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At present, many coastal ecosystems worldwide are highly affected by anthropic activities. La Mancha lagoon, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, is an important ecosystem due to the wide array of ecosystem services that it provides. In this paper, an analysis of the environmental balances of the lagoon is outlined, using the Drivers, Exchanges, State of the Environment, Consequences and Responses (DESCR) tool. The methodological framework considers the interrelationships between the natural systems and the forces of change that alter the performance of the natural environment, in order to provide an overview of actions that may reduce negative consequences. The study area has been impacted by anthropic development, such as changes in land use for agricultural and livestock activities, loss of mangroves due to logging and modifications, carried out by local fishermen, to the natural hydrodynamics of the lagoon that alter the salinity and affect the ecosystem dynamics. Following analysis of the area, using the DESCR tool, the responses proposed include long-term environmental impact evaluation, with the aim of preserving the local coastal ecosystems.
Samantha Chacón Abarca; Valeria Chávez; Rodolfo Silva; M. Martínez; Giorgio Anfuso. Understanding the Dynamics of a Coastal Lagoon: Drivers, Exchanges, State of the Environment, Consequences and Responses. Geosciences 2021, 11, 301 .
AMA StyleSamantha Chacón Abarca, Valeria Chávez, Rodolfo Silva, M. Martínez, Giorgio Anfuso. Understanding the Dynamics of a Coastal Lagoon: Drivers, Exchanges, State of the Environment, Consequences and Responses. Geosciences. 2021; 11 (8):301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamantha Chacón Abarca; Valeria Chávez; Rodolfo Silva; M. Martínez; Giorgio Anfuso. 2021. "Understanding the Dynamics of a Coastal Lagoon: Drivers, Exchanges, State of the Environment, Consequences and Responses." Geosciences 11, no. 8: 301.
The main aim of this paper is to analyze the development of the railway network in Sicily (Italy), where it runs close to the sea on two of the three sides of the island, and give an overview of the related impacts on coastal environment and tourism. In order to achieve such an objective, the impacts of the railway network were analyzed according to coastal typology (distinguishing between rocky and sandy coastal sectors) and distance from the shoreline (dividing distance values in concrete intervals). Rails were mostly emplaced in flat coastal areas due to the island’s rugged terrain: out of 1592 km of railway, ca. 350 km is located less than 1000 m from the shoreline (123 km on rocky sectors and 227 km on beaches and coastal plains). On sandy beaches and low sandy coastal sectors, approximately 6 km of track is within 25 m from the shoreline, a value rising to 16 km if a 50 m distance is considered, 48 km at 100 m and 103 km at 200 m distance. In correspondence of rocky platforms and high cliffed sectors, data reported for short distances between the rail and the shore are similar to ones observed along sandy coastal sectors, but differ when distance increases, i.e., there is only 32 and 47 km of railway respectively within 100 and 200 m from the shoreline. The emplacement of the railway embankment on beaches and dunes favored coastal squeeze and enhanced coastal erosion due to wave reflection on the embankment, which had to be protected by hard structures. Impacts on rocky sectors, with respect to beach and dune systems, are generally low because such sectors are usually stable (they do not need to be protected), less attractive to tourists and present small urban development. Tourism was affected by reducing landscape quality, beach access and width. More detailed studies and monitoring programs are necessary to locally assess the detailed impacts of the railway network, with this study constituting a preliminary but useful approximation to determine which coastal sectors are potentially the most affected. Results obtained in this paper can stimulate similar researches in other countries to prevent or decrease railway impacts on “Sun, Sea and Sand” tourism and, in general, on the coastal environment.
Irene Cinelli; Giorgio Anfuso; Sandro Privitera; Enzo Pranzini. An Overview on Railway Impacts on Coastal Environment and Beach Tourism in Sicily (Italy). Sustainability 2021, 13, 7068 .
AMA StyleIrene Cinelli, Giorgio Anfuso, Sandro Privitera, Enzo Pranzini. An Overview on Railway Impacts on Coastal Environment and Beach Tourism in Sicily (Italy). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7068.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrene Cinelli; Giorgio Anfuso; Sandro Privitera; Enzo Pranzini. 2021. "An Overview on Railway Impacts on Coastal Environment and Beach Tourism in Sicily (Italy)." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7068.
Human activities often drive landscape degradation and the associated loss of value. This paper describes a method that, by integrating multiple factors, characterize landscape value to establish relevant and effective management practices. The new integrated method for landscape assessment (IMLA) is a four-step model that includes: (i) establishment of a general theoretical basis for sustainability relevant metrics; (ii) characterization of the landscape; (iii) landscape valuation; (iv) recommendations for landscape value management. Each step includes different interactive components of analysis. The new IMLA considers the potential range of values associated with each landscape unit and facilitates sustainable landscape management. The method is systematic and includes both inductive and deductive reasoning. Its articulation is represented in the conjunction and overlapping of all factors and variables considered. IMLA was tested in Santiago de Cuba Bay (Cuba) and used to determine five landscape scopes, eight first-order landscape units and 29 s-order units. It proved to be a useful tool to establish landscape values and sound management strategies. Application of IMLA in Cuba will help local authorities institute land-use plans and to establish decision-making processes that include valuation of cultural landscapes.
Seweryn Zielinski; Celene Milanés; Elena Cambon; Ofelia Perez Montero; Lourdes Rizo; Andres Suarez; Benjamin Cuker; Giorgio Anfuso. An Integrated Method for Landscape Assessment: Application to Santiago de Cuba Bay, Cuba. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4773 .
AMA StyleSeweryn Zielinski, Celene Milanés, Elena Cambon, Ofelia Perez Montero, Lourdes Rizo, Andres Suarez, Benjamin Cuker, Giorgio Anfuso. An Integrated Method for Landscape Assessment: Application to Santiago de Cuba Bay, Cuba. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4773.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeweryn Zielinski; Celene Milanés; Elena Cambon; Ofelia Perez Montero; Lourdes Rizo; Andres Suarez; Benjamin Cuker; Giorgio Anfuso. 2021. "An Integrated Method for Landscape Assessment: Application to Santiago de Cuba Bay, Cuba." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4773.
Coastal areas globally are facing a significant range of environmental stresses, enhanced by climate change-related processes and a continuous increase of human activities. The economic benefits of tourism are well-known for coastal regions, but, very often, conflicts arise between short-term benefits and long-term conservation goals. Among beach user preferences, five parameters of greater importance stand out from the rest, i.e., safety, facilities, water quality, litter and scenery; the latter is the main concern of this study. A coastal scenic evaluation was carried out in the Balearic Islands and focused on two major issues: coastal scenic beauty together with sensitivity to natural processes and human pressure. The archipelago is renowned as a top international coastal tourist destination that receives more than 13.5 million visitors (2019). Impressive landscape diversity makes the Balearics Islands an ideal field for this research. In total, 52 sites, respectively located in Ibiza (11), Formentera (5), Mallorca (18) and Menorca (18), were field-tested. In a first step, coastal scenic beauty was quantified using the coastal scenic evaluation system (CSES) method, based on the evaluation of 26 physical and human parameters, and using weighting matrices parameters and fuzzy logic mathematics. An evaluation index (“D”) was obtained for each site, allowing one to classify them in one of the five scenic classes established by the method. Twenty-nine sites were included in class I, corresponding to extremely attractive sites (CSES), which were mainly observed in Menorca. Several sound measures were proposed to maintain and/or enhance sites’ scenic value. In a second step, scenic sensitivity was evaluated using a novel methodological approach that makes possible the assessment of three different coastal scenic sensitivity indexes (CSSI), i.e., the natural sensitivity index NSI, the human sensitivity index HSI and the total sensitivity index TSI. Future climate change trends and projection of tourism development, studied at municipality scale, were considered as correction factors. All the islands showed places highly sensitive to environmental processes, while sensitivity to human pressure was essentially observed at Ibiza and Mallorca. Thereafter, sites were categorized into one of three sensitive groups established by the methodology. Results obtained are useful in pointing out very sensitive sceneries as well as limiting, preventing and/or anticipating future scenic degradation linked to natural and human issues.
Alexis Mooser; Giorgio Anfuso; Lluís Gómez-Pujol; Angela Rizzo; Allan Williams; Pietro Aucelli. Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity at the Balearic Islands, Spain: Implication of Natural and Human Factors. Land 2021, 10, 456 .
AMA StyleAlexis Mooser, Giorgio Anfuso, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, Angela Rizzo, Allan Williams, Pietro Aucelli. Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity at the Balearic Islands, Spain: Implication of Natural and Human Factors. Land. 2021; 10 (5):456.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexis Mooser; Giorgio Anfuso; Lluís Gómez-Pujol; Angela Rizzo; Allan Williams; Pietro Aucelli. 2021. "Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity at the Balearic Islands, Spain: Implication of Natural and Human Factors." Land 10, no. 5: 456.
Litter on beaches is one of the most difficult problems in coastal management and every year, much efforts and public money are invested to try to alleviate and solve the problem. Cigarette butts (CB) are among the most widespread abandoned personal items in the world. In Spain, they are found on all types of beaches, where they are discarded by beach users; however, rivers and streams can also deposit CB on shores. This paper analyses the abundance of CB on different beaches in Southern Spain in order to address and better understand this relevant environmental problem and propose sound solutions to decrease or eliminate their presence. The main factors favouring CB accumulation were identified, namely the seasonality and number of beach users, beach typology (remote, rural, village or urban sites), type of beach sediment and methods and frequency of cleaning operations. Mean and median CB abundance values per 100 m of beach length, calculated from all the data used in this study, were 159 and 68 items, respectively. The largest number of CB were observed at urban sites, followed by village, rural and remote beaches. Further, sand beaches registered higher values of CB than cobble or pebble beaches.
Francisco Asensio-Montesinos; Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez; María Teresa Aguilar-Torrelo; Giorgio Anfuso. Abundance and Distribution of Cigarette Butts on Coastal Environments: Examples from Southern Spain. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 129 .
AMA StyleFrancisco Asensio-Montesinos, Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez, María Teresa Aguilar-Torrelo, Giorgio Anfuso. Abundance and Distribution of Cigarette Butts on Coastal Environments: Examples from Southern Spain. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (2):129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Asensio-Montesinos; Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez; María Teresa Aguilar-Torrelo; Giorgio Anfuso. 2021. "Abundance and Distribution of Cigarette Butts on Coastal Environments: Examples from Southern Spain." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2: 129.
Beach water quality is an important factor concerning public health and tourism linked to the “Sun, Sea and Sand” market and is usually assessed in international regulations by the quantification of Escherichia coli and enterococci counts. Despite Salmonella spp. detection not being included in international normative, the presence/absence of this bacteria is also an indicator of seawater quality. The objective of this study was to determine microbiological quality of beach water at 14 beaches along the Department of Atlántico (Colombia) and its relationship with beach characteristics as beach typology (i.e., urban, village, rural and remote areas), presence of beach facilities (e.g., bars, restaurants, etc.) and streams outflowing into the coastline. Sampling program aimed to analyse E. coli and Salmonella spp., by culture-based and real time PCR methods, respectively. Microbiological outcomes were compared with beach characteristics, and a cluster analysis was performed. E. coli and Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% and 20% of samples, respectively. Highest E. coli counts were observed at beaches classified as urban and at Sabanilla, a rural beach with presence of numerous beach restaurants/bars. Salmonella spp. presence was associated with streams that lack wastewater treatment systems. Cluster analysis clearly evidenced the relationship between E. coli and Salmonella spp. and beach characteristics, allowing to obtain indications to implement management programs. According to data obtained, monitoring programs have to be especially carried out in urban areas and at places with beach facilities. This could enhance microbiological water quality and consequently, beachgoers safety and touristic beach attractiveness to international visitors.
Zamira E. Soto-Varela; David Rosado-Porto; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Camila Pichón González; Bertha Granados Pantoja; Dalidier Estrada Alvarado; Giorgio Anfuso. Preliminary Microbiological Coastal Water Quality Determination along the Department of Atlántico (Colombia): Relationships with Beach Characteristics. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 122 .
AMA StyleZamira E. Soto-Varela, David Rosado-Porto, Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo, Camila Pichón González, Bertha Granados Pantoja, Dalidier Estrada Alvarado, Giorgio Anfuso. Preliminary Microbiological Coastal Water Quality Determination along the Department of Atlántico (Colombia): Relationships with Beach Characteristics. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (2):122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZamira E. Soto-Varela; David Rosado-Porto; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Camila Pichón González; Bertha Granados Pantoja; Dalidier Estrada Alvarado; Giorgio Anfuso. 2021. "Preliminary Microbiological Coastal Water Quality Determination along the Department of Atlántico (Colombia): Relationships with Beach Characteristics." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2: 122.
Beaches are multidimensional ecosystems that develop relevant natural functions and host tourist activities of great economic value. Therefore, they are currently being subjected to severe human pressure and natural impacts often enhanced by climate change. Beach certification schemes (BCSs) were designed to bridge the gap between recreation and conservation uses. The aim of this paper is to assess the compatibility and potential contribution of nine Beach Classification Schemes (BCSs) used in Latin America with the Orla Project implemented in Brazil to optimize land use planning of coastal zones, including beaches. The weaknesses and strengths of each BCSs were assessed according to the criteria for integrated coastal zone management. As a result, four of the nine BCSs were found to be the most compatible with the context of Brazilian beaches (Ecuadorian, Colombian, Cuban, and Argentinean BCSs), indicating that BCSs can contribute to specific aspects of beach management, but they should not be the only management strategy. In conclusion, the strengths of the four BCSs identified in this study can be used to build a new management tool for Brazilian beaches aligned with the Orla Project—the main coastal planning and management instrument currently used.
Luidgi Marchese; Camilo Botero; Seweryn Zielinski; Giorgio Anfuso; Marcus Polette; Iran Correa. Beach Certification Schemes in Latin America: Are They Applicable to the Brazilian Context? Sustainability 2021, 13, 934 .
AMA StyleLuidgi Marchese, Camilo Botero, Seweryn Zielinski, Giorgio Anfuso, Marcus Polette, Iran Correa. Beach Certification Schemes in Latin America: Are They Applicable to the Brazilian Context? Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuidgi Marchese; Camilo Botero; Seweryn Zielinski; Giorgio Anfuso; Marcus Polette; Iran Correa. 2021. "Beach Certification Schemes in Latin America: Are They Applicable to the Brazilian Context?" Sustainability 13, no. 2: 934.
Coastal area constitutes a vulnerable environment and requires special attention to preserve ecosystems and human activities therein. To this aim, many studies have been devoted both in past and recent years to analyzing the main factors affecting coastal vulnerability and susceptibility. Among the most used approaches, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) accounts for all relevant variables that characterize the coastal environment dealing with: (i) forcing actions (waves, tidal range, sea-level rise, etc.), (ii) morphological characteristics (geomorphology, foreshore slope, dune features, etc.), (iii) socio-economic, ecological and cultural aspects (tourism activities, natural habitats, etc.). Each variable is evaluated at each portion of the investigated coast, and associated with a vulnerability level which usually ranges from 1 (very low vulnerability), to 5 (very high vulnerability). Following a susceptibility/vulnerability analysis of a coastal stretch, specific strategies must be chosen and implemented to favor coastal resilience and adaptation, spanning from hard solutions (e.g., groins, breakwaters, etc.) to soft solutions (e.g., beach and dune nourishment projects), to the relocation option and the establishment of accommodation strategies (e.g., emergency preparedness).
Giorgio Anfuso; Matteo Postacchini; Diana Di Luccio; Guido Benassai. Coastal Sensitivity/Vulnerability Characterization and Adaptation Strategies: A Review. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 72 .
AMA StyleGiorgio Anfuso, Matteo Postacchini, Diana Di Luccio, Guido Benassai. Coastal Sensitivity/Vulnerability Characterization and Adaptation Strategies: A Review. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (1):72.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiorgio Anfuso; Matteo Postacchini; Diana Di Luccio; Guido Benassai. 2021. "Coastal Sensitivity/Vulnerability Characterization and Adaptation Strategies: A Review." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 1: 72.
The coastal landscape of the south of the Baja California peninsula provides significant socio-economic benefits based on tourism. An analysis of coastal vulnerability was conducted for Cabo San Lucas, considering wave climate conditions, sediment characterization, beach profiles, and the historical occurrence of coastline changes, hurricanes, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The coastal scenery was also classified considering the landscape value of the environment from a touristic point of view, based on human and natural interactions on the landscape. Results show that the vulnerability increases close to the submarine sand falls, near intense urbanization, in resort areas, and at locations with narrow beach and dune widths. The degree of vulnerability along the coast alters abruptly, as urban and recreational sites alternate with natural sites. This coastline has seen exponential development since the 1980s, resulting in highly vulnerable areas with a low, and decreasing, touristic value, as the landscape has been changed into an urban settlement with limited natural attractions. Urban and recreational settlements threaten to cover dunes and reservoirs of natural sediments, increasingly affecting vulnerability in the area as well as the landscape values of many parts of the coast, including the submarine sand falls.
Juan Carlos Alcérreca-Huerta; Jorge R. Montiel-Hernández; Mariana E. Callejas-Jiménez; Dulce A. Hernández-Avilés; Giorgio Anfuso; Rodolfo Silva. Vulnerability of Subaerial and Submarine Landscapes: The Sand Falls in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Land 2020, 10, 27 .
AMA StyleJuan Carlos Alcérreca-Huerta, Jorge R. Montiel-Hernández, Mariana E. Callejas-Jiménez, Dulce A. Hernández-Avilés, Giorgio Anfuso, Rodolfo Silva. Vulnerability of Subaerial and Submarine Landscapes: The Sand Falls in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Land. 2020; 10 (1):27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Carlos Alcérreca-Huerta; Jorge R. Montiel-Hernández; Mariana E. Callejas-Jiménez; Dulce A. Hernández-Avilés; Giorgio Anfuso; Rodolfo Silva. 2020. "Vulnerability of Subaerial and Submarine Landscapes: The Sand Falls in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico." Land 10, no. 1: 27.
Coasts worldwide face a great variety of environmental impacts, as well as increased anthropogenic pressures due to urbanization and rapid population growth. Human activities menace ecosystem services and the economy of coastal countries, often based on “Sun, Sea and Sand” (3S) tourism. The five parameters of greatest importance (the “Big Five”) for beach visitors are safety, facilities, water quality, no litter and scenery, and the characterization of the latter was recently carried out by means of a checklist of 26 natural and human parameters, parameter weighting matrices and fuzzy logic, according to the “Coastal Scenic Evaluation System” (CSES) methodology. In order to propose sound coastal management strategies, the main aim of this paper is to propose a method to determine the scenic sensitivity of (i) natural parameters to coastal natural processes in a Climate Change context and (ii) human parameters to visitors’ pressure in a scenario of increasing tourism and coastal developments. Regarding natural parameters, the sensitivity of “Beach face” and “Dunes” parameters is determined according to an Erodibility Index with a Correction Factor, taking into account wave forcing characteristics, tidal range and trends at a local scale of Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge. This establishes a Sensitivity Index to natural processes. A site’s scenic sensitivity to human pressure/activities was determined by considering the sensitivity of several human parameters of the CSES method according to beach typology and access difficulty together with the Protection Area Management Category to which a site belongs. A Human Impact Index is obtained, which is afterwards corrected by taking into account local trends of tourism pressure, establishing a Sensitivity Index to human pressure. Finally, a total Sensitivity Index considering both natural processes and human pressure is obtained, and sites divided into three sensitive groups. The results can be useful to limit and prevent environmental degradation linked to natural processes and tourism development, and also to suggest measures to improve the scenic value of investigated sites and their sustainable usage. The method was tested for 29 sites of great scenic quality along the Mediterranean coast of Andalusia, Spain.
Alexis Mooser; Giorgio Anfuso; Allan Williams; Rosa Molina; Pietro Aucelli. An Innovative Approach to Determine Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity in a Scenario of Increasing Human Pressure and Natural Impacts Due to Climate Change. Water 2020, 13, 49 .
AMA StyleAlexis Mooser, Giorgio Anfuso, Allan Williams, Rosa Molina, Pietro Aucelli. An Innovative Approach to Determine Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity in a Scenario of Increasing Human Pressure and Natural Impacts Due to Climate Change. Water. 2020; 13 (1):49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexis Mooser; Giorgio Anfuso; Allan Williams; Rosa Molina; Pietro Aucelli. 2020. "An Innovative Approach to Determine Coastal Scenic Beauty and Sensitivity in a Scenario of Increasing Human Pressure and Natural Impacts Due to Climate Change." Water 13, no. 1: 49.
In recent decades, coastal areas have experienced a progressive increase in erosion and flooding processes as a consequence of the combined effect of natural factors and strong human pressures. These processes are particularly evident on low-lying areas and are expected to be exacerbated by the ongoing climate change, which will impact the littorals both in the short term, by affecting the duration and frequency of storms, and in the long term, by inducing variation in the sea-level position. In this context, this Special Issue is devoted to collecting geomorphological studies on coastal dynamic and evolution by means of multidisciplinary research methodologies and investigations, which represent a very useful set of information for supporting the integrated management of coastal zone. The volume includes 14 papers addressing three main topics (i) shoreline characterization, dynamic and evaluation; (ii) coastal hazard evaluation and impact assessment of marine events; and (iii) relevance of sediment collection and analysis for beach nourishment. Case studies from Russia, Italy, California (USA), Morocco, Spain, Indonesia, Ireland and Colombia are shown in the Special Issue, giving to the reader a wide overview of coastal settings and methodological approaches.
Angela Rizzo; Giorgio Anfuso. Coastal Dynamic and Evolution: Case Studies from Different Sites around the World. Water 2020, 12, 2829 .
AMA StyleAngela Rizzo, Giorgio Anfuso. Coastal Dynamic and Evolution: Case Studies from Different Sites around the World. Water. 2020; 12 (10):2829.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAngela Rizzo; Giorgio Anfuso. 2020. "Coastal Dynamic and Evolution: Case Studies from Different Sites around the World." Water 12, no. 10: 2829.
In the Antarctic Peninsula, most important activities are touristic visits, from the second half of the 20th Century, and scientific investigation linked to 75 research stations. Beach litter content/abundance was investigated at 17 beaches in Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica) and the type of plastic material was determined by Raman spectroscopy. An average value of 0.16 items m−1 was observed. Wood items consisted of processed wood fragments representing 47.27% of the total. Foam represented 21%, hard plastic pieces 9.68% (consisting of polyvinyl chloride or high density polyethylene), metal 3.37%, rubber fragments 2.81%, foamed plastic pieces 2.66% (composed by polystyrene), the rest of categories representing less than 2% of the total. Wood debris and metal are essentially remnant objects of ancient whaling activities and research expeditions, polyurethane and expanded polystyrene materials have different origins and hard plastic, rubber, paper/cardboard and paint fragments seem mostly linked to present research activities.
Giorgio Anfuso; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Francisco Asensio-Montesinos; Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli; Luana Portz; Diego Andrés Villate Daza. Beach litter distribution in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020, 160, 111657 .
AMA StyleGiorgio Anfuso, Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo, Francisco Asensio-Montesinos, Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli, Luana Portz, Diego Andrés Villate Daza. Beach litter distribution in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2020; 160 ():111657.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiorgio Anfuso; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Francisco Asensio-Montesinos; Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli; Luana Portz; Diego Andrés Villate Daza. 2020. "Beach litter distribution in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica." Marine Pollution Bulletin 160, no. : 111657.
This paper deals with the characterization and evolution of dune systems along the Mediterranean coast of Andalusia, in the South of Spain, a first step to assess their relevant value in coastal flood protection and in the determination of sound management strategies to protect such valuable ecological systems. Different dune types were mapped as well as dune toe position and fragmentation, which favors dune sensitivity to storms’ impacts, and human occupation and evolution from 1977 to 2001 and from 2001 to 2016. Within a GIS (Geographic Information System) project, 53 dune systems were mapped that summed a total length of ca. 106 km in 1977, differentiating three dune environments: (i) Embryo and mobile dunes (Type I), (ii) grass-fixed dunes (Type II) and (iii) stabilized dunes (Type III). A general decrease in dunes’ surfaces was recorded in the 1977–2001 period (−7.5 × 106 m2), especially in Málaga and Almería provinces, and linked to dunes’ fragmentation and the increase of anthropic occupation (+2.3 × 106 m2). During the 2001–2016 period, smaller changes in the level of fragmentation and in dunes’ surfaces were observed. An increase of dunes’ surfaces was only observed on stable or accreting beaches, both in natural and anthropic areas (usually updrift of ports).
Rosa Molina; Giorgio Manno; Carlo Lo Re; Giorgio Anfuso. Dune Systems’ Characterization and Evolution in the Andalusia Mediterranean Coast (Spain). Water 2020, 12, 2094 .
AMA StyleRosa Molina, Giorgio Manno, Carlo Lo Re, Giorgio Anfuso. Dune Systems’ Characterization and Evolution in the Andalusia Mediterranean Coast (Spain). Water. 2020; 12 (8):2094.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRosa Molina; Giorgio Manno; Carlo Lo Re; Giorgio Anfuso. 2020. "Dune Systems’ Characterization and Evolution in the Andalusia Mediterranean Coast (Spain)." Water 12, no. 8: 2094.
Plastic litter is mainly observed at the high tide line and the backshore area. Cigarette butts are a major problem in most of visited beaches. Excluding cigarette butts, PP and PE are the most abundant types of plastics. Beach litter can be attributed to beach users, fishing or wastewater discharges. White, transparent and blue are the main colours of the hard plastic pieces. Download : Download high-res image (191KB)Download : Download full-size image
Francisco Asensio-Montesinos; Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez; Juan María González-Leal; Daniel Carrizo; Giorgio Anfuso. Characterization of plastic beach litter by Raman spectroscopy in South-western Spain. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 744, 140890 .
AMA StyleFrancisco Asensio-Montesinos, Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez, Juan María González-Leal, Daniel Carrizo, Giorgio Anfuso. Characterization of plastic beach litter by Raman spectroscopy in South-western Spain. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 744 ():140890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Asensio-Montesinos; Milagrosa Oliva Ramírez; Juan María González-Leal; Daniel Carrizo; Giorgio Anfuso. 2020. "Characterization of plastic beach litter by Raman spectroscopy in South-western Spain." Science of The Total Environment 744, no. : 140890.
The scenery, safety, facilities, water quality and litter quantities in coastal areas are relevant and determining elements in the choice of a tourist destination. This paper focused on the evaluation of coastal scenic value in 55 and 12 sites respectively located in continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands. The information obtained gives public administrators and coastal managers the relevant data to avoid further environmental degradation and suggests measures to improve the present scenic value of tourist destinations. The methodology used was based on the analysis of 26 physical/human factors and applied fuzzy logic analysis and weighting matrices that allowed the sites to be classified into five classes, from Class I (natural areas with superior scenic characteristics) to Class V (poor scenic areas with relevant impact of human interventions). The most attractive beaches were in the Galapagos Islands due to the magnificent physical and environmental characteristics, while the Esmeraldas province presented sites of lower scenic beauty due to the low natural scenic value and the increase of human impacts. In total, 22% (15 out of 67) of the beaches investigated belonged to Class I, 12% (8) to Class II and 15% (10) to Class III. The last two classes included 51% of the beaches (i.e. 34 out of 67), of which 31% (21) was in Class IV and 20% (13) in Class V. Such results provide local managers and planners a solid inventory on coastal scenic characteristics and baseline information for any envisaged subsequent management plan.
Carlos Mestanza-Ramón; Giorgio Anfuso; J. Chica-Ruiz; Alexis Mooser; Camilo Botero; Enzo Pranzini. Coastal Scenic Evaluation of Continental Ecuador and Galapagos Islands: Human Impacts and Management Issues. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 468 .
AMA StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón, Giorgio Anfuso, J. Chica-Ruiz, Alexis Mooser, Camilo Botero, Enzo Pranzini. Coastal Scenic Evaluation of Continental Ecuador and Galapagos Islands: Human Impacts and Management Issues. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (6):468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón; Giorgio Anfuso; J. Chica-Ruiz; Alexis Mooser; Camilo Botero; Enzo Pranzini. 2020. "Coastal Scenic Evaluation of Continental Ecuador and Galapagos Islands: Human Impacts and Management Issues." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 6: 468.
Tourism in coastal areas is becoming increasingly important in Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) as an integrated approach that balances the requirements of different tourist sectors. This paper analyzes ICZM in continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands from the perspective of the 3S tourism, and presents its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). The methodology used was based on a literature review of ten aspects of the highest relevance to ICZM, i.e., Policies, Regulations, Responsibilities, Institutions, Strategies and Instruments, Training, Economic Resources, Information, Education for Sustainability, and Citizen Participation. The results highlight four aspects as strengths (Policies, Responsibilities, Institutions and Citizen Participation), while the most notable weaknesses were Regulations and Education for sustainability. Strategies and Instruments, as well as Information, were identified as opportunities to stand out. The main threats were Economic Resources and Training. Ecuador does not have clearly established public policies that would allow for the integrated management of 3S tourism and be considered as productive, valuable alternatives. It is necessary to consolidate and promote 3S tourism as a State policy and as a means to improve the economies in coastal areas. Finally, Ecuador needs to overcome negative changes in the macroeconomic environment and reverse its current deteriorated image.
Carlos Mestanza-Ramón; J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz; Giorgio Anfuso; Alexis Mooser; Camilo M. Botero; Enzo Pranzini. Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective. Water 2020, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón, J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz, Giorgio Anfuso, Alexis Mooser, Camilo M. Botero, Enzo Pranzini. Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón; J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz; Giorgio Anfuso; Alexis Mooser; Camilo M. Botero; Enzo Pranzini. 2020. "Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective." Water 12, no. 6: 1.
In northern Europe, beach erosion, coastal flooding and associated damages to engineering structures are linked to mid-latitude storms that form through cyclogenesis and post-tropical cyclones, when a tropical cyclone moves north from its tropical origin. The present work analyses the hydrodynamic forcing and morphological changes observed at three beaches in the north coast of Northern Ireland (Magilligan, Portrush West’s southern and northern sectors, and Whiterocks), prior to, during, and immediately after post-tropical cyclone Katia. Katia was the second major hurricane of the active 2011 Atlantic hurricane season and impacted the British Isles on the 12–13 September 2011. During the Katia event, offshore wave buoys recorded values in excess of 5 m at the peak of the storm on the 13 September, but nearshore significant wave height ranged from 1 to 3 m, reflecting relevant wave energy dissipation across an extensive and shallow continental shelf. This was especially so at Magilligan, where widespread refraction and attenuation led to reduced shore-normal energy fluxes and very minor morphological changes. Morphological changes were restricted to upper beach erosion and flattening of the foreshore. Longshore transport was evident at Portrush West, with the northern sector experiencing erosion while the southern sector accreted, inducing a short-term rotational response in this embayment. In Whiterocks, berm erosion contributed to a general beach flattening and this resulted in an overall accretion due to sediment influx from the updrift western areas. Taking into account that the post-tropical cyclone Katia produced £100 m ($157 million, 2011 USD) in damage in the United Kingdom alone, the results of the present study represent a contribution to the general database of post-tropical storm response on Northern European coastlines, informing coastal response prediction and damage mitigation.
Giorgio Anfuso; Carlos Loureiro; Mohammed Taaouati; Thomas Smyth; Derek Jackson. Spatial Variability of Beach Impact from Post-Tropical Cyclone Katia (2011) on Northern Ireland’s North Coast. Water 2020, 12, 1380 .
AMA StyleGiorgio Anfuso, Carlos Loureiro, Mohammed Taaouati, Thomas Smyth, Derek Jackson. Spatial Variability of Beach Impact from Post-Tropical Cyclone Katia (2011) on Northern Ireland’s North Coast. Water. 2020; 12 (5):1380.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiorgio Anfuso; Carlos Loureiro; Mohammed Taaouati; Thomas Smyth; Derek Jackson. 2020. "Spatial Variability of Beach Impact from Post-Tropical Cyclone Katia (2011) on Northern Ireland’s North Coast." Water 12, no. 5: 1380.
Sea, Sun, and Sand (3S) are relevant and determining elements for choosing a tourist destination in Ecuador, a country with about 1200 km of coast along the Pacific Ocean. This study analyzed the market potential of the 3S in 64 beaches, 10 located in the Galapagos and 54 in the continental zone (of Ecuador). The methodology used was exploratory and bibliographical, complemented by a descriptive analysis. The color of the water was assessed by direct observation, sand samples were taken to a laboratory for color analysis, and information on the hours of light was obtained from international archive data. The data obtained were compared with other world famous 3S tourism destinations. The Galapagos had the best results, with attractive white sand beaches, sea blue water color, and an elevated sunshine time; meanwhile, the continental zone presented poor beaches with dark sand and unattractive water color. To strengthen 3S tourism, managers should work on the enhancement of complementary aspects such as culture, gastronomy, and architecture, promoting the creation of new coastal tourist routes and destinations.
Carlos Mestanza-Ramón; Enzo Pranzini; Giorgio Anfuso; Camilo M. Botero; J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz; Alexis Mooser. An Attempt to Characterize the “3S” (Sea, Sun, and Sand) Parameters: Application to the Galapagos Islands and Continental Ecuadorian Beaches. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3468 .
AMA StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón, Enzo Pranzini, Giorgio Anfuso, Camilo M. Botero, J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz, Alexis Mooser. An Attempt to Characterize the “3S” (Sea, Sun, and Sand) Parameters: Application to the Galapagos Islands and Continental Ecuadorian Beaches. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (8):3468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Mestanza-Ramón; Enzo Pranzini; Giorgio Anfuso; Camilo M. Botero; J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz; Alexis Mooser. 2020. "An Attempt to Characterize the “3S” (Sea, Sun, and Sand) Parameters: Application to the Galapagos Islands and Continental Ecuadorian Beaches." Sustainability 12, no. 8: 3468.
Colombia has approximately 379,954 hectares of mangrove forests distributed along the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea coasts. Such forests are experiencing the highest annual rate of loss recorded in South America and, in the last three decades, approximately 40,000 hectares have been greatly affected by natural and, especially, human impacts. This study determined, by the use of Landsat multispectral satellite images, the evolution of three mangrove forests located in the Colombian Caribbean Sea: Malloquín, Totumo, and La Virgen swamps. Mangrove forest at Mallorquín Swamp recorded a loss of 15 ha in the period of 1985–2018, associated with alterations in forest hydrology, illegal logging, urban growth, and coastal erosion. Totumo Swamp lost 301 ha in the period 1985–2018 associated with changes in hydrological conditions, illegal logging, and increased agricultural and livestock uses. La Virgen Swamp presented a loss of 31 ha in the period of 2013–2018 that was linked to the construction of a roadway, alterations of hydrological conditions, illegal logging, and soil urbanization, mainly for tourist purposes. Although Colombian legislation has made efforts to protect mangrove ecosystems, human activities are the main cause of mangrove degradation, and thus it is mandatory for the local population to understand the value of the ecosystem services provided by mangroves.
Diego Andrés Villate Daza; Hernando Sánchez Moreno; Luana Portz; Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Giorgio Anfuso. Mangrove Forests Evolution and Threats in the Caribbean Sea of Colombia. Water 2020, 12, 1113 .
AMA StyleDiego Andrés Villate Daza, Hernando Sánchez Moreno, Luana Portz, Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli, Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo, Giorgio Anfuso. Mangrove Forests Evolution and Threats in the Caribbean Sea of Colombia. Water. 2020; 12 (4):1113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Andrés Villate Daza; Hernando Sánchez Moreno; Luana Portz; Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli; Hernando José Bolívar-Anillo; Giorgio Anfuso. 2020. "Mangrove Forests Evolution and Threats in the Caribbean Sea of Colombia." Water 12, no. 4: 1113.
The North Atlantic coast of Morocco is characterised by a flat rocky outcrop in the south (Asilah Beach) and a sandy beach free of rocky outcrops in the north (Charf el-Akab). These natural beaches were monitored for a period of two years (April 2005–January 2007) and two different profiles (one for each beach) were analysed based on differences in the substrate. Topographic data were analysed using statistics and empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) to determine beach slope and volumetric changes over time. Several morphologic phenomena were identified (accretion/erosion and seasonal tilting of beach profiles around different hinge points), attesting to their importance in explaining variability in the data. Periods of accretion were similar in both profiles, but the volumetric rate of change was faster in the sand-rich (SR) profile than in the reef flat (RF) profile. Moreover, the erosion rate for the SR profile was greater than the RF profile (135.18 m3/year vs. 55.39 m3/year). Therefore, the RF acted as a geological control on the evolution of its profile because of wave energy attenuation. Thus, special attention should be given to the RF profile, which has larger slopes, less amounts of mobilised sand, and slower erosion/accretion rates than the SR profile.
Mohammed Taaouati; Pietro Parisi; Giuseppe Passoni; Patricia Lopez-Garcia; Jeanette Romero-Cozar; Giorgio Anfuso; Juan Vidal; Juan J. Muñoz-Perez. Influence of a Reef Flat on Beach Profiles Along the Atlantic Coast of Morocco. Water 2020, 12, 790 .
AMA StyleMohammed Taaouati, Pietro Parisi, Giuseppe Passoni, Patricia Lopez-Garcia, Jeanette Romero-Cozar, Giorgio Anfuso, Juan Vidal, Juan J. Muñoz-Perez. Influence of a Reef Flat on Beach Profiles Along the Atlantic Coast of Morocco. Water. 2020; 12 (3):790.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Taaouati; Pietro Parisi; Giuseppe Passoni; Patricia Lopez-Garcia; Jeanette Romero-Cozar; Giorgio Anfuso; Juan Vidal; Juan J. Muñoz-Perez. 2020. "Influence of a Reef Flat on Beach Profiles Along the Atlantic Coast of Morocco." Water 12, no. 3: 790.