Background and Objectives: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has shown promise in managing complications due to cancer treatments, particularly those related to radiotherapy and surgery. Despite its clinical benefits, concerns persist regarding its potential to influence cancer progression. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of HBOT in patients with active or previously treated solid tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with solid tumors who underwent at least five HBOT sessions. Comprehensive data, including patient demographics, cancer type, total number of HBOT sessions, imaging findings, and clinical outcomes (recurrence, metastasis, and mortality), were collected. Descriptive statistics and the relationship between the number of HBOT sessions and long-term cancer outcomes were analyzed. Results: This study included 45 patients (median age: 64 years; 60% male) who received a median of 27 HBOT sessions. At initiation, 27.9% of the patients were classified as cured, 53.5% were in remission, and 18.6% had active cancer. Over a median follow-up period of 783 days, 8.7% experienced recurrence, 2.7% had persistent active cancer, and 59.5% had no recurrence. No HBOT-related complications were observed during the course of HBOT. Statistical analyses revealed no significant correlations between the number of HBOT sessions and metastasis (p = 0.213) or mortality (p = 0.881). Conclusions: HBOT appears to be a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for managing complications in patients with solid tumors. No evidence was found to suggest HBOT contributes to tumor progression, recurrence, or metastasis. Future prospective studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results and further evaluate the therapeutic role of HBOT in oncology.

Aims: Given the high risk of treatment-related complications such as hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), avascular necrosis (AVN), and impaired wound healing in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing intensive therapies, this study aims to evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as a supportive treatment modality in this vulnerable patient population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 20 patients with hematologic malignancies who received HBOT at a tertiary hyperbaric medicine center between 2017 and 2023. Demographic data, HBOT indications, complications, outcomes, and mortality were analyzed. HBOT was administered at 2.4 ATA in either monoplace or multiplace chambers. Results: HBOT indications included AVN (35%), HC (30%), impaired wound healing (25%), sudden sensorineural hearing loss (5%), and central retinal artery occlusion (5%). Median follow-up was 595 days. No serious HBOT-related complications were reported except for a single case of mild barotrauma. No statistically significant association was found between the number of HBOT sessions and mortality or recurrence. Improvements in clinical outcomes were observed in most patients with HC and wound healing problems. Conclusion: HBOT appears to be a feasible and well-tolerated supportive treatment in patients with hematologic malignancies, particularly when administered under strict infection control measures. These findings support further prospective studies to validate its safety and efficacy in this vulnerable population.