Liver fibrosis results from chronic damages together with an accumulation of extracellular matrix, and no specific medical therapy is approved for that until now. Due to liver metabolic capacity for drugs, the fragility of drugs, and the presence of insurmountable physiological obstacles in the way of targeting, the development of efficient drug delivery systems for anti-fibrotics seems vital. We have explored articles with a different perspective on liver fibrosis over the two decades, then collected and summarized the information by providing corresponding in vitro and in vivo cases. We have discussed the mechanism of hepatic fibrogenesis with different ways of fibrosis induction in animals. Furthermore, the critical chemical and herbal anti-fibrotics, biological molecules such as micro-RNAs, siRNAs, and growth factors, which can affect cell division and differentiation, are mentioned. Likewise, drug and gene delivery and therapeutic systems on in vitro and in vivo models are summarized in the data tables. This review article enlightens recent advances in emerging drugs and nanocarriers and represents perspectives on targeting strategies employed in liver fibrosis treatment.
1 October 2016 in European Journal of Integrative Medicine
This study reports the experimental mesalazine solubility data in the binary mixtures of ethanol and water at temperature ranges of 293.2–313.2 K. The generated data are correlated with six co-solvency mathematical models including the van’t Hoff, the mixture response surface, the Yalkowsky, the Jouyban–Acree, the Jouyban–Acree–van’t Hoff, and the modified Wilson models, and the mean relative deviations (MRD%) of the back-calculated solubility for each investigated model are reported. Density of the mesalazine saturated solutions as another physicochemical property are also fitted by the Jouyban–Acree model. Moreover, standard enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy changes for mesalazine dissolution process are obtained by using the van’t Hoff and Gibbs equations. Furthermore, by means of inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals is observed that mesalazine is preferentially solvated by water in almost all the mixtures studied.