This study investigates the preparation of a high-performance Cr₃C₂/Ni60A coating on 45# steel through laser cladding technology. The microstructure, residual stress, phase composition, hardness, and wear resistance of the coating are analyzed. The results reveal that the solidification structure of the molten pool exhibits a progression from coarse columnar crystals and dendrites near the interface with the substrate to equiaxial crystals at the coating surface. The coating primarily consists of Fe-Ni solid solution, Cr₇C₃, and Cr₂₃C₆ phases. As the Cr₃C₂ mass percentage in the Cr₃C₂/Ni60A composite powder increases, the formation of the Cr₇C₃ and Cr₂₃C₆ phases is suppressed. A pronounced stress concentration occurs at the interface between the coating and the substrate, leading to an increased dislocation density and localized grain deformation. When the Cr₃C₂ mass percentage reaches 45% and 55%, the coating surface exhibits a higher density of induced cracks due to the combined effects of microstructural changes and thermal influences. The maximum microhardness of the coating ranges from 520 HV₁ to 556 HV₁, approximately three times that of the substrate. The wear resistance of the coating initially increases and then decreases with increasing Cr₃C₂ content. The wear resistance is optimal at a 35% Cr₃C₂ mass ratio, with a wear loss of 0.15 mg—five times lower than that of the substrate. The primary wear mechanism is abrasive wear, although localized fatigue and adhesive wear are also observed.

TiAl alloys are high-temperature structural materials with excellent comprehensive properties, and their ideal service temperature range is about 700–950 °C. High-Nb containing the Ti-46Al-8Nb-2.5V alloy was subjected to hot compression and subsequent annealing at 900 °C. During hot compression, work-hardening and strain-softening occurred. The peak stresses during compression are positively correlated with the compressive strain rates and negatively correlated with the compression temperatures. The α₂ phase exhibited a typical (0001)α₂ basal plane texture after hot compression, while the β₀ and γ phases did not show a typical strong texture. Subsequent annealing at 900 °C of the hot-compressed samples resulted in significant phase transformations, specifically the α₂ → γ and β₀ → γ phase transformations. After 30 min of annealing, the volume fraction of the α₂ phase decreased from 39.0% to 4.6%. The microstructure characteristics and phase fraction after 60 min of annealing were similar to those after 30 min. According to the calculation of Miller indexes and texture evolution during annealing, the α₂ → γ phase transformation did not follow the Blackburn orientation relationship. Multiple crystal-oriented α₂ phases with nanoscale widths (20~100 nm) precipitate within the γ phase during the annealing process, which means the occurrence of γ → α₂ phase transformation. Still, the γ → α₂ phase transformation follows the Blackburn orientation relationship.