This article discusses the possibilities and methods for rescuing people from abandoned mine workings and the cooperation of the components of the Integrated Rescue System of the Slovak Republic when carrying out rescue work in underground spaces, specifically the Bankov mine. Additionally, the basic legislative restrictions on the level of rescue work that can be performed in underground spaces in Slovakia and abroad are characterized. In the study itself, exercises in a mining environment were designed and tested by rescuers from the fire and rescue corps of the Slovak Republic, while several methods for rescuing people from underground spaces using climbing equipment were tested. Since the research setting was an abandoned mine, the rescue methods were carried out with regard to the maximum achievable safety of the firefighters. With the demise of the Mine Rescue Service in the Slovak Republic in 2025, rescue activities passed into the hands of the fire and rescue corps, and it is therefore necessary to determine the best method for rescue from mining spaces that can be performed by firefighters when the priority is the rescue time: the most important factor for saving human life. Using the analysis of the data obtained in this study, the most effective method specifically for rescuing people from underground spaces was determined. Based on the information obtained, proposals and measures were established to make rescue work in underground spaces more efficient. The research met all standards set for firefighters, and all rescuers agreed to publish this research.

The presented study deals with the effectiveness of sorbents in the equipment of firefighting units in Slovakia. Currently, there are many manufacturers of sorbents on the market and also a number of types of these products. As a result of an emergency on the road, especially in the case of traffic accidents, there can be a leakage of dangerous substances. From this point of view, it is necessary to prevent the dangerous substance escaping into the environment as quickly as possible and to choose a suitable sorption material to prevent the leakage. For the stated reasons, the aim of the submitted paper was to research the effectiveness of sorbents used by fire brigades in the Slovak Republic in traffic accidents. Part of the publication is on the specification of sorbents, and as part of the research there is an evaluation of their composition and a description, and according to the method and the successive laboratory tests, the operating fluid that is applied to the selected sorbents. After the test and the resulting values, the initial and absorbed weight of the sorbents were determined. The sorption capacity and absorbency were determined from the resulting values. The time factor and the ability to remove adsorbed sorbents from solid surfaces was evaluated after visualizing the process and the final result. The resulting values were unified and compared with other sorbents, where their suitability for the purposes of firefighting units in practice was determined.