Proton membrane exchange fuel cells (PEMFCs) provide an important energy solution to decarbonizing transport sectors and electric systems due to zero carbon emission during the operating process, and how to enhance the system efficiency of PEMFCs is one of the most challengeable issues to hinder the large-scale commercial application of PEMFCs. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the feasibility and techno-economic performance of advanced thermal management to promote the efficiency of PEMFC systems. The thermal management of PEMFCs can be implemented from two aspects: one is efficient cooling methods to maintain the PEMFC under proper working temperature range, and the other one is waste heat recovery from PEMFCs to improve the overall system efficiency. Concentrated on these topics, many achievements have been gained by academic and industrial communities, and it is imperative to analyze and conclude these experienced studies from mechanism, technology, and application aspects. Therefore, this review summarized the great advances of thermal management of PEMFCs with efficient cooling and waste heat recovery for the sake of improving the overall efficiency of PEMFC systems, providing guidelines for the future design and optimization of PEMFC systems.

Latent thermal energy storage (LTES) is an important energy storage technology to mitigate the discrepancy between energy source and energy supply, and it has great application prospects in many areas, such as solar energy utilization, geothermal energy utilization and electricity storage. However, LTES systems suffer from the low thermal conductivity of most phase-change materials (PCMs), threatening their large-scale commercial applications. To tackle this challenge, heat transfer enhancement for LTES systems is critically important and has been widely investigated worldwide. Convectional heat transfer enhancement techniques, including fins, nanoparticles and multiple PCMs, can significantly improve the charging and discharging rates of an LTES system. Recently, rotation-based methods have emerged to provide new routes for the heat transfer enhancement of LTES systems, and many achievements have been obtained by researchers around the world. This study conducted a short review of the mechanisms and applications of three rotation-based heat transfer enhancement methods, aiming to provide deep insights into these novel heat transfer enhancement methods and propel their future development and applications.

Proton membrane exchange fuel cells (PEMFCs) is an important energy solution to decarbonizing transport sectors and electric systems due to zero carbon emission during the operating process, and how to enhance the system efficiency of PEMFC is one of the most challengeable issues to hinder the large-scale commercial application of PEMFC. In recent years, numerous studies have been conducted to explore the feasibility and techno-economic performance of advanced thermal management to promote the efficiency of PEMFC systems. The thermal management of PEMFC can be implemented from two aspects: one is efficient cooling methods to maintain the PEMFC under proper working temperature range, and the other one is waste heat recovery from PEMFC and improve the overall system efficiency. Concentrated on these topics many achievements have been gained by academic and industrial communities, and it is imperative to analyze and conclude these experienced studies from mechanism, technology and application aspects. Therefore, this review summarized the great advances of thermal management of PEMFC from efficient cooling and waste heat recovery for the sake of improving the overall efficiency of PEMFC systems, providing guidelines for the future design and optimization of PEMFC systems.