Farmers continue to adopt varied innovations as a way of helping them improve their food security. This study assessed communication factors affecting the adoption of agricultural innovations among farmers in Damongo in the Savannah region. The study relied on Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation theory. The study employed a descriptive cross sectional study design. The study was targeted at smallholder farmers within the study area. Simple random sampling technique was applied to obtain eligible participants of 272 from a study population of 850. A structured questionnaire was used to gather the data. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) windows version 26.0. The results show that all 272 farmers indicated that they were adopting the application of fertilizers at the study setting. About 60.7% of the respondents did not adopt disease resistant crop varieties at the study setting as part of innovations in farming. From the results, 55.1% of respondents indicated that they had ever felt the positive effect of using agricultural innovations. There was a significant association between off farm occupation and age of respondents, and Innovation usage (p= 0.000, p=0.014). Also, a logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the effect of channels of information on farmers’ adoption of agriculture innovations. The results revealed that all channels of information were statistically significant and farmers that used these channels were more likely to adopt. From the results, 72.1% of respondents said agricultural innovation helps them to process cassava into flour. The results also indicate that there is a moderate association between educational level and innovation usage. Based on the results, the study concluded that, farmers were aware of certain agricultural innovations used in the study setting. The study also concluded that age and off farm occupation also influences Innovation usage. The study recommended more education by Extension Officers on how farmers in the study setting could adopt agricultural innovation to improve food security.

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are a pair of prevalent chronic non-communicable ailments that present significant obstacles to the global well-being of the public. The study investigates the burden of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes in Tamale metropolis. The target population used for the study was all outpatients from the Tamale Teaching Hospital. Secondary source of data was employed for the study. The findings reveal significant variations in hypertension prevalence across demographic categories, with the highest rates found in the 55–64 age group at 31.4% (95% CI: 26.3%—36.5%) and all age groups demonstrating statistical significance (p < 0.0001). Findings further show the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes peaks at 28.8% in the 65–74 age group, while the 25–34 age range has the lowest rate at 1.5%. Findings from the regression analysis reveal that gender and patients’ place of residence significantly influence type 2 diabetes, while age is the only variable that shows a statistically significant association with hypertension. The study concluded that Type 2 diabetes and hypertension is prevalent among older age, higher weight, male gender, self-employed, and lower education. The study recommends for implementation of targeted screening programs focusing on older adults, especially females, and those in self-employed, for Type 2 diabetes and Hypertension.

The rapid rise in the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as an alternative vehicle fuel in Ghana presents both opportunities and risks within the national energy transition agenda. This study investigates LPG safety as well as environmental and regulatory implications using a multi-method quantitative approach that combines structured survey data, exploratory multivariate analysis (MCA), and machine learning classification (Random Forest) to uncover emerging associations and patterns in LPG safety practices. Primary data were obtained from 384 respondents, including vehicle operators, auto-technicians, regulatory officials, and LPG station attendants across five major transport zones: Kejetia, Asafo, Ahodwo, Bantama, and Suame Magazine. The MCA identified four distinct behavioural and safety profiles—At-Risk, Proactive Safety, Compliant and Equipped, and Formal and Reported—reflecting diverse compliance and risk patterns across socio-occupational groups. The Random Forest classifier achieved a predictive accuracy of 96.5% based on cross-validated performance. Sensitivity and specificity values were high, indicating reliable discrimination among incident types. To reduce the risk of overfitting, k-fold cross-validation and monitored error convergence were performed across increasing numbers of trees. While the model shows strong predictive capability, we present these results cautiously and emphasize observed associations and emerging patterns rather than definitive predictive conclusions. The findings reveal that while economic motivations underpin LPG adoption, weak institutional enforcement and widespread informal installations heighten safety vulnerabilities. Comparisons with sub-Saharan and Asian contexts underscore the need for a structured regulatory framework, mandatory certification of installers, and periodic vehicle inspections. The study contributes to the broader discourse on informal energy transitions in developing economies by demonstrating how technical and behavioural determinants interact within weak regulatory systems. Policy recommendations emphasize the integration of data-driven risk assessment tools into regulatory oversight to enhance vehicular LPG safety and sustainability.

Within the specific context of the dynamic capabilities theory, this paper examines the role of e-procurement practices and technological adequacy in innovation and organizational performance within the institutions of the public sector in Ghana. The current study used a cross-sectional design to collect empirical data in the form of organizations that use a system of e-procurement. The target population was the procurement officers and the staff whose work is directly related to procurement in the selected organizations that are in the public sector. The purposive sampling method was applied to select respondents who had relevant experience, and a sample of 122 people was obtained. A structured questionnaire was used to capture data based on the perception of respondents of e-procurement practices, technological capability, innovation, and organizational performance. Preliminary analysis was carried out with the help of descriptive statistics, and the structural equation modelling was conducted to analyze the measurement model and to determine the structural association between the variables of the study. The results have shown that technological capability is a significantly higher determinant of innovation compared to e-procurement practices, and its effects on organizational performance are rather indirect, i.e., via innovation, but not through a direct channel. E-procurement practices have a great positive influence on organizational performance, but in comparison, the effect on innovation is not so strong. These findings indicate that innovation plays a key mediating role in the performance outcomes in digitally enabled procurement settings. The research finds that enhancing technological capability is critical to promoting innovation that in itself improves performance within the government. Based on these insights, the study recommends that public sector institutions increase investment in technological infrastructure to strengthen their capability base, prioritize continuous capacity building to improve the digital competencies of procurement personnel, and integrate innovation-driven approaches into e-procurement strategies to maximize performance gains.

The mining industry in Ghana, despite its economic significance, continues to grapple with occupational health and safety (OHS) issues, which include but are not limited to high accident rates and a largely reactive approach to safety. In this study, current practices in OHS management are assessed and a model is developed that reflects the interdependencies and associations between workplace hazards, accidents, health effects and preventative actions in a probabilistic fashion. A quantitative analytical design was employed and a sample of 298 workers, safety officers and supervisors from mines were surveyed. The data were analysed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to derive latent OHS factors, K-modes clustering and Hierarchical Clustering to classify worker safety profiles, and a Bayesian Network model was employed to investigate probabilistic dependencies. Three major OHS dimensions emerged from PCA: perceived adequacy of safety measures, formal training exposure, and safety resources. Three distinct worker profiles were identified, suggesting that the provision of physical safety equipment does not necessarily reflect perceived operational safety. Moreover, the Bayesian Network model indicated a conditional dependency between workers’ reported health issues and formal accident reporting, and that high hazard environments more than double the probability of an accident occurring (from 0.216 to 0.453). The results indicate that the industry is now operating in an incident-based manner. In order to mitigate the likelihood of accidents, management needs to move towards anticipatory safety management systems, which involve proactive health monitoring, equipment maintenance, and implementation of safety policies in practice.

Ghana’s automotive sector has significant opportunities for the transition from Internal Combustion (IC) to electric vehicles. Current training remains largely IC-engine focused. TVET programmes, apprenticeship training, and automotive education curricula must align with emerging EV technologies and evolving workforce needs. This study aimed to assess automotive graduates’ preparedness for electric vehicle (EV) repair and maintenance in Kumasi, Ghana, identify critical competency gaps, and determine priorities for strengthening workforce readiness. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among automotive engineering graduates, technicians, industry professionals, and academic staff in Kumasi, Ghana, using a multi-stage stratified sampling approach. A total of 753 eligible respondents provided usable responses to the structured online questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, and all statistical analyses were performed in R version 4.3.2 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. The study revealed a substantial competency gap in EV knowledge, technical skills, and practical competencies, with 51.1% of respondents lacking knowledge in EV fault diagnosis. The findings underscore the need to prioritize periodic practical EV repair and maintenance training, industry internships and apprenticeships, and stronger collaboration between industry and training institutions to enhance graduate competencies and workforce readiness for the transition to electric mobility in Ghana.