Multiplexed detection of biomarkers, i.e., simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in a single assay, is a process of great advantages including enhanced diagnostic precision, improved diagnostic efficiency, reduced diagnostic cost, and alleviated pain of patients. A typical lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a widely used paper-based immunochromatographic test strip designed to detect a target biomarker through two common formats: sandwich assay and competitive assay. In order to obtain qualitative or quantitative results, a probe with unique optical or magnetic properties is usually employed to characterize the concentration of the target biomarker. The typical LFIA is suitable for point-of-care testing due to its simplicity, portability, cost-effectiveness, and rapid detection of a target biomarker. However, detection of a single biomarker in the typical LFIA is not favorable for high throughput analysis. Therefore, multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs has been extensively studied in recent years for high throughput analysis. To accomplish multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs, the most frequently used structure is a test strip with multiple test lines (TLs), where each TL can detect a specific biomarker. An alternative structure, i.e., a multi-channel structure with multiple test strips, where each test strip has one TL for detecting a specific biomarker, is employed for multiplexed detection of biomarkers. Sometimes, a single test strip with only one TL containing different receptors, where each detection receptor corresponds to a specific biomarker, is another structure applied for multiplexed detection of biomarkers. This paper reviews three common structures for multiplexed detection of biomarkers in LFIAs, i.e., a test strip with multiple TLs, a multi-channel structure with multiple test strips, and a test strip with a single TL. Based on the three common structures, different signal detection strategies that include colorimetric detection, fluorescence detection, surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection, and magnetic detection, along with performance and perspectives are discussed.

Disease diagnostics, food safety monitoring and environmental quality monitoring are the key means to safeguard human health.

With the successful demonstration of terahertz (THz) high-speed wireless data transmission, the THz frequencies are now becoming a worth candidate for post-5G wireless communications. On the other hand, to bring THz communications a step closer to real scenario application, solving high data rate realtime transmission is also an important issue. This paper describes a 220-GHz solid-state dual-carrier wireless link whose maximum transmission real-time data rates are 20.8 Gbps (10.4 Gbps per channel). By aggregating two carrier signals in the THz band, the contradiction between high real-time data rate communication and low sampling rate analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is alleviated. The transmitting and receiving front-ends consist of 220-GHz diplexers, 220-GHz sub-harmonic mixers based on anti-parallel Schottky barrier diodes, G-band low-noise amplifiers (LNA), WR-4.3 band high-gain Cassegrain antennas, high data rates dual-DAC and —ADC baseband platform and other components. The low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding is also realized to improve the bit error rate (BER) of the received signal. Modulated signals are centered at 214.4 GHz and 220.6 GHz with −11.9 dBm and −13.4 dBm output power for channel 1 and 2, respectively. This link is demonstrated to achieve 20.8-Gbps real-time data transmission using 16-QAM modulation over a distance of 1030 m. The measured signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 17.3 dB and 16.5 dB, the corresponding BER is 8.6e-7 and 3.8e-7, respectively. Furthermore, 4K video transmission is also carried out which is clear and free of stutter. The successful transmission of aggregated channels in this wireless link shows the great potential of THz communication for future wireless high-rate real-time data transmission applications.

Cardiovascular diseases has become a major hidden danger threating people's life. For the prevention of chronic circulatory diseases, we should carry out disease monitoring in real time to minimize damage to human health. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the clinical biochemical analyzer, integration with biochemical sensor with the internet is considered to be an ideal solution to the long term chronic disease monitoring. Broadcast Television Network has access to the broadband network through the set-top box. At present, the market of health monitoring is undergoing a fast development. Based on the universe television device in the family, we combined the total cholesterol and triglyceride test strip with television controller to realize remote cardiovascular diseases management and prevention. Total cholesterol and triglyceride is the key to diagnose cardiovascular diseases in clinical, and thus both of which are prepared to monitor the personal health parameter for cardiovascular diseases. Taking account of portable, fast and simple features in internet of things, the proposed remote medical device can satisfy the family monitoring requirements and predicted to be widely applied in the near future.