Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted virtual reality (VR) applications on preoperative anxiety levels and vital signs in children undergoing endoscopy. Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was employed, including a total of 80 children aged 8–17 years (40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group). Children in the intervention group were exposed to VR applications featuring space and underwater themes, while the control group received standard procedures. Anxiety levels were assessed using the “State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC)”, and vital signs were evaluated through measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, and SpO₂. Results: VR applications significantly reduced anxiety scores in the intervention group (36.3 ± 1.9), while no significant changes were observed in the control group (45.4 ± 2.74) (p < 0.001). Regarding vital signs, more favorable outcomes were observed in the intervention group. Systolic blood pressure was measured as 89 ± 6.7 mmHg in the intervention group and 96.5 ± 10.5 mmHg in the control group (p < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure was 60.8 ± 4.7 mmHg in the intervention group and 63.8 ± 6 mmHg in the control group (p < 0.05). Heart rate was recorded as 88.7 ± 10.1 bpm in the intervention group and 94.5 ± 14.8 bpm in the control group (p < 0.05). SpO₂ levels were 98 ± 1 in the intervention group and 96.2 ± 1.3 in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: AI-assisted VR applications emerge as an effective non-pharmacological method for reducing preoperative anxiety and promoting physiological stability in children. This approach holds the potential to enhance pediatric experiences during invasive procedures such as endoscopy.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of moderate-intensity physical exercise on serum inflammation markers and the immune system in rats that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with intermittent fasting. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 Wistar albino male rats were included in the study and divided into eight groups, each consisting of six rats. Group 1 served as the control group (CG), receiving a standard diet. Group 2 followed the standard nutrition program with intermittent fasting (CG + IF). Group 3 underwent exercise with a standard diet (CG + E). Group 4 underwent both a standard diet with intermittent fasting and exercise (CG + IF + E). Group 5 was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Group 6 received a high-fat diet with intermittent fasting (HFD + IF). Group 7 followed a high-fat diet with exercise (HFD + E). Group 8 underwent both a high-fat diet with intermittent fasting and exercise (HFD + IF + E). The study lasted for 8 weeks. Results: The results of the analysis show that lymphocyte cell levels in groups HFD + IF, HFD + IF, and HFD + IF + E were higher compared to groups CG-HFD (p < 0.05). Additionally, B lymphocyte and monocyte cell levels were higher in group HFD + IF + E compared to groups CG, CG + IF, and CG + IF + E, as well as CG, CG + IF, and CG + E, respectively. TNF-α levels were significantly higher in group HFD compared to the other groups. Furthermore, IL 10 levels were higher in group HFD + IF + E compared to the other groups. Conclusions: These findings indicate that moderate exercise and intermittent fasting, particularly in groups fed a high-fat diet, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and certain immune system cell counts, while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.

Aim: The current study investigated the effects of artemisinin on the heart and lung tissue against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice. For this purpose, malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were evaluated in both tissue homogenates.Material and Method: Swiss albino male mice (n=42) were used in the experiment. Animals were divided into six groups; Control (C), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), valproate 100 mg/kg (VPA), artemisinin 30 mg/kg (ARS)+PTZ, ARS 60 mg/kg+PTZ, ARS 120 mg/kg+PTZ. On the 26th day of the experiment, the mice were sacrificed and the samples were kept at -80 0C for biochemical analysis.Results: There were significant differences in the five biochemical parameters analyzed in heart and lung tissues. Heart and lung MDA levels of the PTZ group were found to be significantly higher than the C and ARS-60 groups (p<0.05). Heart and lung MDA levels of the PTZ group were found to be significantly higher than the C and ARS-60 groups. Likewise, heart AOPP levels decreased significantly in the VPA and ARS-60 groups compared to the PTZ group (p0.05). Heart CAT and GSH levels were decreased in the PTZ group compared to the other groups. However, in terms of Lung CAT levels, the PTZ group had the highest value compared to the other groups, while it had the lowest value in terms of GSH level. The GSH-Px level did not differ significantly between the groups in heart tissue (p>0.05). The lung GSH-Px level was significantly increased in the ARS-30 group when compared to the PTZ group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Consequently ARS treatment can inhibit PTZ-induced oxidative stress in peripheral tissues. In addition, ARS may provide improvements in decreased antioxidant enzymes. ARS may contribute to the antioxidant defense system.

Aim: This study was performed to investigate the effect of exercise on serum resistin and leptin values in rats fed with a high-fat diet. Material and Method: 24 Wistar albino male rats were used in the study. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group. The groups were determined as the control group (C), exercise group (E), high-fat diet (HFD) group, and high-fat diet + exercise (HFDE) Group. Results: When the findings obtained in this study were evaluated statistically, it was determined that the resistin values were similar in the C, E and HFDE groups, and higher in the HFD group compared to the other groups. It was observed that resistin value increased with high-fat diet and decreased with exercise. When evaluated in terms of leptin levels, the C and E groups showed similarity, while the HFD and HFDE groups showed similarity with each other. Although exercise decreased the leptin level, which was highly increased with a high-fat diet, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It has been determined that feeding with a high-fat diet causes an increase in serum resistin and leptin levels, and exercise provides a significant decrease in resistin values, but is not effective in leptin levels.

Aim: In our study, the therapeutic effect of resveratrol against the toxicity of cisplatin in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus with streptozotocin was investigated. Material and Method: 64 rats were used in the study. 8 groups were randomly formed, with 8 rats in each group. Group 1 was determined as the control group. Group 2 (STZ) was injected with 60 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally (ip) on the first day to induce diabetes. Group 3 (RES) was given 100 mg/kg of resveratrol orally every day. Group 4 (SIS), a single dose of cisplatin 7 mg/kg (ip) was administered 3 days later. Group 5 (STZ+RES), group 6 (STZ+SIS), group 7 (RES+SIS) and group 8 (STZ+SIS+RES) were determined. Results: While there was weight gain in the control and RES groups during the experiment, the STZ and STZ + SIS groups showed a significant decrease in body weights of the rats. In the groups given streptozotocin and cisplatin together with resveratrol, there was no decrease in body weight, but a small increase was observed. In groups with increased blood glucose values with streptozotocin, these values were found to have dropped significantly with resveratrol. The TAS level has increased significantly in groups RES, STZ+RES, SIS+RES and STZ+SIS+RES according to the control group; no significant difference has been found in the other groups compared to the control group. While the AST level was significantly higher in the STZ, SIS and STZ+SIS groups compared to the control group, the ALT level was found to be significantly higher in the STZ and STZ+SIS groups compared to the control group. Creatinine was found to be significantly higher in SIS, STZ+SIS, RES+SIS and STZ+SIS+RES groups compared to the control group. The SIS group and RES+SIS and STZ+SIS+RES groups were compared, the decrease in the RES+SIS and STZ+SIS+RES groups was statistically significant. QT (ms) values increased significantly in the STZ and STZ+SIS groups compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference in the other groups. According to the control group, the heart rate per minute was found to be significantly lower in the STZ and STZ+SIS groups. Conclusion: As a result, it was seen that the use of resveratrol would be effective in reducing the increased glucose levels in the treatment of diabetes and in the treatment of possible complications.

Aim: In this study, the effect of intermittent fasting on growth hormone (GH) and ghrelin was examined in rats that fed on a standard diet without any application that may cause the values to decrease or increase in order to see the net effect of intermittent fasting. Materials and Methods: 12 Wistar albino male rats were divided into the 1st group as Control (standard diet 2.8% crude fat. 23.1% crude protein. 5% crude fiber. 7.1% crude ash and 12.8% moisture) and the 2nd group as the intermittent fasting together with the diet group (with a 24-hour break from the non-consecutive diet for 2 days a week and all food restricted except water). Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that the growth hormone in the intermittent fasting together with the standard diet group tended to increase compared to the control group, and while this value difference was not statistically significant, the ghrelin level was found to be statistically lower than the control group. Conclusion: As a result, it was found that intermittent fasting tends to increase the level of growth hormone, and to have a decreasing effect on ghrelin level, and it was concluded that it can be considered among the methods to be used to treat obesity and prevent its occurrence.