Background/Objectives: This literature review aims to provide guidance on the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) based on studies published over the past 10 years. Methods: This study included randomized clinical trials involving human patients from 2013 and 2023, published in any language. The trials examined both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for aphthous lesions, mainly focusing on the adult population, with pain management as the primary outcome. The research was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and CINHAL databases. Results: Most of the 45 analyzed studies focused on non-pharmacological therapies, which led to positive results with minimal adverse effects or contraindications, even when compared to cortisone-based treatments. Laser therapy also showed excellent results, particularly in the immediate post-treatment period. Non-pharmacological therapies appeared to offer the best risk–benefit ratio for patients suffering from RAS. Conclusions: Treatment should be individualized based on the patient’s specific form of RAS, and laser therapy can be used either as a standalone treatment or as an adjunct to other treatments considered in the review.

Background: The purpose of this study is to report clinical and instrumental changes after RA.DI.CA splint therapy for temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction. Methods: Subjects affected by disc dislocation without reduction were recruited between July 2020 and May 2022 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and treated with RA.DI.CA. splints over a period of 6 months. Clinical data were collected at each phase of the study (T0, T1, T2). Magnetic resonance imaging and electrognathography data were recorded at the beginning (T0) and at the end (T2) of the study. ANOVA with post-hoc contrasts was performed to assess differences in outcome measures over time. The Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate changes in disc-condyle angle between before- and after-treatment MRI. A two-tailed value of p < 0.05 was regarded as significant. Methods: Ten patients completed the study. There were statistically significant differences over time for arthralgia, headache, neck pain, and mouth opening. Disc recapture and an improved quality of mandibular movement were recorded in 70% of subjects. The clinical and instrumental improvements are probably due to the orthopedic action of RA.DI.CA splint treatment, which allows for a greater degree of joint mobilization. Conclusions: The purpose of this therapy is to recover the disc position if possible and achieve an adequate joint functional adaptation that avoids the progression of the structural damage and the recurrence of symptoms.

Osseointegrated implants are considered one of the best treatments for dental prosthetic rehabilitation. (Papaspyridakos et al., 2013, Brånemark et al., 1969). In cases of posterior maxillary atrophy, dental rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants is challenging as there is less bone volume (pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus) and poor bone quality (type III and IV according to Misch’s classification). In 1989, Tuslane and Tessier first described pterygoid implants, which can now be considered one of the rehabilitation solutions for patients with posterior maxillary atrophy. The present study was conducted to evaluate the survival and success rates of pterygoid implants 3 years after placement. The surgical activity was conducted from January 2017 to January 2019 with a sample of 37 edentulous patients (partially and/or totally) characterized by poor bone quality and quantity in the posterior maxillary area. The results of this study supported the research hypothesis because the survival and success rates of the pterygoid implants were 99%

Background and Objectives: Third molar (wisdom tooth) extraction is one of the most common surgical procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Traditional rotary instruments and burs have long been the standard tools for this procedure. However, recent advancements in surgical techniques, such as piezoelectric surgery, have gained popularity due to their purported advantages in terms of precision, safety, and postoperative outcomes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes of third molar surgery performed using burs versus piezoelectric surgery. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant studies published up until October 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials, and comparative studies assessing third molar surgery using either burs or piezoelectric instruments were included. The primary outcomes evaluated were surgical time, postoperative pain, swelling, nerve damage, and healing time. The data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers using standardized tools, and any discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. Results: A total of five studies met the inclusion criteria, and the meta-analysis revealed that piezoelectric surgery resulted in significantly lower postoperative pain and swelling compared to traditional bur techniques (p < 0.05). Additionally, the incidence of nerve injury was lower in the piezoelectric group, though the difference was not statistically significant. Surgical time was found to be longer with piezoelectric devices, but this was offset by improved healing outcomes and patient comfort. Conclusions: Piezoelectric surgery offers a less traumatic alternative to traditional burs for third molar extraction, with reduced postoperative morbidity and enhanced patient outcomes. Although the longer surgical duration may be a drawback, the overall benefits, particularly in terms of pain management and tissue preservation, support the adoption of piezoelectric techniques in clinical practice. Further high-quality randomized trials are recommended to strengthen the evidence base for these findings.

Osseointegrated implants are considered one of the best treatments for dental prosthetic rehabilitation. (Papaspyridakos et al., 2013, Brånemark et al., 1969). In cases of posterior maxillary atrophy, dental rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants is challenging as there is less bone volume (pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus) and poor bone quality (type III and IV according to Misch’s classification). In 1989, Tuslane and Tessier first described pterygoid implants, which can now be considered one of the rehabilitation solutions for patients with posterior maxillary atrophy. The present study was conducted to evaluate the survival and success rates of pterygoid implants 3 years after placement. The surgical activity was conducted from January 2017 to January 2019 with a sample of 37 edentulous patients (partially and/or totally) characterized by poor bone quality and quantity in the posterior maxillary area. The results of this study supported the research hypothesis because the survival and success rates of the pterygoid implants were 99%

Besides the functional issues, lateral incisor agenesis represents a significant aesthetic drawback (1). The decision about the treatment plan is complex due to the long-term success, which is not easy to achieve. It has to be discussed with the orthodontists to choose the closure, using permanent canines to replace the missing teeth, or maintaining the spaces, for example, with Maryland bridges or implants. The main advantage of orthodontic gap closure is that this approach preserves the natural architecture of the complex and soft tissues. However, canines and premolar sizes and shapes should be adjusted to mimic the replaced teeth, eventually resorting to odontoplasty or veneers (13). This article aims to show clinical protocols and procedures for the Split Crest without any graft. The biggest problem in agenesis cases is the thickness of the bone, which is bucco-palatal and associated with the need for proper functional and esthetic rehabilitation. In the case that we reported, because of the lack of thickness, we performed a minimally invasive split crest, which allowed us to correct the implant insertion with immediate loading by a temporary crown, just for aesthetic reasons.