In this study, poly(lactic-acid) (PLA) polymer-based nanofiber (NF) was obtained by the electrospinning method. Antioxidant Zataria Multiflora (ZM, essential oil extract) and antibiotic effective bacitracin (BAC) materials were added to 8% PLA. ZM essential oil was extracted with Rotary and antioxidant components were investigated using GC-MS. While carvacrol constitutes 50% as the main component of ZM, it was seen as 48.06% carvacrol and 25.47% thymol as a content area. It was analyzed that ZM has a total antioxidant rate of 99.87% with 20 components. In antibacterial tests, PLA/BAC/ZM NF showed the best inhibition growth on all microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis). In cell XTT cytotoxicity tests, it was observed that the PLA/BAC/ZM NF used in adhesion and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) results showed very good adhesion to cells. Graphical Abstract

Recently, researchers have shown increasing interest in incorporating bioactive substances with therapeutic properties into fiber‐structured mat biomaterials, which are favored as tissue scaffolds for wound healing applications. In this study, curcumin (Cur)‐loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/chitosan (CS) composite mats were produced using the electrospinning method and followed by the freeze‐drying method. Scanning electron microscope images proved the homogeneous structure of the composite mats, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the Cur‐loaded composite mats were successfully produced. The antibacterial activity of Cur‐loaded PVA/CS composite mats was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and the results showed that the antibacterial activity of the composite mats increased with the addition of Cur. Furthermore, the antioxidant test, release kinetics tests, and in vitro biocompatibility studies such as cytotoxicity, staining, and scratch assay of Cur‐loaded PVA/CS composite mats were carried out. The results showed that adding Cur enhanced the bioactivity of PVA10/CS10 composite mats. Further, the biocompatibility findings indicated that 10Cur‐PVA10/CS10 exhibited the highest viability value throughout all incubation periods compared with the other samples. Moreover, the highest rate of scratch closure on the 10Cur‐PVA/10/CS10 composite mats was observed at the end of 24 h compared with the other composite mats. These findings indicate that the Cur‐loaded PVA10/CS10 composite mats significantly positively impact cell migration and wound healing, making them a promising candidate as transdermal composite mats for tissue engineering and wound care applications.

In this study, the functionality of polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers was enhanced by blending polycaprolactone (PCL) and adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Various concentrations of TiO₂ nanoparticles, ranging from 1 to 7% wt, were added to the PLA nanofibers. Optimal dispersion was observed at 3% wt TiO₂, resulting in 493.64 ± 129.78 nm fiber sizes. Blending PLA with PCL in a 1:1 ratio yielded fibers with an average diameter of 513.20 ± 64.85 nm. The addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles into the PLA/PCL blends increased fiber pore area due to the larger fiber size. Mechanical testing indicated that adding TiO₂ nanoparticles enhanced the strength of the nanofibers slightly while ductility increased significantly. The results for the water uptake behavior of the fibers showed that TiO₂ NP addition improved the water absorption. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) using the agar disk diffusion method. TiO₂ NPs added PLA and PLA/PCL nanofibers demonstrated inhibition zones of 10.46 ± 1.03 mm and 19.30 ± 1.47 mm against S.aureus, and 13.33 ± 1.15 mm and 21.71 ± 1.74 mm against E.coli, respectively.

In this study, boron nitride nanoparticles (BNNPs) doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite nanofibers were fabricated cost‐effectively and straightforwardly using the electrospinning technique. The uniform PVA/BN composite nanofibers were measured as 376.26 ± 59.20 nm, observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The presence of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BNNPs) was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) results indicated enhanced structural stability and the formation of new functional groups. Water absorption tests showed that the hydrophobic nature of BNNP is dominant. The degradation rate of the PVA/BN was found to be faster than PVA nanofibers. Antibacterial tests demonstrated that PVA/BN fibers exhibited inhibition zones against Escherichia coli (8.78 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (6.82 mm), and Candida albicans (21.54 mm). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) results reinforced these findings, with PVA/BN fibers achieving an impressive inhibition rate of 89.56% against E. coli. Utilizing the MTT assay, biocompatibility tests indicated cell viability rates exceeding 98% for PVA/BN fibers, confirming their safety for biomedical applications. This study illustrates that PVA/BN composite nanofibers enhance their antimicrobial and hydrophilic properties, leading to multifunctional materials for advanced tissue engineering.Summary: Electrospun PVA/BN composite nanofibers produced cost‐effectively and straightforwardly. SEM images indicated that the average diameter of PVA/BN composite nanofibers was 376.26 ± 59.20 nm. SEM and TEM analyses revealed a uniform dispersion of BNNPs within the composite nanofibers. FT‐IR confirmed the presence of strong chemical interactions and the formation of unique functional groups. XRD and TEM analyses validated the structural integrity of h‐BN. PVA/BN fibers exhibited inhibition zones against Escherichia coli (8.78 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (6.82 mm), and Candida albicans (21.54 mm). MIC results showed that the BN‐doped composite nanofibers achieved an impressive inhibition rate of 89.56% against Escherichia coli. MTT assay (L929 fibroblast) indicated excellent biocompatibility, with over 98% cell viability rates. PVA/BN composite nanofibers show potential for advanced wound dressings and tissue engineering.