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Cost-effective and efficient body composition measurement devices that are reliable and valid are necessary for identifying health risk as well as for understanding the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability and validity of three body composition measurement devices. Forty-nine adults (mean age (SD)=31.5 (10.7) y; BMI=23.5 (3.0) kg/m2) completed a reference air displacement plethysmography (ADP) measure, and duplicate measures using skinfold calipers (Lange), ultrasound (BodyMetrix A-mode), and a 3-dimensional photonic scanner (3DPS; Fit3D ProScanner). Skinfold thickness was measured at seven-sites using calipers and ultrasound; percent body fat (%BF) was then estimated using population-specific algorithms. The 3DPS was used to measure body circumferences, then %BF was estimated using its beta-software. While skinfold calipers showed poor absolute reliability (mean differences (Δ) [95% CI]=0.54% [0.22, 0.87], standard error of measurement (SEM)=0.63%), ultrasound and the 3DPS showed excellent absolute (Δ=0.17% [-0.25, 0.58], SEM=0.78%; and Δ=-0.01% [-0.43, 0.40], SEM=0.67%, respectively) and relative reliability (ICC2,1=0.988 [0.979, 0.993]; and ICC2,1=0.983 [0.968, 0.991], respectively). Compared to ADP (n=43), skinfold calipers underestimated %BF (Δ= -4.53 [-7.72, -1.34]; p=0.003), while ultrasound (Δ= -0.32 [-3.51, 2.87]; p=0.99) and the 3DPS (Δ= 1.06 [-2.12. 4.26]; p=0.77) were not significantly different. Bland-Altman plots showed a minimal bias of ultrasound [95% limit of agreement (LOA)=-7.87, 7.23] and the 3DPS [95% LOA=-6.66, 8.79]. In conclusion, estimating %BF from subcutaneous fat measurements using ultrasound and body circumferences using a 3DPS may be reliable and valid methods that require minimal technician expertise.
Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Jennifer J. Lee; Terence Boateng; Stephanie E. Plastina; Shane Cleary; Liuye Huang; Michaela Kucab; Stella Paterakis; Neil R. Brett; Nick Bellissimo. Test–retest reliability and validity of body composition methods in adults. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleJulia O. Totosy de Zepetnek, Jennifer J. Lee, Terence Boateng, Stephanie E. Plastina, Shane Cleary, Liuye Huang, Michaela Kucab, Stella Paterakis, Neil R. Brett, Nick Bellissimo. Test–retest reliability and validity of body composition methods in adults. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Jennifer J. Lee; Terence Boateng; Stephanie E. Plastina; Shane Cleary; Liuye Huang; Michaela Kucab; Stella Paterakis; Neil R. Brett; Nick Bellissimo. 2021. "Test–retest reliability and validity of body composition methods in adults." Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging , no. : 1.
Nicotine has been shown to decrease appetite, food intake (FI) and body weight, but the mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of this review was to examine research on the effects of nicotine on energy balance by exploring physiological mechanisms and hormone regulation related to FI, subjective appetite and energy expenditure (EE). We searched PubMed and MEDLINE, and included articles investigating the effects of nicotine on central appetite regulation, FI, leptin, peptide-YY (PYY), ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), adiponectin, cholecystokinin (CCK), orexin, and EE. A total of 65 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and review. Our findings suggest that the decrease in appetite and FI may be attributed to nicotinic alterations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) but the effect of nicotine on FI remains unclear. Furthermore, nicotine increases resting EE (REE) and physical activity EE (PAEE) in both smokers and non-smokers; and these increases may be a result of the catecholaminergic effect of nicotine. Decreases in body weight and appetite experienced by nicotine users results from increased EE and changes in the central hypothalamic regulation of appetite. There is not enough evidence to implicate a relationship between peripheral hormones and changes in appetite or FI after nicotine use. Although nicotine increases REE and PAEE, the effect of nicotine on other components of EE warrants further research. We conclude that further research evaluating the effect of nicotine on appetite hormones, FI and EE in humans is warranted.
Alexander Schwartz; Nick Bellissimo. Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure. Appetite 2021, 164, 105260 .
AMA StyleAlexander Schwartz, Nick Bellissimo. Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure. Appetite. 2021; 164 ():105260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexander Schwartz; Nick Bellissimo. 2021. "Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure." Appetite 164, no. : 105260.
Alexander Schwartz; Nick Bellissimo. Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure. 2021, 105260 .
AMA StyleAlexander Schwartz, Nick Bellissimo. Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure. . 2021; ():105260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexander Schwartz; Nick Bellissimo. 2021. "Nicotine and energy balance: A review examining the effect of nicotine on hormonal appetite regulation and energy expenditure." , no. : 105260.
Dairy snacks are available in various physical forms and their consumption is linked to improved metabolic health. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dairy snacks of different physical forms on short-term food intake (FI), subjective appetite, and the stress hormone, cortisol, in children. Following a repeated-measures crossover design, 40 children aged 9–14 years randomly consumed 1 of 5 isoenergetic (180 kcal) snacks per study session. These snacks included solid (potato chips, cookies, and cheese), semi-solid (Greek yogurt), and fluid (2% fat milk) snacks. FI was measured 120 min after snack consumption. Subjective appetite was measured at 0 (immediately before the snack), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Salivary cortisol (n = 18) was measured after the Greek yogurt and cookie snacks at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. FI did not differ between snacks (P = 0.15). The Greek yogurt (P < 0.0001) and cheese (P = 0.0009) snacks reduced average appetite compared with the 2% fat milk snack. Salivary cortisol levels were not affected by snack (P = 0.84). This study demonstrates that dairy snacks are as effective as other popular snacks at influencing subsequent FI. However, solid and semi-solid dairy snacks are more effective at repressing subjective appetite than a fluid dairy snack. Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02484625). Novelty: Milk, Greek yogurt and cheese have a similar effect on short-term food intake in children as popular potato chips and cookie snacks. Solid, semi-solid and liquid snacks have a similar effect on short-term food intake in children.
Brandon J.F. Gheller; Athena C. Li; Mary E. Gheller; Tove Armstrong; Erik Vandenboer; Nick Bellissimo; Younes Anini; Jill Hamilton; Fernando Nunes; Rebecca C. Mollard; G. Harvey Anderson; Bohdan L. Luhovyy. The effect of dairy products and non-dairy snacks on food intake, subjective appetite and cortisol levels in children: a randomized control study. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleBrandon J.F. Gheller, Athena C. Li, Mary E. Gheller, Tove Armstrong, Erik Vandenboer, Nick Bellissimo, Younes Anini, Jill Hamilton, Fernando Nunes, Rebecca C. Mollard, G. Harvey Anderson, Bohdan L. Luhovyy. The effect of dairy products and non-dairy snacks on food intake, subjective appetite and cortisol levels in children: a randomized control study. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrandon J.F. Gheller; Athena C. Li; Mary E. Gheller; Tove Armstrong; Erik Vandenboer; Nick Bellissimo; Younes Anini; Jill Hamilton; Fernando Nunes; Rebecca C. Mollard; G. Harvey Anderson; Bohdan L. Luhovyy. 2021. "The effect of dairy products and non-dairy snacks on food intake, subjective appetite and cortisol levels in children: a randomized control study." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism , no. : 1-8.
Public compliance with social distancing is key to containing COVID-19, yet there is a lack of knowledge on which communication ‘messages’ drive compliance. Respondents (224 Canadians and Americans) rated combinations of messages about compliance, systematically varied by an experimental design. Independent variables were perceived risk; the agent communicating the policy; specific social distancing practices; and methods to enforce compliance. Response patterns to each message suggest three mindset segments in each country reflecting how a person thinks. Two mindsets, the same in Canada and the US, were ‘tell me exactly what to do,’ and ‘pandemic onlookers.’ The third was ‘bow to authority’ in Canada, and ‘tell me how’ in the US. Each mindset showed different messages strongly driving compliance. To effectively use messaging about compliance, policy makers may assign any person or group in the population to the appropriate mindset segment by using a Personal Viewpoint Identifier that we developed.
Nick Bellissimo; Gillie Gabay; Attila Gere; Michaela Kucab; Howard Moskowitz. Containing COVID-19 by Matching Messages on Social Distancing to Emergent Mindsets—The Case of North America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8096 .
AMA StyleNick Bellissimo, Gillie Gabay, Attila Gere, Michaela Kucab, Howard Moskowitz. Containing COVID-19 by Matching Messages on Social Distancing to Emergent Mindsets—The Case of North America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (21):8096.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNick Bellissimo; Gillie Gabay; Attila Gere; Michaela Kucab; Howard Moskowitz. 2020. "Containing COVID-19 by Matching Messages on Social Distancing to Emergent Mindsets—The Case of North America." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8096.
Dietary protein affects energy balance by decreasing food intake (FI) and increasing energy expenditure through diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in adults. Our objective was to investigate the effects of increasing the dietary protein in an isocaloric breakfast on subjective appetite, FI, blood glucose, and DIT in 9–14 y children. Two randomized repeated measures designs were used. In experiment 1, 17 children (9 boys, 8 girls) consumed isocaloric meals (450 kcal) on four separate mornings containing: 7 g (control), 15 g (low protein, LP), 30 g (medium protein, MP) or 45 g (high protein, HP) of protein. Blood glucose and subjective appetite were measured at baseline and regular intervals for 4 h, and FI was measured at 4 h. In experiment 2, 9 children (6 boys, 3 girls) consumed the control or HP breakfast on two separate mornings, and both DIT and subjective appetite were determined over 5 h. In experiment 1, all dietary protein treatments suppressed subjective appetite compared to control (p< 0.001), and the HP breakfast suppressed FI compared with the LP breakfast and control (p< 0.05). In experiment 2, DIT was higher after HP than control (p< 0.05). In conclusion, increasing the dietary protein content of breakfast had favorable effects on satiety, FI, and DIT in children.
Nick Bellissimo; Tammy Fansabedian; Vincent Wong; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek; Neil Brett; Alexander Schwartz; Stephanie Cassin; Katherine Suitor; Dérick Rousseau. Effect of Increasing the Dietary Protein Content of Breakfast on Subjective Appetite, Short-Term Food Intake and Diet-Induced Thermogenesis in Children. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3025 .
AMA StyleNick Bellissimo, Tammy Fansabedian, Vincent Wong, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek, Neil Brett, Alexander Schwartz, Stephanie Cassin, Katherine Suitor, Dérick Rousseau. Effect of Increasing the Dietary Protein Content of Breakfast on Subjective Appetite, Short-Term Food Intake and Diet-Induced Thermogenesis in Children. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (10):3025.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNick Bellissimo; Tammy Fansabedian; Vincent Wong; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek; Neil Brett; Alexander Schwartz; Stephanie Cassin; Katherine Suitor; Dérick Rousseau. 2020. "Effect of Increasing the Dietary Protein Content of Breakfast on Subjective Appetite, Short-Term Food Intake and Diet-Induced Thermogenesis in Children." Nutrients 12, no. 10: 3025.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of white potato cooking methods on subjective appetite, short-term food intake (FI), and glycemic response in healthy older adults. Using a within-subject, repeated-measures design, 20 participants (age: 70.4 ± 0.6 y) completed, in random order, five treatment conditions: three potato treatments (baked potatoes, mashed potatoes, and French fries), an isocaloric control treatment (white bread), or a fasting condition (meal skipping). Subjective appetite and glycemic response were measured for 120 min using visual analogue scales and capillary blood samples, respectively. Lunch FI was measured with an ad libitum pizza meal at 120 min. Change from baseline subjective appetite (p< 0.001) and lunch FI (p< 0.001) were lower after all test treatments compared with meal skipping (p< 0.001), but did not differ among test treatments. Cumulative FI (test treatment + lunch FI) did not differ among treatment conditions. Blood glucose concentrations were higher after all test treatments compared with meal skipping (p< 0.001), but were not different from each other. In healthy older adults, white potatoes suppressed subjective appetite and lunch FI compared with meal skipping, suggesting white potatoes do not bypass regulatory control mechanisms of FI.
Nick Bellissimo; Robena Amalraj; Jennifer Lee; Neil Brett; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek; Sarah Proteau; Dérick Rousseau. Effect of White Potatoes on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Healthy Older Adults. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2606 .
AMA StyleNick Bellissimo, Robena Amalraj, Jennifer Lee, Neil Brett, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek, Sarah Proteau, Dérick Rousseau. Effect of White Potatoes on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Healthy Older Adults. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (9):2606.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNick Bellissimo; Robena Amalraj; Jennifer Lee; Neil Brett; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek; Sarah Proteau; Dérick Rousseau. 2020. "Effect of White Potatoes on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Healthy Older Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2606.
In the past few decades, several negative aspects of excess meat consumption have been identified, ranging broadly from health to environment to consumer rejections of meat analogs. At the same time, however, several new meat alternatives have emerged such as algae, insects, and cultured meat, which all present a sustainable option to reduce meat consumption. The paper assesses the psychology of the “everyday” for meat-free products, focusing on how consumers in two specific markets in the USA (California, New York) respond to messages about four specific topics involving meat-free products. These four are sensory characteristics, possible usage in products, health aspects, and environmental aspects, respectively. Each study with 100 or more respondents used experimental design of messages (Mind Genomics) to understand the degree to which the respondents reacted positively or negatively to the 16 messages in each of the four studies. The data suggest that focusing on the Total Panel or on geography, gender, or age will not reveal the dramatically different mind-sets existing in each of the four topics. We introduce the notion of the PVI, personal viewpoint identifier, to help the researcher uncover these mind-sets, and help communicate effectively with each mind-set about meat analogs or help recruit these individuals to participate in further studies.
Attila Gere; Ariola Harizi; Nick Bellissimo; Derek Roberts; Howard Moskowitz. Creating a Mind Genomics Wiki for Non-Meat Analogs. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5352 .
AMA StyleAttila Gere, Ariola Harizi, Nick Bellissimo, Derek Roberts, Howard Moskowitz. Creating a Mind Genomics Wiki for Non-Meat Analogs. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5352.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAttila Gere; Ariola Harizi; Nick Bellissimo; Derek Roberts; Howard Moskowitz. 2020. "Creating a Mind Genomics Wiki for Non-Meat Analogs." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5352.
Sedentary video game playing (VGP) and caloric preloads in the pre-meal environment have been shown to influence short-term food intake (FI) regulation in children. Other factors that may affect FI control include physical activity and/or heightened emotion. Therefore, we examined the effects of a glucose preload and 30 min of active VGP (aVGP) on subjective appetite, short-term FI, and subjective emotions in 9-14 year-old children. On four test mornings approximately one-week apart, twenty-seven children (sex: 15M, 12F; age: 11.3 ± 0.3 years; BMI percentile: 55.3 ± 6.1%) consumed a standardized breakfast two hours prior to consuming 250 mL of either a 50 g glucose preload or Sucralose® control. Following the preload, participants participated in 30 min of quiet sitting or aVGP. Energy expenditure was measured during aVGP via indirect calorimetry. FI from an ad libitum pizza meal was measured after each test condition. Subjective appetite and emotions were measured at baseline (0 min), during treatment (15min), and immediately before the test meal (30 min). aVGP did not affect FI, but the glucose preload decreased FI compared with the sucralose control (∆ = 157 kcal, <0.001). Although not statistically significant (p=0.12), caloric compensation was lower following the glucose preload in the aVGP condition. Subjective appetite increased with time, and was higher in the sucralose control + aVGP condition (p=0.05). Change from baseline subjective emotion scores of anger and excitement were higher (p=0.03) and lower (p=0.02) after aVGP, respectively. Neither short-term FI nor net energy balance were affected by low-intensity aVGP (energy expenditure of 34 kcal). These findings suggest that a short bout of low-intensity aVGP does not alter energy balance during the study measurement period, and may not support achieving or maintaining healthy weights in children. However, future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm such advice.
Melissa Baker; Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Branka Gladanac; Kerry Miller; Melissa Da Silva; Monika Constantino; Melissa Rossiter; Jo Welch; Nick Bellissimo. Pre-meal active video game playing increased subjective appetite but not food intake in children and adolescents. Physiology & Behavior 2020, 222, 112931 .
AMA StyleMelissa Baker, Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek, Branka Gladanac, Kerry Miller, Melissa Da Silva, Monika Constantino, Melissa Rossiter, Jo Welch, Nick Bellissimo. Pre-meal active video game playing increased subjective appetite but not food intake in children and adolescents. Physiology & Behavior. 2020; 222 ():112931.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMelissa Baker; Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Branka Gladanac; Kerry Miller; Melissa Da Silva; Monika Constantino; Melissa Rossiter; Jo Welch; Nick Bellissimo. 2020. "Pre-meal active video game playing increased subjective appetite but not food intake in children and adolescents." Physiology & Behavior 222, no. : 112931.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess knowledge and perceptions related to carbohydrates, including sugars, among Canadian nutrition-major undergraduates compared to those enrolled in elective nutrition courses (i.e., “nutrition-elective students”). Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were distributed during class time at eight Canadian universities, which included 32 questions on demographics, knowledge and perceptions of carbohydrates and sugars. Descriptive analyses were performed. Differences between groups were tested by Chi-squared statistics. Results: A total of 1207 students (60% nutrition-majors) participated in the survey (January 2016–February 2017). Internet-based sources accounted for one-third of the sources where students obtained nutrition information. About 61% of internet-bases sources were “online” or “website” with no qualifiers, and about a quarter was from social media. A higher percentage of nutrition-majors correctly answered knowledge questions of carbohydrates compared with nutrition-elective students (p < 0.01); no difference was observed for sugars-related knowledge questions. The perceptions of sugars were generally negative and did not differ between groups. Conclusions: Several knowledge gaps and common perceptions on topics related to carbohydrates and sugars were identified; nutrition-major students performed better than nutrition-elective students on carbohydrate knowledge questions, but not sugars. These results highlight the importance of identifying methods to help students bridge knowledge gaps and develop skills to critically evaluate nutrition information from various resources and challenge personal biases.
Ye (Flora) Wang; Nick Bellissimo; David D. Kitts; Huguette Turgeon O’Brien; W. L. David Ma; Miyoung Suh; Bohdan Luhovyy; Chiara DiAngelo; Laura Pasut; Sandra Marsden; Mei Chung; Anil Gurcan. Knowledge and Perceptions of Carbohydrates among Nutrition-Major and Nutrition-Elective Undergraduate Students in Canada. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2020, 40, 164 -171.
AMA StyleYe (Flora) Wang, Nick Bellissimo, David D. Kitts, Huguette Turgeon O’Brien, W. L. David Ma, Miyoung Suh, Bohdan Luhovyy, Chiara DiAngelo, Laura Pasut, Sandra Marsden, Mei Chung, Anil Gurcan. Knowledge and Perceptions of Carbohydrates among Nutrition-Major and Nutrition-Elective Undergraduate Students in Canada. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2020; 40 (2):164-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYe (Flora) Wang; Nick Bellissimo; David D. Kitts; Huguette Turgeon O’Brien; W. L. David Ma; Miyoung Suh; Bohdan Luhovyy; Chiara DiAngelo; Laura Pasut; Sandra Marsden; Mei Chung; Anil Gurcan. 2020. "Knowledge and Perceptions of Carbohydrates among Nutrition-Major and Nutrition-Elective Undergraduate Students in Canada." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 40, no. 2: 164-171.
In adults, dairy consumption improves short-term blood glucose regulation. It is unknown if these short-term benefits extend to children of different weight statuses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a dairy and nondairy snack in both normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children on blood glucose regulation and food intake (FI). In a repeated-measures crossover design, 11 NW and 7 OW/OB children (age: 9–14 years), consumed, in random order, a dairy (Greek yogurt, 198.9 g, 171 kcal, 0 g fat, 17 g protein) or nondairy (mini sandwich-type cookies, 37.5 g, 175 kcal, 7.5 g fat, 1.3 g protein) snack containing 25 g of available carbohydrates. Ad libitum FI was measured 120 min after snack consumption. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured at 0 min (before the snack), and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after snack consumption. Insulin secretion was calculated from deconvolution of C-peptide. Hepatic insulin extraction was calculated as C-peptide divided by insulin. FI did not differ between snacks (P = 0.55). Mean blood glucose was lower (P < 0.001) and insulin higher (P < 0.0001) in the 120 min after consuming the dairy snack. C-Peptide concentrations (P = 0.75) and insulin secretion (P = 0.37) were not different between snacks. The increase in insulin was explained by reduced hepatic insulin extraction (P < 0.01). Consumption of the dairy snack also increased mean GLP-1 concentrations (P < 0.001). In conclusion, consumption of a dairy snack by NW and OW/OB children results in reduced postprandial blood glucose concentrations and elevated circulating insulin compared with a nondairy snack possibly because of delayed hepatic insulin extraction.
Brandon J.F. Gheller; Mary Gheller; Athena Li; Fernando Nunes; Younes Anini; N. Theresa Glanville; Nick Bellissimo; Jill K. Hamilton; G. Harvey Anderson; Bohdan L. Luhovyy; Theresa Glanville. Effect of dairy and nondairy snacks on postprandial blood glucose regulation in 9–14-year-old children. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2019, 44, 1073 -1080.
AMA StyleBrandon J.F. Gheller, Mary Gheller, Athena Li, Fernando Nunes, Younes Anini, N. Theresa Glanville, Nick Bellissimo, Jill K. Hamilton, G. Harvey Anderson, Bohdan L. Luhovyy, Theresa Glanville. Effect of dairy and nondairy snacks on postprandial blood glucose regulation in 9–14-year-old children. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2019; 44 (10):1073-1080.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrandon J.F. Gheller; Mary Gheller; Athena Li; Fernando Nunes; Younes Anini; N. Theresa Glanville; Nick Bellissimo; Jill K. Hamilton; G. Harvey Anderson; Bohdan L. Luhovyy; Theresa Glanville. 2019. "Effect of dairy and nondairy snacks on postprandial blood glucose regulation in 9–14-year-old children." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 10: 1073-1080.
Lack of time, financial issues, and stressful clinical and educational environments in nursing studies promote higher intakes of convenience and fast foods loaded with fat and sugar, which are linked to reduced mental and physical health. In this study, we examined the dietary patterns of nursing students and their associated sociodemographic factors to inform the development of future health-promotion interventions. A total of 548 Bachelor of Nursing students were invited to complete a survey. Associations were explored using χ2 and logistic regression. Three dietary patterns were identified: healthy (fruit, vegetables, and legumes), Western (loaded with fat, sugar, and salt), and unbalanced. Only 21% of participants were classified as following a healthy dietary pattern, and more likely to be older (>35 years old) and have a personal annual income between $AUD20 000-$59 999 and $60 000-$99 999. Students with one to two and three or more children were more likely to follow a Western dietary pattern. There is a need to develop interventions to improve the dietary behaviors of nursing students by health-promoting activities and the provision of online health resources.
Susan L Williams; Corneel Vandelanotte; Christopher Irwin; Nick Bellissimo; Penny Heidke; Sonia Saluja; Amornrat Saito; Saman Khalesi. Association between dietary patterns and sociodemographics: A cross‐sectional study of Australian nursing students. Nursing & Health Sciences 2019, 22, 38 -48.
AMA StyleSusan L Williams, Corneel Vandelanotte, Christopher Irwin, Nick Bellissimo, Penny Heidke, Sonia Saluja, Amornrat Saito, Saman Khalesi. Association between dietary patterns and sociodemographics: A cross‐sectional study of Australian nursing students. Nursing & Health Sciences. 2019; 22 (1):38-48.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusan L Williams; Corneel Vandelanotte; Christopher Irwin; Nick Bellissimo; Penny Heidke; Sonia Saluja; Amornrat Saito; Saman Khalesi. 2019. "Association between dietary patterns and sociodemographics: A cross‐sectional study of Australian nursing students." Nursing & Health Sciences 22, no. 1: 38-48.
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the association of low-carbohydrate-diet score with overweight, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian women. Methods: In healthy Iranian women 20-50 years, demographics, anthropometrics, physical activity, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and dietary intake (using a validated food frequency questionnaire) were assessed. Participants were divided into deciles of macronutrient intakes. Women in the lowest decile of carbohydrate intake received a score of 9 and women in the highest decile received a score of 0. For protein and fat intakes, women in the lowest decile received a score of 0 for that macronutrient and those in the highest decile received the score of 9. Macronutrient scores were summed to create the low-carbohydrate diet score and women were grouped into tertiles based on these scores. Continuous and qualitative variables were compared among the low-carbohydrate-diet score by one-way ANOVA and chi-square test, respectively. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of low-carbohydrate-diet score and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: A total of 209 women were included in the study. Socioeconomic status significantly increased from tertile 1 to 3 of the low-carbohydrate diet score (P = 0.02). Total dietary glycemic index (GI) significantly differed among tertiles (tertile 1 GI: 63.1 ±0.50, tertile 2 GI: 61.9 ± 0.5, tertile 3 GI: 59.5 ± 0.5; P < 0.001). The odds ratios for overweight, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors were not significantly different among the tertiles of low-carbohydrate diet score. Conclusion: In Iranian women, diets lower in carbohydrate and higher in protein and fat were not associated with overweight, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors.
Soudeh Jafari-Maram; Elnaz Daneshzad; Neil R. Brett; Nick Bellissimo; Leila Azadbakht. Association of low-carbohydrate diet score with overweight, obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Iranian women. Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 2019, 11, 216 -223.
AMA StyleSoudeh Jafari-Maram, Elnaz Daneshzad, Neil R. Brett, Nick Bellissimo, Leila Azadbakht. Association of low-carbohydrate diet score with overweight, obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Iranian women. Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research. 2019; 11 (3):216-223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoudeh Jafari-Maram; Elnaz Daneshzad; Neil R. Brett; Nick Bellissimo; Leila Azadbakht. 2019. "Association of low-carbohydrate diet score with overweight, obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors: a cross-sectional study in Iranian women." Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 11, no. 3: 216-223.
It is unclear whether sugar sweetened beverages bypass regulatory controls of food intake (FI) in boys. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of isovolumetric preloads (350 mL) of a fruit-flavoured drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% M.F. chocolate milk (224 kcal), and water (0 kcal) on subjective appetite and FI in boys aged 9–14 years. On four separate mornings, boys consumed one of the preloads in a random order; subjective appetite was measured at 15 min intervals, and FI was measured via an ad libitum pizza lunch at 60 min post-beverage consumption. In the 32 boys (age: 11.8 ± 0.3 years), FI was reduced (p < 0.001) after cola (940 ± 46 kcal) and chocolate milk (878 ± 41 kcal) compared with the water control (1048 ± 35 kcal) and after chocolate milk compared to the fruit drink (1005 ± 44 kcal). Cumulative FI after the fruit drink was greater than the water control (1159 ± 44 vs. 1048 ± 35 kcal; p = 0.03). Average appetite was not affected by the treatment, but the cola treatment resulted in greater fullness (p = 0.04) and lower prospective food consumption (p = 0.004) compared with the fruit drink. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola suppressed next-meal FI at 60 min, while fruit drink increased cumulative FI (beverage + next meal) over 60 min in boys. Results from this study suggest that beverage composition is an important determinant of FI suppression in boys.
Kelly L. Poirier; Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek; Lorianne J. Bennett; Neil R. Brett; Terence Boateng; Alexander Schwartz; Bohdan L. Luhovyy; Nick Bellissimo. Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Boys. Nutrients 2019, 11, 270 .
AMA StyleKelly L. Poirier, Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek, Lorianne J. Bennett, Neil R. Brett, Terence Boateng, Alexander Schwartz, Bohdan L. Luhovyy, Nick Bellissimo. Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Boys. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (2):270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKelly L. Poirier; Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek; Lorianne J. Bennett; Neil R. Brett; Terence Boateng; Alexander Schwartz; Bohdan L. Luhovyy; Nick Bellissimo. 2019. "Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Boys." Nutrients 11, no. 2: 270.
Endothelial dysfunction can promote atherosclerosis pathogenesis. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine the effects of walnut consumption on peripheral endothelial function (EF) in adults. PUBMED, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify studies up to August 2017. Eligible studies conducted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of walnut consumption compared with a control on EF. Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported as summary statistics. Standard methods were used for assessment of heterogeneity, meta-regression, sensitivity analysis and publication bias. Five studies comprising a total of 323 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed a significant increase in EF after walnut consumption (SMD: 0.40%; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.62; p < 0.001) with no evidence of heterogeneity across studies. Sensitivity analysis showed that the effect size was robust and not sensitive to any single study. Meta-regression did not indicate any significant association for an increase in EF after walnut consumption with dose of treatment, duration of treatment, or baseline EF. The available evidence from RCTs suggests there may be a clinically relevant effect of walnut consumption on EF.
Mohsen Mohammadi-Sartang; Nick Bellissimo; Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Hadi Bazyar; Marzieh Mahmoodi; Zohreh Mazloom. Effects of walnuts consumption on vascular endothelial function in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 2018, 28, 52 -58.
AMA StyleMohsen Mohammadi-Sartang, Nick Bellissimo, Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek, Hadi Bazyar, Marzieh Mahmoodi, Zohreh Mazloom. Effects of walnuts consumption on vascular endothelial function in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. 2018; 28 ():52-58.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohsen Mohammadi-Sartang; Nick Bellissimo; Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Hadi Bazyar; Marzieh Mahmoodi; Zohreh Mazloom. 2018. "Effects of walnuts consumption on vascular endothelial function in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 28, no. : 52-58.
Dietary pattern changes, as a part of a healthy lifestyle, may improve weight management. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of midmorning puree snacks varying in macronutrient composition and energy content on subjective appetite, food intake, and glycemic and insulin responses in healthy adults. In a randomized, repeated measures crossover design, 6 treatments (snack skipping and purees: control [186 kcal], maltodextrin [272 kcal], whey protein [201 kcal], oat [276 kcal], and coconut oil [276 kcal]) were administered to 23 normal weight adults (n = 14 males, n = 9 females). Subjective appetite, blood glucose, and insulin responses were measured at regular intervals for 2 hours immediately followed by an ad libitum pizza lunch. In vitro digestion experiments were conducted to corroborate results of the human trial. Compared to snack skipping, all snack treatments similarly reduced subjective average appetite (net area under the curve), but only oat (p < 0.032) and coconut oil (p < 0.031) purees significantly decreased test meal food intake. However, caloric compensation did not differ among snack treatments (p < 0.73). Both blood glucose (incremental area under the curve [iAUC]; p < 0.0001) and serum insulin (iAUC; p < 0.0001) were affected by treatment. A positive correlation was found between blood glucose iAUC and in vitro glucose release (r = 0.993, p < 0.0001). The release of free fatty acids (FFAs) was sustained, and oats were difficult to disintegrate during in vitro digestion. Compared with snack skipping, coconut oil and oat puree snacks suppressed short-term food intake, which was likely due to the sustained release of FFA and slowly digestible oats, respectively. Our in vitro digestion model predicted the relative differences in the glycemic response in vivo.
Qing Guo; Julia Totosy De Zepetnek; Jennifer Chang; Julia Hayden; Stephen J. Crozier; Gagan Mongia; Dérick Rousseau; Nick Bellissimo. Effect of Midmorning Puree Snacks on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic and Insulin Responses in Healthy Adults. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2018, 37, 1 -11.
AMA StyleQing Guo, Julia Totosy De Zepetnek, Jennifer Chang, Julia Hayden, Stephen J. Crozier, Gagan Mongia, Dérick Rousseau, Nick Bellissimo. Effect of Midmorning Puree Snacks on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic and Insulin Responses in Healthy Adults. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2018; 37 (8):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQing Guo; Julia Totosy De Zepetnek; Jennifer Chang; Julia Hayden; Stephen J. Crozier; Gagan Mongia; Dérick Rousseau; Nick Bellissimo. 2018. "Effect of Midmorning Puree Snacks on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic and Insulin Responses in Healthy Adults." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 37, no. 8: 1-11.
Background: The effect of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on satiety and short-term food intake (FI) regulation in girls has received little attention. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of pre-meal consumption of commercially available SSBs on subjective appetite and short-term FI in 9–14-year-old girls. The methods we used include using a randomized crossover design in which 28 girls consumed isovolumetric amounts (350 mL) of a fruit drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% chocolate milk (224 kcal), or water (control; 0 kcal) on four separate mornings. Subjective appetite and thirst were measured at regular intervals via visual analogue scales (VAS) and FI was assessed at 60 min post-beverage consumption. The results show that subjective appetite and thirst decreased after all beverages, but did not differ among beverages. Short-term FI was suppressed following consumption of chocolate milk (15%; p < 0.001) and cola (11%; p = 0.02) compared to the water control. However, cumulative energy intake (beverage (kcal) + test meal (kcal)) was not affected by beverage type. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola, but not fruit drink, suppressed FI in girls while cumulative FI did not differ among treatments.
Lorianne J. Bennett; Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek; Neil R. Brett; Kelly Poirier; Qing Guo; Dérick Rousseau; Nick Bellissimo; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek. Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Girls. Nutrients 2018, 10, 394 .
AMA StyleLorianne J. Bennett, Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek, Neil R. Brett, Kelly Poirier, Qing Guo, Dérick Rousseau, Nick Bellissimo, Julia Totosy de Zepetnek. Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Girls. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (4):394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLorianne J. Bennett; Julia O. Totosy De Zepetnek; Neil R. Brett; Kelly Poirier; Qing Guo; Dérick Rousseau; Nick Bellissimo; Julia Totosy de Zepetnek. 2018. "Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Girls." Nutrients 10, no. 4: 394.
Objective It has been reported that television (TV) viewing is associated with childhood obesity in Western countries. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between obesity and eating habits while watching TV among primary-school children in the Middle East. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Children were recruited from primary schools of four educational districts in Shiraz, Iran. Anthropometric indices of mass (kg) and height (m) were measured, and BMI (percentile) was calculated. Demographic characteristics, TV viewing behaviours and physical activity data were collected from parents during face-to-face interviews and a 3d dietary record was completed. Subject Children (n607) aged 6–10 years. Results Mean (sd) age of children was 8·16 (1·37) years, of whom 9·1 and 8·4 % were overweight and obese, respectively. Children who spent ≥2 h watching TV on weekdays (OR=1·99; 95 % CI 1·09, 3·60) and weekend days (OR=1·86; 95 % CI 1·01, 3·43) had higher odds of being obese, even after adjusting for physical activity. Children who ate breakfast while watching TV had higher odds of being overweightv. those who did not watch TV while eating breakfast (OR=2·70; 95 % CI 1·02, 7·60). There were no associations between TV viewing during other meals (lunch and dinner) and overweight/obesity. Conclusions TV viewing for ≥2 h daily increases the risk of being obese in Iranian children aged 6–10 years, independent of physical activity. Further, breakfast consumption while watching TV may increase the risk of overweight/obesity, independent of total TV viewing time.
Saeed Ghobadi; Julia O Totosy De Zepetnek; Zeinab Hemmatdar; Nick Bellissimo; Reza Barati; Hoda Ahmadnia; Mohammad Salehi-Marzijarani; Shiva Faghih. Association between overweight/obesity and eating habits while watching television among primary-school children in the city of Shiraz, Iran. Public Health Nutrition 2017, 21, 571 -579.
AMA StyleSaeed Ghobadi, Julia O Totosy De Zepetnek, Zeinab Hemmatdar, Nick Bellissimo, Reza Barati, Hoda Ahmadnia, Mohammad Salehi-Marzijarani, Shiva Faghih. Association between overweight/obesity and eating habits while watching television among primary-school children in the city of Shiraz, Iran. Public Health Nutrition. 2017; 21 (03):571-579.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaeed Ghobadi; Julia O Totosy De Zepetnek; Zeinab Hemmatdar; Nick Bellissimo; Reza Barati; Hoda Ahmadnia; Mohammad Salehi-Marzijarani; Shiva Faghih. 2017. "Association between overweight/obesity and eating habits while watching television among primary-school children in the city of Shiraz, Iran." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 03: 571-579.
Qing Guo; Nick Bellissimo; Dérick Rousseau. Role of gel structure in controlling in vitro intestinal lipid digestion in whey protein emulsion gels. Food Hydrocolloids 2017, 69, 264 -272.
AMA StyleQing Guo, Nick Bellissimo, Dérick Rousseau. Role of gel structure in controlling in vitro intestinal lipid digestion in whey protein emulsion gels. Food Hydrocolloids. 2017; 69 ():264-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQing Guo; Nick Bellissimo; Dérick Rousseau. 2017. "Role of gel structure in controlling in vitro intestinal lipid digestion in whey protein emulsion gels." Food Hydrocolloids 69, no. : 264-272.
Julia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Kerry Miller; Melissa Da Silva; Nick Bellissimo. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Short-duration Exercise On Glycemic Response And Subjective Appetite In Young Boys. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2017, 49, 986 .
AMA StyleJulia O. Totosy de Zepetnek, Kerry Miller, Melissa Da Silva, Nick Bellissimo. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Short-duration Exercise On Glycemic Response And Subjective Appetite In Young Boys. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2017; 49 (5S):986.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia O. Totosy de Zepetnek; Kerry Miller; Melissa Da Silva; Nick Bellissimo. 2017. "Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Short-duration Exercise On Glycemic Response And Subjective Appetite In Young Boys." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S: 986.