Background and Objectives: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has shown promise in managing complications due to cancer treatments, particularly those related to radiotherapy and surgery. Despite its clinical benefits, concerns persist regarding its potential to influence cancer progression. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of HBOT in patients with active or previously treated solid tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with solid tumors who underwent at least five HBOT sessions. Comprehensive data, including patient demographics, cancer type, total number of HBOT sessions, imaging findings, and clinical outcomes (recurrence, metastasis, and mortality), were collected. Descriptive statistics and the relationship between the number of HBOT sessions and long-term cancer outcomes were analyzed. Results: This study included 45 patients (median age: 64 years; 60% male) who received a median of 27 HBOT sessions. At initiation, 27.9% of the patients were classified as cured, 53.5% were in remission, and 18.6% had active cancer. Over a median follow-up period of 783 days, 8.7% experienced recurrence, 2.7% had persistent active cancer, and 59.5% had no recurrence. No HBOT-related complications were observed during the course of HBOT. Statistical analyses revealed no significant correlations between the number of HBOT sessions and metastasis (p = 0.213) or mortality (p = 0.881). Conclusions: HBOT appears to be a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for managing complications in patients with solid tumors. No evidence was found to suggest HBOT contributes to tumor progression, recurrence, or metastasis. Future prospective studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm these results and further evaluate the therapeutic role of HBOT in oncology.

Noise is the primary cause of hearing loss during space flight. Throughout every phase of flight, particularly during launch, a significant amount of noise is generated and transferred via the vehicle’s structure to the places inhabited by the crew. The results of the previous studies provide insights into space flights that may have significant effects on hearing loss. Certain precautions must be taken to ensure the habitability of the spacecraft and prevent potential hearing loss in astronauts or space flight participants. Cite this article as: Avcı AU. Hearing loss in space flights: A review of noise regulations and previous outcomes. J Int Adv Otol. 2024;20(2):171-174.

Aviation accidents are caused by a chain of errors in many steps. Detection and classification of human factors in accidents are critical for taking effective precautions. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting civil aviation accidents in Turkey and increase aviation safety by raising awareness against the contributing factors in the accidents. Final accident reports of Turkish Civil Aviation Accidents, including fatalities or injuries between 2003 and 2017, were analysed retrospectively using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). 59 aviation accidents were included in this study. Crew Resource Management (CRM) (41.4%), Loss of Situational Awareness (LSA) (39.0%), and meteorology (29.2%) were found to be the most contributing factors in 41 Plane, Helicopter, Glider (PHG) accidents, while meteorology (77.7%) and CRM (61.1%) were found to be the most contributing factors in 18 Balloon accidents. The rate of HFACS levels in the PHG/Balloon accidents were found to be 90.2%/66.6% in Level-1 (Unsafe Acts), 95.1%/100% in Level-2 (Preconditions for Unsafe Acts), 78.0%/94.4% in Level-3 (Unsafe Supervision), and 58.5/83.3% in Level-4 (Organizational Influences). These findings show that human factors are still major contributing factors in aviation accidents. Academic training like CRM, Aviation Meteorology and LSA should be given more frequently to the aviators to prevent accidents. Including Spatial Disorientation, hypoxia, and night vision practical training into the civilian pilot training and integrating HFACS into the "Aviation Safety Management System" might help to reduce aviation accident rates.

Problems encountered in the management of sports injuries can lead to a prolonged treatment process and a long period of time away from sports that may cause significant economic loss, as well. To ensure the most effective return to sports, a multidisciplinary approach is often required. Research has demonstrated that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) shows promising results as a treatment modality for sports injuries. A search of the scientific literature was conducted using the keywords "hyperbaric oxygen therapy" and "sports injuries" across PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The positive effects of HBOT have been reported in the treatment of various sports injuries, including muscle and soft tissue injuries, as well as bone marrow edema. This review examines the physiological effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, as well as the findings obtained from animal injury models and human clinical studies on its use in sports injuries. The effects of HBOT vary depending on the type of injury, and it is generally more beneficial as an adjunctive treatment rather than as a standalone therapy. Although numerous studies have been published, a standardized treatment protocol has yet to be established. However, based on current protocols in the literature, it is believed that a 90- to 120-minute treatment session, administered at least five days per week at 2.0-2.5 ATA, will provide the greatest benefit. The total number of sessions should be determined by the physician following the treatment, based on the patient's specific condition and needs.

Aims: Given the high risk of treatment-related complications such as hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), avascular necrosis (AVN), and impaired wound healing in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing intensive therapies, this study aims to evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as a supportive treatment modality in this vulnerable patient population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 20 patients with hematologic malignancies who received HBOT at a tertiary hyperbaric medicine center between 2017 and 2023. Demographic data, HBOT indications, complications, outcomes, and mortality were analyzed. HBOT was administered at 2.4 ATA in either monoplace or multiplace chambers. Results: HBOT indications included AVN (35%), HC (30%), impaired wound healing (25%), sudden sensorineural hearing loss (5%), and central retinal artery occlusion (5%). Median follow-up was 595 days. No serious HBOT-related complications were reported except for a single case of mild barotrauma. No statistically significant association was found between the number of HBOT sessions and mortality or recurrence. Improvements in clinical outcomes were observed in most patients with HC and wound healing problems. Conclusion: HBOT appears to be a feasible and well-tolerated supportive treatment in patients with hematologic malignancies, particularly when administered under strict infection control measures. These findings support further prospective studies to validate its safety and efficacy in this vulnerable population.