-P. La calidad del estudio fue evaluada por dos revisores independientes con conocimiento del campo para reducir el posible sesgo. Resultados: Cincuenta y tres artículos fueron examinados y las variables transdiagnósticas fueron agrupadas en tres categorías: psicológicas, biológicas y socioculturales. Conclusiones: La categoría más estudiada fue la de variables psicológicas, en especial los procesos cognitivos, afecto negativo y neuroticismo, intolerancia a la incertidumbre, sensibilidad a la ansiedad. Los factores biológicos y socioculturales requieren más estudio para sustentar su enfoque transdiagnóstico.

La inteligencia emocional (IE) ha suscitado mucho interés en las últimas décadas en el campo de la salud y el bienestar. Entre sus componentes, quizás uno de los más importantes es la regulación emocional (RE), cuyo estudio se ha desarrollado también como campo independiente. El mal uso de estrategias de RE es un factor subyacente a varios trastornos mentales y tiene especial relevancia en la génesis y el desarrollo de los más prevalentes, la ansiedad y la depresión; además, se ha descubierto que la eficacia de los tratamientos transdiagnósticos sobre estos trastornos se explica por las mejoras en RE como un factor clave. Se propone, por lo tanto, la utilización de la RE en intervenciones preventivas transdiagnósticas de cara a promocionar la salud tanto física como mental.

Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most prevalent disorders worldwide and significantly impair quality of life (QoL). Transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy (TD-CBT) is effective in treating these disorders and improving QoL, but its long-term mechanisms of change are poorly understood. Rumination and worry are key processes addressed by TD-CBT. In this study, we analysed the sequential effect of TD-CBT on post-treatment rumination and worry, anxiety/depression symptoms at 6-months and psychological and physical QoL at 12-months. We use data from PsicAP, a randomised clinical trial in the Primary Care (PC) setting, with 1061 participants randomised to TAU (treatment as usual) or TD-CBT+TAU. Path analyses using SEM were employed to test serial mediation models. Analyses indicated that TD-CBT exerts its long-term beneficial effects on QoL through a cascade of effects, whereby first the maladaptive cognitive processes of rumination and worry are reduced (post-treatment), then anxiety and depressive symptoms (6-months) and finally QoL is improved (12-months). This study provides longitudinal evidence on the mechanisms of change of TD-CBT in patients with anxiety and depression. It also highlights the importance of targeting transdiagnostic interventions towards early modification of negative repetitive thought processes as a critical pathway to long-term symptomatic and functional recovery.

Background/aim: Although suicide is a multidimensional problem, depression has been established as one of the risk factors. In addition, it has also been shown that suicide risk and depression share common factors, among which rumination stands out. This study aims to explore how the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal risk is mediated by rumination and moderated by social support, considering sex as a control variable. Method: The sample included 1002 participants (34.13 % men) aged 18-75 years (M = 34.7, SD = 13.61). A moderated mediation analysis was carried out for depressive symptomatology as an independent variable, the rumination as a mediator, the social support as moderator and the risk of suicide, as a dependent variable (dependent variable). Sex was entered as a covariate. Results: Analyses revealed that the relationship between depression and suicidal risk is mediated by rumination and moderated by high levels of social support. Conclusions: It is essential to design preventive interventions against suicide that include social support networks and emotional regulation strategies focused on rumination management.