A novel actinomycete, designated strain HC44^T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Hacibektaş, Turkey, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Streptomyces . Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that HC44^T clustered with members of the genus Streptomyces and the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values were obtained with Streptomyces vastus NBRC 13094^T (97.6 %) and Streptomyces kalpinensis TRM 46509^T (96.9 %). Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five housekeeping genes (atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and trpB) showed that the MLSA evolutionary distance value was 0.043 between strain HC44^T and S. vastus NBRC 13094^T. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained ll-diaminopimelic acid, glucose, mannose and ribose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H₆) and MK-9(H₈). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The DNA G+C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 11.2 Mbp, was 69.8 mol%. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic evidence, strain HC44^T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces , for which the name Streptomyces scabichelini sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HC44^T (=DSM 106874^T=KCTC 39872^T).

An actinobacterium, designated 14C53T, was isolated from a soil sample on basaltic material from Samsun, Turkey. The growth ranges for NaCl concentration and pH of strain 14C53T were quite limited and the growth temperature range of the strain was 20–37 °C, with an optimum at 28 °C. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14C53T was most closely related to Actinomadura geliboluensis A8036T (98.5 % similarity value), but in the phylogenetic tree, it formed a clade with Actinomadura alkaliterrae D310AT. The genome tree revealed a close relationship between the strain and Actinomadura pelletieri DSM 43383T. However, the digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain 14C53T with Actinomadura geliboluensis A8036T and Actinomadura pelletieri DSM 43383T were 28.6–30.2 % and 84.3–85.5 %, respectively, and comparative analyses based on the genome sequences demonstrated that it represents a novel species of the genus Actinomadura . The genome size of strain 14C53T was approximately 9.0 Mb and the genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 71.3 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain 14C53T were C16 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Strain 14C53T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Based on evidence collected from the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species Actinomadura soli sp. nov. is proposed, with 14C53T (=DSM 104447T=KCTC 39878T) as the type strain.

Actinomycetes are known to produce a vast array of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential therapeutic applications, including antimicrobials, anticancer agents, and enzyme inhibitors. Among these, members of the genus Nonomuraea have received much attention due to their broad ecological importance in nutrient cycling in soil and their ability to produce new bioactive compounds. A novel actinomycetes, designated strain M3C6^T, was isolated from soil samples collected on Marmara Island, located in the Istanbul province, aiming to explore the microbial diversity of unexplored habitats, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The isolate showed chemotaxonomic and morphological features consistent with members of the genus Nonomuraea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain M3C6^T shared the highest similarity, at 98.7% sequence identity, to Nonomuraea basaltis 160415^T and Nonomuraea turkmeniaca DSM 43926^T. However, the ANI and dDDH values between strain M3C6^T and these reference strains were fairly low, ranging from 84.0 to 84.6% and 31.8 to 33.7%, respectively, below the generally accepted cutoffs for ANI and DDH that delineate different prokaryotic species. Genomic analysis of strain M3C6^T showed that it had a genome size of 10.38 Mbp and a DNA G+C content of 69.5 mol%. Based on these chemotaxonomic, phenotypic, and genomic data, strain M3C6^T is classified as a novel species within the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea marmarensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M3C6^T (= KCTC 49983^T = CGMCC 4.8035^T). Genomic analyses confirmed the high potential of M3C6^T to produce specialized secondary metabolites.

Canlılık, mikroskobik bir hücrenin karmaşık mekanizmalarından gezegen ölçeğindeki ekosistemlerin dengesine kadar uzanan kesintisiz bir bütündür. "Yaşamın Bütünlüğü: Genel Biyoloji ve Uzmanlık Alanları", biyolojinin temel ilkelerini güncel uzmanlık alanlarıyla harmanlayarak, canlılar dünyasını en temel düzeyden en karmaşık ekolojik etkileşimlere kadar geniş bir yelpazede ele alıyor. Bu eser; evrimsel adaptasyonlardan biyoteknolojik devrimlere, sulak alan ekolojisinden moleküler tanı yöntemlerine kadar biyolojinin en dinamik disiplinlerini bir araya getiriyor. Akademisyenler, araştırmacılar ve biyolojik bilimler alanında derinleşmek isteyen tüm öğrenciler için referans niteliğinde hazırlanan bu kitap; yaşamın karmaşık dokusunu anlamak ve geleceğin çevresel ile biyoteknolojik sorunlarına yanıt aramak için rehber bir kaynak sunuyor. "Doğayı anlamak, yaşamın bütünlüğünü kavramakla başlar."

Actinobacteria, known as producers of bioactive compounds, also help enhance plant growth through nitrogen fixation, ammonia, siderophore, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, and phytopathogen suppression. In this study, antimicrobial activity and the plant growth-promoting potentials of 34 Actinobacteria isolated from the Kula Geopark were investigated. Among these isolates, eight members of Amycolatopsis (KG3, KH8, KH9, KR1, KR2, KR3, KR6, KR12) performed ammonia production, nitrogen fixation, IAA production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production, while also exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity against eight different pathogens. Additionally, five isolates of the genus Kribbella (KS52, KS86, KS88, KS95, KS96) performed ammonia production, nitrogen fixation, IAA production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. The Actinomadura sp. KS37 isolate, which was identified for its siderophore production, is also one of the two isolates that exhibit the broadest microbial activity spectrum, showing inhibition zones against nine pathogens. Another isolate with a broad spectrum, Micromonospora sp. KC97 demonstrated antimicrobial activity against nine pathogens. These findings indicate that the Actinobacteria from Kula Geopark have significant potential for promoting plant growth (PGP) and exhibiting antimicrobial activity.

Actinobacteria are one of the most frequently studied prokaryotic groups within the Bacteria domain. In this study, soil samples collected from the islands of Burgazada, Büyükada, Gökçeada, Heybeliada, and Kınalıada were used to isolate, identify, and analyze the phylogeny of Actinobacteria. For the isolation studies, three different isolation methods and 11 different selective media were employed. As a result, a total of 103 bacterial strains were isolated. The molecular identification of the isolated strains was conducted using 16S rRNA gene region sequence analyses. These analyses revealed that the isolates belonged to 12 different genera within the Actinobacteria phylum. Comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the isolates with their closest relatives in the EzBioCloud database indicated a sequence similarity ranging between 95.76% and 100%. The isolation studies demonstrated that the standard dilution plate method was more effective for isolating both diverse genera and potential novel species. The data obtained through this method showed that 22 of the isolated strains, belonging to 8 different genera, have the potential to represent novel species. In conclusion, this study highlights that island soils are an important source for the discovery of new Actinobacteria species. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance of such isolation studies in uncovering the rich biotechnological potential of Actinobacteria.