Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the administration of cinnamon extract that is known to be effective in decreasing the high blood glucose and the distribution of NGF and Trk-A receptor in pancreas with immunohistochemistry way. Materials and methods: The experimental groups were defined as control, sham, cinnamon, diabetes, and diabetes-cinnamon. At the end of the experiment, the pancreatic tissue samples were obtained for the rats. The hematoxylin-eosin and triple staining were used to examine histology. The immunohistochemical methods were performed on the sections of pancreatic tissue. In all groups, the body weight and fasting blood glucose obtained from the male and female rats and the values were statistically evaluated. Results: The NGF immunoreactivity was observed in acinus, excretory pars, excretorius ducts, and islets of Langerhans for the pancreatic tissues of female and male rats in all groups. The Trk-A immunoreactivity was observed in acinus and islets of Langerhans for the pancreatic tissues of female and male rats in the control, sham, and cinnamon groups. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that the cinnamon, which is effective on blood glucose levels, has a positive effect on the NGF production in pancreas.

Nörotrofin ailesinin ilk keşfedilen üyelerinden biri Sinir Büyüme Faktörü (NGF)’dür. Nörotrofinler (NT) yetişkin bir sinir sisteminde sinaptik fonksiyonların kontrolü, plastisite, nöronal yaşam morfolojisi ve farklılaşmasını sürdürmek için gereklidir. NGF; nöroblast çoğalması, dorsal kök gangliyonu olgunlaşması, akson büyümesi; periferal uyarıma karşı reaksiyon gösteren doku ile bu dokuyu uyaran sinirler arasında mesaj alıcı rolü olan trofik (büyüme) bir protein olarak tanımlanmıştır. NGF; Tirozinkinaz ailesine mensup bir protein olan Trk-A reseptörüne karşı yüksek bir duyarlılığa sahiptir. NGF her ne kadar sinirlere özel bir büyüme faktörü olarak tanımlanmış olsa da yapılan araştırmalar sinir sistemi dışında başka sistemlerde de fonksiyonlarının olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu derlemede NGF ve fonksiyonları detaylı olarak ele alınmaktadır.

This study was conducted to determine the effects on the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens, which were fed an herbal extract mixture (HEM), including Honokiol-Magnolol and Sanguinarine as natural feed additives. A total of 300 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used in this study and randomly divided into four groups with five replicates of 15 broiler chicks each. For the experimental groups, HEM was supplemented in their diet at the levels of 0.00% (C), 1.00% (HEM1), 1.50% (HEM2) and 2.00% (HEM3) respectively. At the end of the experiment, it was concluded that HEM influenced final body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, slaughter weight, carcass weight and carcass yield (P<0.05). Also, HEM decreased malondialdehyde level (P<0.05) and increased glutathione of the breast and liver tissues (P<0.05). HEM showed strong cytoplasmic manganese superoxide dismutase immunoreactivity in duodenal crypts. It is concluded that HEM supplementation to broiler diets may improve the growth performance and antioxidant parameters. Thus, HEM may use natural feed additives to improve broiler health and performance.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) oil and Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) extract on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) release in liver tissue of diabetic rats. Material and Method: Experimental groups were created as control, sham, chia, dandelion, diabetes (DM), diabetes+chia (DC), and diabetes +dandelion (DD). Body weight and blood glucose measurements were taken on the 1st, 3rd, and 17th days of the study and evaluated statistically. A one-way ANOVA test was performed to determine the differences between the groups. The Duncan test was used to compare significant differences between groups. At the end of the study, Masson's trichrome staining and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining were employed for histological examinations of liver tissues, and the distribution of TNF-α and IL-6 was examined by applying the Streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method. Results: It was determined that body weight and blood glucose measurements were significantly decrease for the DC group compared to other groups. Immunoreactivity of TNF-α and IL-6 was found to decrease in DC and DD groups at close to the control levels. Conclusion: Based on our results, it was thought that the use of chia and dandelion in diabetes may contribute to the alleviation of disease-related complications by having a positive effect on proinflammatory cytokine levels.

This study was conducted to immunohistochemically investigate Trk-A receptor levels in pancreas tissue of mice treated by cumin (Cuminum cyminum) plant essential oil. Mice were grouped into control group (n = 10) and trial group (n = 10). No application was performed to the mice in the control group. The mice in trial group were treated by 500 mg/kg of oral cumin essential oil every 24 hours for two days. At the end of study, the pancreatic tissues obtained were blocked in paraffin following routine histological processes. Triple staining was performed to the sections taken from these blocks to examine general histological structure of pancreas. Acinus, islets of Langerhans, pars initialis, pars excretory and ductus excretorius were determined in mice pancreas. Immunohistochemical studies showed that all mice had Trk-A immunoreactivity in pancreatic tissue. Moderate immunoreactivity in acini and weak immunoreactivity in islets of Langerhans and excretory ducts were detected in pancreas tissue of mice in control and trial groups. It was determined that there was no difference between the groups in terms of Trk-A immunoreactivity in acini and islets of Langerhans. Based on the immunohistochemical results, cumin was used in field of diuretic, degassing, digestion facilitator, antimicrobial and antidiabetic effects in field of traditional medicine; It was concluded that Trk-A receptor synthesized from pancreatic tissue does not change its levels.

Determination of CTLA-4 Levels in Placenta Tissue of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia and Smoking Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia - Cyprus Journal of Medical Sciences