Supercritical CO₂ (sCO₂) pipeline transport is a critical link for the large-scale implementation of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology, yet its safety is severely challenged by residual impurity gases (e.g., H₂O, O₂, SO₂, H₂S, and NO₂) from the capture process. This review systematically consolidates recent research advances, with the key findings being the following. Firstly, it reveals that the nonlinear synergistic effects among impurities are the primary cause of uncontrolled corrosion, whose destructive impact far exceeds the simple sum of individual effects. Secondly, it delineates the specific roles and critical thresholds of different impurities within the corrosion chain reaction, providing a theoretical basis for targeted control. Consequently, engineering management must enforce strict impurity concentration thresholds integrated with material upgrades and dynamic operational optimization. Future research should focus on developing multi-impurity reaction kinetic models, elucidating long-term corrosion product layer evolution, and establishing standardized experimental systems. This review provides crucial theoretical support for establishing impurity control standards and optimizing anti-corrosion strategies for the safe transport of CO₂ in supercritical CCUS pipelines.

This paper summarizes the research progress and applications of oxygen-reduced-air-assisted gravity drainage (OAGD) in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The fundamental principles and key technologies of OAGD are introduced, along with a review of domestic and international field trials. Factors influencing displacement performance, including low-temperature oxidation reactions, injection rates, and reservoir dip angles, are discussed in detail. The findings reveal that low-temperature oxidation significantly improves the recovery efficiency through the dynamic balance of light hydrocarbon volatilization and fuel deposition, coupled with the synergistic optimization of the reservoir temperature, pressure, and oxygen concentration. Proper control of the injection rate stabilizes the oil–gas interface, expands the swept volume, and delays gas channeling. High-dip reservoirs, benefiting from enhanced gravity segregation, demonstrate superior displacement efficiency. Finally, the paper highlights future directions, including the optimization of injection parameters, deepening studies on reservoir chemical reaction mechanisms, and integrating intelligent gas injection technologies to enhance the effectiveness and economic viability of OAGD in complex reservoirs.

Organic chlorine (Org-Cl) in crude oil poses continuous operational and environmental risks during production, trading, and refining processes. This article reviews the management of Org-Cl from its origin assumptions to analysis and mitigation measures and proposes a practical closed-loop framework. Quantitative merit value indicators (typical detection limit/quantitative limit, accuracy, and repeatability) and greenness indicators are used to compare standard methods and advanced methods, and to guide the selection of applicable methods. Corresponding technical maturity levels (TRLs) are assigned to mitigation measures (protective beds/adsorption, HDC, and emerging electrochemical/photochemical routes). Technical economic indicators with reference values (relative capital expenditure/operating expenditure levels) are summarized to assist decision-making. The main findings are as follows: (i) Evidence of secondary formation of organic chlorine under distillation-related conditions still relies on the matrix and requires independent verification; (ii) MWDXRF can achieve rapid screening (usually only 5 to 10 min), while CIC/D5808 supports quality balance arbitration; (iii) adsorption can remove a considerable portion of organic chlorine in light fractions under laboratory conditions, while the survival ability of HDC related to crude oil depends on the durability of the catalyst and the tail gas treatment capacity; and (iv) minimum viable implementation (MVI) combined with online total-chlorine monitoring and a physical principle-based digital twin technology can provide auditable closed-loop control. The limitations of this review include partial reliance on laboratory-scale data, inconsistent reports among studies, and the lack of standardized public datasets for model benchmarking. Prioritization should be given to analysis quality control, process durability indicators, and data governance to achieve reliable digital deployment.

With the ongoing rise in global energy demand, the importance of enhanced oil recovery in oilfield development is becoming increasingly prominent. However, traditional chemical flooding agents face bottlenecks such as poor adaptability to application environments, unclear coupling mechanisms regarding multiple factors, as well as long research and development cycles. This paper systematically discusses the innovative paradigm of oilfield chemical agent development driven by artificial intelligence and proposes four core technological breakthroughs. Firstly, artificial intelligence-empowered molecular simulation technology can reveal the behavior mechanisms of flooding agents under extreme conditions. Secondly, intelligent molecular design using generative adversarial networks and reinforcement learning breaks through the traditional trial-and-error model. Thirdly, the construction of a data-mechanism dual-driven multi-objective optimization model achieves the collaborative prediction of physicochemical properties, economic benefits and environ mental friendliness. Lastly, an integrated system of robotic chemist and high-throughput experimental platforms forms a closed-loop system of “artificial intelligence design - automated synthesis- online detection”, yielding a complete ecosystem. The analysis of the current technological development challenges and future development directions reveals that the artificial intelligence-empowered intelligent Research and Development system is expected to promote the transformation of chemical flooding technology toward efficiency, environmental protection and sustainable development, providing a new standard for intelligent oil and gas field development. Document Type: Invited review Cited as: Wei, K., Zhou, M., Huang, J., Zhang, Q., Ding, B., Lyu, W., Peng, M. Chemical agents designed for oilfield development: A new paradigm empowered by artificial intelligence. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2025, 17(1): 1-16. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2025.07.01

In the context of the “dual-carbon” strategy and the escalating challenges posed by ultra-high water-cut reservoirs, the development of green and intelligent profile control gels (PCGs) has become essential for balancing enhanced oil recovery (EOR) efficiency with environmental sustainability. In this study, a green performance evaluation framework integrating the Environmental Toxicity Index (ETI) and Carbon Footprint Intensity (CFI) is established to quantitatively assess the environmental friendliness of polymer gel systems. Representative gel types—including conventional chromium(III)–polyacrylamide(Cr(III)–PAM), citric acid–chitosan, and pH-responsive nanogels—are evaluated to reveal their structure–environment interactions. Comparative analysis shows that the Cr(III)–PAM system exhibits strong plugging capability but imposes the highest environmental burden (ETI = 1.45; CFI = 9.1 kg CO₂e/kg), whereas the citric acid–chitosan system significantly reduces both toxicity (ETI = 0.42) and carbon footprint (CFI = 2.1). Meanwhile, pH-responsive nanogels demonstrate superior reservoir stability and sustainability under harsh conditions. The proposed ETI–CFI evaluation framework not only enables quantitative benchmarking of green performance but also provides a unified criterion for molecular design, material screening, and engineering application of intelligent green gels. This framework offers practical guidance for the low-carbon transformation of oilfield chemical systems, aligning innovation with sustainability objectives and supporting the realization of dual-carbon goals.