This paper explores the transformative potential of AI-driven personalized learning in enhancing professional development and training programs. As the workforce landscape rapidly changes, the demand for tailored and engaging learning experiences has become increasingly evident. This paper presents a comprehensive framework that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to determine suitable learning theories and strategies for individual learners, thus promoting higher learner engagement and skill acquisition. Through analysing learner data, preferences, and performance, AI algorithms enable the customization of training content, delivery methods, and assessment strategies. This study builds a design space with three axes to situate and position AI-Driven Personalized Learning in the larger research field of professional development and training. This paper presents a comprehensive review of existing literature using the PRISMA systematic review methodology to explore the transformative potential of AI-driven personalized learning on professional development and training. The analysis showcases the potential of AI-driven personalized learning to revolutionize the learning process, catering to individual learner needs, preferences, and pace. By embracing this framework, organizations can foster a culture of continuous learning, empowering professionals to thrive in a dynamic and evolving professional landscape.

Entrepreneurship is considered one of the key factors in facilitating a company’s pursuit of sustainable development. The findings of this study can help firms improve their entrepreneurial capacity and highlight its significance for sustainable development; therefore, the levels of entrepreneurship serve as indicators of the potentials of enterprises to achieve sustainable development goals. The existing literature has explored whether there are differences in the approaches between family and non-family firms as well as in their levels of entrepreneurship. Contributing to this ongoing debate, this article aims to compare the levels of entrepreneurship between these two types of companies in a selected small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector. The analysis encompasses eight dimensions of entrepreneurship: risk-taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, inter-organizational cooperation, competitiveness, diversification, flexibility, and digitalization. This study was conducted on a sample of 145 small printing companies that operated in Poland in 2023. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that family firms exhibited a higher level of entrepreneurship when treated as a multidimensional construct. Moreover, family firms outperformed non-family firms across all of the analyzed dimensions, with statistically significant differences being observed in four dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, diversification, and competitiveness. This study confirmed the existing indications in the literature that family firms demonstrated higher levels of entrepreneurship, which may suggest their greater potential in pursuing sustainable development. The novelty of this research lies in its multidimensional approach, which offers a comprehensive analysis that integrates eight dimensions of entrepreneurship. This allowed for a deeper understanding of entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes when highlighting the unique characteristics of family and non-family firms. The findings are particularly relevant for the owners and managers of family and non-family businesses; they provide tools for diagnosing entrepreneurship levels in a more comprehensive manner and applying tailored management practices for addressing areas that require improvement. One limitation of this study is its focus on a single sector; this may have affected the generalizability of the results. Future research could explore governance and ownership structures when analyzing entrepreneurial dimensions—particularly in the context of family firms.

An unprecedented surge in digital payments has had a profound effect on the economic development of developing nations. This transition has enabled greater financial inclusion through the provision of banking services to populations that were previously marginalised. In addition, it has reduced reliance on physical currency, thereby improving security and transparency. This bibliometric analysis examines the research on digital payments in Malaysia and Poland, providing a comparative perspective on research patterns and contributions in these two countries. Furthermore, this study offers a comprehensive examination of the research environment in Malaysia and Poland, elucidating the distinct approaches, methodology, and areas of emphasis in each nation. These findings provide useful insights for those interested in championing digital payment initiatives, as well as contributing to a more robust and resilient digital payment framework. As digital payment ecosystems mature, their significance in altering the economic landscape of emerging countries is likely to become more evident in facilitating cross-border knowledge exchange and collaboration.

The goal of the paper is to compare technology transfer centers in Poland and Malaysia. Therefore, the authors decided to use the comparative analysis method. The findings show that technology transfer and commercialization efforts both in Poland and Malaysia are on the right track. This demonstrates the universities’ persistent dedication to turning research and innovative ideas into concrete products, as seen by the university’s sustained growth in total product commercialization. It emphasizes the critical role that they play in promoting technological transfers, particularly for SMEs. The paper contributes to the macroeconomics theory in the area of public policy. Furthermore, it also provides insights into the theory of incentives, particularly in the field of non-financial support. The findings could be of interest to policymakers on macro and micro levels.

Background This analysis compares SME digitalization research in Malaysia and Poland, providing a comprehensive comparative overview of research trends and contributions in both countries. The study emphasizes how digital technologies drive innovation and improve organizational performance, urging SMEs to seize strategic opportunities for sustainable growth through digitalization. Methods A bibliometric analysis was employed by leveraging the open-source Lens.org database yielding 162 entries for Malaysia and 42 for Poland, employing specific terminologies associated with digitalization and SMEs. The analysis was enhanced through the utilization of VOSviewer, a software tool available at VOSviewer.com, alongside Lens.org. Both tools facilitated an in-depth exploration of the selected studies. Result Results indicate a marked difference in publication volumes between Malaysia and Poland, suggesting underlying factors contributing to these disparities. Malaysia's leading position in publishing can be attributed to its expansive and diverse research community, potentially indicating increased research funding facilitating a greater volume of studies. Additionally, Malaysia's extensive research interests highlight a robust academic and scientific environment across various fields of study. Conclusions These findings furnish valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and industry practitioners in designing strategies and initiatives to fortify SMEs in their digitalization campaigns, with a keen awareness of the regional variations. Understanding these investigation patterns is of crucial importance for fostering sustained growth and innovation in SMEs and facilitating cross-border knowledge exchange and collaboration.