In this study, a novel photoelectrocatalytic membrane (PECM) reactor was tested as an option for the desalination, disinfection, and detoxification of biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTWW), with the aim to reuse it in hydroponic farming. The anionic ion exchange (IEX) process was used before PECM treatment to remove toxic residual dyes. The toxicity evaluation for every effluent was carried out using the Vibrio fischeri, Microtox^® test protocol. The disinfection effect of the PECM reactor was studied against E. coli. After PECM treatment, the 78.7% toxicity level of the BTTWW was reduced to 14.6%. However, photocatalytic desalination during treatment was found to be slow (2.5 mg L⁻¹ min⁻¹ at 1 V potential). The reactor demonstrated approximately 52% COD and 63% TOC removal efficiency. The effects of wastewater reuse on hydroponic production were comparatively investigated by following the growth of the lettuce plant. A detrimental effect was observed on the lettuce plant by the reuse of BTTWW, while no negative impact was reported using the PECM treated textile wastewater. In addition, all macro/micronutrient elements in the PECM treated textile wastewater were recovered by hydroponic farming, and the PECM treatment may be an eco-safe wastewater reuse method for crop irrigation.

In the present study, Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) composites were prepared by melt mixing to achieve suitable SWCNT dispersion and distribution and low electrical resistivity, whereby the SWCNT direct incorporation method was compared with masterbatch dilution. An electrical percolation threshold of 0.05–0.075 wt% was found, the lowest threshold value for melt-mixed PMMA/SWCNT composites reported so far. The influence of rotation speed and method of SWCNT incorporation into the PMMA matrix on the electrical properties and the SWCNT macro dispersion was investigated. It was found that increasing rotation speed improved macro dispersion and electrical conductivity. The results showed that electrically conductive composites with a low percolation threshold could be prepared by direct incorporation using high rotation speed. The masterbatch approach leads to higher resistivity values compared to the direct incorporation of SWCNTs. In addition, the thermal behavior and thermoelectric properties of PMMA/SWCNT composites were studied. The Seebeck coefficients vary from 35.8 µV/K to 53.4 µV/K for composites up to 5 wt% SWCNT.

Filament winding is a widely used out-of-autoclave manufacturing technique for producing continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites. This study focuses on optimizing key filament winding process parameters, including heater temperature, roller pressure, and winding speed, to produce thermoplastic composites. Using Box–Behnken response surface methodology (RSM), the study investigates the effects of these parameters on the compressive load of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (GF/PP) and polyphenylene sulfide (GF/PPS) composite cylinders. Mathematical models were developed to quantify the impact of each parameter and optimal processing conditions were identified across a wide temperature range, enhancing both manufacturing efficiency and the overall quality of the composites. This study demonstrates the potential of thermoplastic filament winding as a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to conventional methods, addressing the growing demand for lightweight, high-performance, out-of-autoclave composites in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and energy. The optimized process significantly improved the performance and reliability of filament winding for various thermoplastic applications, offering potential benefits for industrial, aerospace, and other advanced sectors. The results indicate that GF/PPS composites achieved a compressive load of 3356.99 N, whereas GF/PP composites reached 2946.04 N under optimized conditions. It was also revealed that operating at elevated temperatures and reduced pressure levels enhances the quality of GF/PPS composites, while for GF/PP composites, maintaining lower temperature and pressure values is crucial for maximizing strength.