Biochar increases crop yield, soil reliability, and carbon sequestration. This study examined how biochar affected soil properties and tomato yield in saline soil. The experiment was conducted in areas surrounding Khulna Agricultural University and in farmers’ fields close to Khulna, Bangladesh. The experiment’s layout was a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Tomato cultivation with eight treatments and three replications used biochar with the recommended fertilizer dose (RFD). Using biochar in saline soil significantly influenced tomato growth and yield character. Days after planting, plant height was dramatically impacted by various biochar treatment levels. The height of tomato plants ranged from 65.38 to 46.37 cm, yielding 49.23 tons per hectare. The experiments used biochar treatments to grow more tomatoes than traditional fertilizers and a control treatment. Compared with control treatments, biochar also changed the properties of salty soil after it was harvested. The soil’s pH is 6.51 and its particle density is highest at 2.65. The control treatments had the highest EC value, which was 2800, and the biochar application treatments had the lowest EC values. At 100 s/cm, the EC value made the soil 0.6 ppt saltier in the control treatment without biochar, but adding biochar made the soil 0.1 ppt less salty. The percentages of carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter were also the highest that they had been (1.88%, 1.073%, and 2.58%, respectively). The phosphorus concentration in the soil was 19.47 g/g after harvesting. The majority of K and S values used to treat salty soils are interchangeable. Significant changes in tomato growth, yield, and soil properties occurred when biochar was combined with recommended fertilizer doses and applied to saline soil for tomato cultivation.

The aim of the experiment is to study in vitro regeneration efficiency of international potato center (CIP)-bred salt tolerant potato genotypes under salt stress condition and to identify effective potato genotype(s) for saline belt areas of Bangladesh. An in vitro shoot bioassay of eight CIP-bred potato genotypes viz. CIP 102, CIP 106, CIP 111, CIP 117, CIP 124, BARI Alu 72 (CIP 139), and BARI Alu 73 (CIP 127) and CIP 136 were used. In this study, single node of these genotypes was cultured in MS media supplemented with 0, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 mM NaCl. Among the eight genotypes, BARI Alu 72 (CIP 139) showed the highest tolerance against salinity up to 160 mM NaCl (14.61 dS/m) for all studied parameters (except shoot and root initiation) with the highest plant height (9.67 cm), leaves number (13.60), nodes number (9.50), root length (6.50 cm), roots number (7.80), fresh weight of shoot (536.1 mg) and root (205.60 mg). On the other hand, CIP 106 was found the most susceptible genotype against salinity showing its highest salinity tolerance up to 120 mM NaCl (10.96 dS/m) with maximum plant height (7.17 cm), leaves number (12.50), nodes number (6.50), root length (7.50 cm), roots number (9.7), fresh weight of shoot (572.3 mg) and root (250 mg). The experiment's findings corroborated CIP's findings that they were salt tolerant, as well as recommended for their cultivation suitability in saline-affected area in Bangladesh.

A field experiment was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka during Kharif-1 season (March – June), 2014 to study the effect of irrigation frequency and weed control methods on growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum). The experiment was consisted of two treatment factors, viz., factor- A: four levels of irrigation frequency and factor- B: four levels of weed control methods. The experiment was laid out in a split design. The highest plant height (104.4 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (104.6), number of branches plant-1 (6.44), number of capsules plant-1(54.97), number of seeds capsule-1 (58.53), 1000 seeds weight (3.213 g), seed yield (1.413 t ha-1) and harvest index (29.26%) were obtained with the interaction effect of I3W2 (three times irrigation + two hand weeding). But the shortest plant height (78.18), lowest dry weight plant 1 (15.36 g), number of leaves plant-1 (65.11), number of branches plant-1 (4.789), number of capsules plant-1 (44.77), number of seeds capsule-1 (49.60), 1000 seeds weight (2.910 g), and seed yield (0.944 t ha-1) were obtained with the interaction effect of I0W0 (no irrigation + no weeding). Significant variations were found due to irrigation frequency, weed control methods practices and their interaction in the growth, yield components, seed yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index of sesame.

The productivity of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.), a vital pulse crop in South Asia, remains suboptimal in Bangladesh due to improper agronomic practices, particularly inadequate plant spacing. This study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during the kharif season of 2015 to assess the influence of different spacing regimes on the growth and yield performance of three blackgram varieties—Munshigonj Local, BARI Mash-2, and BARI Mash-3—under the System of Crop Intensification (SCI). A split-plot design was employed with five spacing treatments (30×10 cm, 20×20 cm, 30×30 cm, 40×40 cm, and 50×50 cm). The results showed significant variation in plant height, aboveground biomass, crop growth rate, pods per plant, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield. Closer spacing (30×10 cm) enhanced vertical growth but reduced seed yield due to high competition, while wider spacing (50×50 cm) improved individual plant biomass but reduced yield per unit area. Moderate spacings (20×20 cm and 30×30 cm) provided a balance between growth and yield parameters, with BARI Mash-2 at 30×30 cm yielding the highest (1.82 t ha⁻¹). These findings suggest that optimized variety-specific spacing under SCI can significantly improve blackgram productivity in subtropical regions of Bangladesh.

The present study was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during Aus season, 2017. The experiment was carried out to characterize ten advanced Aus lines (F8) based on qualitative traits. The lines were evaluated in RCBD with three replications. Thirty one qualitative traits were used to characterize the advanced lines. Variation was observed in the traits like leaf pubescence, shape of the ligule, attitude of the blade of flag leaf, days to heading, days to maturity, 1000-grain weight, grain length (without dehulling), sterile lemma length, decorticated grain length (after dehulling), decorticated grain shape, culm length, panicle length. Minimum days to heading was found in L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L10. Early maturity was found in L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L10. 1000 grain wt. was highest in L2, L4, L6, L7, and L8. Six lines (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L10) showed early time of heading, early maturing and medium type of culm length. Two lines (L7, L9) were observed having long panicle (26-30 cm). It was concluded that the lines L10, L5, L3 and L4 can be selected for further study.

Nitrogen (N) mineralization in cool temperate soils is a complex, microbially driven process that acts as a vital bridge between organic matter decomposition and plant-available nitrogen pools. These ecosystems are uniquely characterized by prolonged low temperatures, frequent freeze-thaw cycles and seasonal moisture fluctuations, which impose significant selective pressures on microbial physiology. Despite these constraints, cold-adapted microbial communities sustain N cycling through specialized metabolic adaptations, including the production of psychrophilic enzymes and membrane modifications. Depolymerization remains the rate-limiting “gatekeeping” step, regulated by the extracellular breakdown of complex organic N compounds into soluble monomers. This review highlights the critical role of organic matter quality and organo-mineral stabilization in modulating N availability, noting that environmental pulses-such as thawing and rewetting-frequently trigger transient flushes of mineralization. As climate change alters winter temperature regimes and snow cover, understanding these microbially mediated mechanisms becomes essential for predicting N availability and developing sustainable nutrient management strategies to mitigate leaching and gaseous losses in cool agroecosystems.