Proximal femoral fractures are often seen in older patients and are associated with high mortality. Introduction to old age population is latening due to advancements in medical sciences and increasing life expectancy. The aim of the study was to evaluate factors affecting mortality in patients above 75 years of age who had been operated because of proximal femur fractures. Patients with age 75 and over who suffers from post-fall proximal femoral fracture who underwent surgery with one of following three methods (hemiarthroplasty, proximal femoral nail or total hip arthroplasty) were evaluated retrospectively. Effects on mortality were examined for factors such as type of surgery, type of anesthesia, preoperative ASA score (American Society of Anesthesiologists Score), need for intensive care, need for blood transfusion, operation waiting time and hospitalization duration. 115 patients who met inclusion criterion were included in the study out of 224 overall. 75 patients were women and 40 were males. Mortality rate after first year was found to be 40%. Patients over 85 years old had higher rates of mortality (p = 0,0003) than respectively younger patients (75-85). Sex was found to have no impact on mortality (p = 0.5039). There was no statistically significant difference in terms ASA score (p = 0.1518). Order of applied surgical methods with mortality risk rates was found to be total hip arthroplasty > hemiarthroplasty > proximal femoral nail (p = 0.0003). Type of anesthesia, the use of cement during arthroplasty, operation waiting time and hospitalization duration was not directly related with mortality rate (type of anesthesia p = 0.63, the use of cement during arthroplasty p = 0.223, operation waiting time p = 0.5 and hospitalization duration p = 0.19). Age is the primary risk factor on first year mortality in patients older than 75 years old with hip fractures. Addition to older age, more need to blood transfusions, and arthroplasty are other risk factors for first year mortality. It should be kept in mind that after 75 years old first year mortality may be higher if the patient is treated with arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to analyze the radiologic morphometry of the distal radius and wrist to assess acceptable limits for restoring normal wrist function after fracture.METHODS Radiological measurement parameters were measured retrospectively on anteroposterior and lateral (LAT) wrist radiographs (n=981). Radiological measurement parameters were volar tilt, radial inclination, radial height, ulnar variance, radiocarpal angle, and volar angulation angle. The patients' age, gender, and side of the radiograph were recorded as demographic data.RESULTS The mean volar tilt angle was 15.4 +/- 4.3 degrees. The mean radial inclination angle in males was 26.8 +/- 3.6 degrees. The mean radial height was 13.6 +/- 2.1 mm. The mean ulnar variance was 0.8 +/- 1.9 mm. One hundred and eighty-nine patients had negative ulnar variances. The mean radiocarpal angle was 12.3 +/- 2.7. The mean volar angulation angle was 32.1 +/- 6.9 degrees. Radial height was found to be positively correlated with radial inclination (p<0.001; r: 601), but it was not significantly correlated with ulnar variance (p=0.14).CONCLUSION Distal radius fractures are one of the most common types of fractures. Radiological measurement parameters were used in the determination and follow-up of the treatment. The values obtained in this study belong to the Turkish population. These values may be used as reference values in determining the quality of reduction after fracture and in the design of suitable implants for fracture treatment.

Introduction In this study, we investigated the relationship between femoral arterial calcification on preoperative hip radiography and post-operative complications and all-time mortality rates in patients with hip fracture >65 years old. Methods This retrospective study was conducted by evaluating the records of patients who were operated for hip fractures. All patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of lower extremity arterial calcification (LEAC) at the femoral artery which was diagnosed using the hip radiograph. The patients with and without the presence of LEAC were assigned as groups 1 and 2, respectively. A multivariate Cox algorithm was applied to recognize whether this radiological factor is independently associated with survival. Results The study included 530 patients (540 hips; 191 males and 339 females) with an average age of 80.8 +/- 7.6 years. In the study after 24.8 +/- 19.9 months (range:0-65 months) follow-up period, 336 (63.3%) patients had expired. Conversely, 194 (36.7%) patients are surviving. Survival rates at one month and one year after surgery were 89.5% and 65.7%, respectively. 234 of 540 hips (230 patients) have LEAC on the femoral artery. The survival rate at one month, one year, and overall survival were significantly higher in patients with LEAC. The postoperative infection rate was also two times higher in patients with LEAC than without LEAC (p = 0.021). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age, treatment modality (hemiarthroplasty), and the presence of femoral arterial calcification were independently associated with poor overall survival. Conclusions In our study, we found that the presence of femoral arterial calcification on the affected side of the hip identified on hip radiograph was independently associated with poor one month, one year, and overall survival as the patients had 1.5 times higher mortality rate. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between age and survival of patients with hip fracture, especially patients >80 years old.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the wide awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) technique and the infraclavicular brachial plexus block (ICB) in terms of effectiveness, safety, and patient satisfaction in hand and upper extremity surgeries. Methods: The patients were randomized into 2 groups as WALANT and ICB. The pain levels of the patients before, during, and after surgery were questioned and recorded according to the visual analog scale (VAS). Their satisfaction levels were evaluated using the Likert scale. The duration of anesthesia administration, onset of anesthesia effect, intraoperative additional analgesic needs, total duration of anesthesia effect, postoperative analgesic needs, length of hospital stay, total surgical duration, hospitalization costs and complications were evaluated. Results: ICB (group 1) was applied to 28 (50.9%), while WALANT (group 2) was applied to 27 (49.1%) of the patients. The mean anesthesia application time and postoperative hospital stay duration in Group 1 was significantly higher than Group 2. The satisfaction levels and the VAS scores were found to be statistically similar in both groups. The mean duration of anesthesia application and the total anesthesia duration was significantly shorter in group 2. It has been determined that there is a significant lower cost in group 2. Conclusion: The WALANT anesthesia technique may be an alternative to ICB in hand surgery operations due to its fast application, onset time, similar VAS score and patient satisfaction, and low cost.

BACKGROUND We assessed the treatment outcomes of patients assigned by sequential randomization to 3 groups: epicondylitis bandaging, wrist dorsiflexion splinting, and kinesio taping. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-four patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis were included in the study and randomly divided into 3 groups (n=18): epicondylitis bandage, wrist dorsiflexion splint, and kinesio tape. Patients were evaluated using a visual analog score (VAS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder (DASH) score, PRTEE (Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation) score, and hand grip strength at baseline and at 3 and 6 weeks. RESULTS Lateral epicondylitis was diagnosed in the right elbow in 40 patients and the left elbow in 14 patients. Lateral epicondylitis was on the dominant side in 39 patients and on the opposite side in 15. When the VAS, PRTEE, DASH, and wrist grip strengths of the patients who used epicondylitis bandage, wrist dorsiflexion splint, and kinesio tape in the treatment were compared, no significant difference was found between the results before treatment and at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment. CONCLUSIONS We found no significant differences between conservative treatment of lateral epicondylitis via epicondylitis bandage, wrist dorsiflexion splint, and kinesio tape at baseline and at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment as assessed by VAS, DASH score, PRTEE score, and hand grip strength.