A 4x4 full-diallel cross set of chickpea (ILC 3279, Konya, Balikesir and Aknohut) was studied to estimate the gene effects and genetic parameters of nine traits. According to Hayman's method, only additive gene effects were found significant for days to flowering, plant height, number of pods and seeds per plant. In additon to the significant additive gene effects, dominant gene effects were significant for days to maturity, basal pod height, number of branches per plant and 100-seed weight. However, the magnitude of the additive gene effects was much higher than dominant gene effects. Reciprocal differences were observed for days to flowering and 100-seed weight. Estimates of genetic parameters also revealed that additive variance was significant for all traits studied except for seed yield, while dominance variance was significant only for days to maturity. The narrow-sense heritabilities were high for 100-seed weight (96%), days to flowering (84%), seeds (78%) and pods per plant (74%) indicating that great genetic gain could be achieved for these traits.

Bu araştırma farklı ekim zamanlarının (kışlık ve erken ilkbahar) nohut ( Cicer arietinum L.) genotiplerinin verim ve verim unsurları ile tane kalitesine etkisini incelemek amacıyla Diyarbakır merkez ve Mardin iline bağlı Kızıltepe ilçesinde yürütülmüştür. Ekim zamanlarının çiçeklenme ve olgunlaşma süresi, bitki boyu, bitkide bakla ve tane sayısı, 100 tane ağırlığı ve tane verimine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Kışlık ekimlerde bitki boyu, bitkide bakla ve tane sayısı ve tane verimi değerleri ilkbahar ekimlerine göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Tane verimi kışlık ekimlerde 92.2 kg/da ile 195.4 kg/da arasında, ilkbahar ekimlerinde 81.0 kg/da ile 140.3 kg/da arasında değişmiştir. Azkan ve Arda çeşitleri kışlık ekimlerde yüksek verimli bulunmuştur. Kışlık ekimlerde tüm hatlar antraknoz hastalığına ( Ascochyta rabiei ) hassas, standart çeşitler dayanıklı/tolerant bulunmuş, Gökçe çeşidinde kışlık ekimlerde yüksek oranda antraknoz hastalığı saptanmıştır. Protein oranı %24.0 olarak belirlenmiş, ekim zamanları arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Pişme süresi kışlık ekimlerde ortalama 51.1 dakika, ilkbahar ekimlerinde 47.7 dakika olmuştur.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of using fuzzy C-means clustering, AMMI and GGE biplot analysis methods to predict the yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes grown in various environments. The trials were conducted in the Central, Silvan and Hazro districts of Diyarbakir province and Kiziltepe district of Mardin province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. During the 2016 growing season, 19 chickpea genotypes were tested across four distinct environments. Multiple location experiments were used to assess the genotypes’ performance and stability. The study employed a two-factor experimental design in randomized blocks with four replications in each environment. As a result, the genotype FLIP98-206C showed the highest performance for yield (1727.3 kg ha⁻¹) at the Diyarbakır location among all locations. On the other hand, the Diyar-95 variety showed the lowest yield (723.5 kg ha⁻¹) at the Hazro location among all locations. The Diyarbakir location was determined as an ideal test environment for genotype selection in fuzzy C-means clustering, AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. The Silvan region was determined as the weakest environment for this purpose. It is considered that the determination of genotypes with high yield and stability in this research, in which different analysis methods were used in combination, will contribute to agricultural production.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different phosphorus doses (0, 15, 30, 40 and 70 kg ha^-1) on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars at Diyarbakir, Southeast Anatolia of Turkey over two years at late spring. The effect of phosphorus on plant height and number of branches plant-1 was nonsignificant. Number of branches plant-1 was different response to phosphorus doses, although statistically was not significant. Number of pods and seeds plant-1 were affected by phosphorus treatment. Although 100 seed weight was not affected by phosphorus applications, cultivar x doses interaction was important. Phosphorus doses were significant for yield, but yield apparently did not increase. Start dose, 15 kg phosphorus ha-1, was initially increased the yield, and 30 kg phosphorus ha-1 application slightly was increased. The highest number of pods and seeds at 30 and 70 kg P ha^-1, compared only one of these control and 15 kg P ha-1. Grain yield was increased to 16 and 12% with the application of 30 and 40 kg P ha^-1, respectively, when compared with control dose. Chickpea cultivars showed low response to P application. Phosphorus fertilization could not be effective due to late sown. Early sown and irrigation supply can be advisable for more effectiveness phosphorus intake in this region.

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is an essential crop globally, particularly in Türkiye, West Asia, Southern Europe, India, and Africa. Lentil is a valuable food source, rich in proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. However, lentil production faces challenges due to salinity stress, which hampers water uptake and causes toxic effects on plants. The study aimed to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) seed priming and varying salt (NaCl) concentrations on the germination and development of lentil seeds. The research was conducted in the Field Crops Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Dicle, Faculty of Agriculture, Türkiye. In the research, control, two salt (NaCl), four salicylic acid (SA) doses and their combinations were used on Lens culinaris variety called İlke. Germination percentage, energy, rate index, mean germination time, peak value, and vigor index were calculated. The results demonstrated that SA had a significant impact on improving lentil germination under salt stress conditions. Specifically, lower concentrations of NaCl combined with SA showed positive effects on germination and growth parameters compared to higher NaCl concentrations. The highest germination percentage, energy, and rate index values were in the control and 0.25 SA dose treatment. Salicylic acid doses under 50 NaCl concentration exhibited higher germination percentage, energy, and rate index values than under 100 NaCl. Increasing SA and salt doses negatively affected lentil seed germination. This finding is significant for lentil cultivation in salt-affected areas, offering a potential strategy to improve crop resilience and yield in challenging environmental conditions.