Although the research has demonstrated that outcome expectations influence physical activity, the precise underlying mechanisms remain ambiguous. Therefore, this study employed a cross-sectional research design to investigate the effect of outcome expectations on physical activity and to examine the roles of body appreciation and health status. A total of 1349 participants (M_age = 19.42, SD = 1.51; 410 males, 939 females) were recruited for this study and the data were analyzed using a combination of path analysis and network analysis. The results reveal that outcome expectations positively predict physical activity. Body appreciation mediated the relationship between outcome expectation and physical activity. Furthermore, health status moderated the relationship between body appreciation and physical activity. Specifically, body appreciation did not influence physical activity for individuals with a low health status. Network analysis further revealed that there were more edges between body appreciation and physical activity in the high health status group compared to the low health status group. For individuals with a high health status, BA1 and PA1 exhibited the strongest connection among all the edges between body appreciation and physical activity. Outcome expectations play a significant role in physical activity, with body appreciation acting as a mediator. Health status moderates the effect of body appreciation on physical activity, suggesting that interventions targeting body appreciation may be more effective for individuals with a better health status. These findings offer insights for tailored physical activity interventions.

Although numerous researches have explored the effects of perceived stress on health, studies on the cognitive domain, particularly creativity, remain limited. This study employed a cross-sectional research design to investigate 967 participants. Structural equation modeling and network analysis were conducted to explore the effects of perceived stress on creativity and to examine the role of subjective well-being and depression in this relationship. The results showed that perceived stress negatively predicted individuals’ creativity levels. Subjective well-being mediated the relationship between perceived stress and creativity, while depression moderated this relationship. Specifically, perceived stress levels had no effect on creativity among individuals with higher depression. The results of the network analysis revealed that the relationship between perceived stress and creativity differed across levels of depression. At low depression levels, PSS3 exhibited a relatively strong negative connection with PEFCS2, whereas at high depression levels, PSS1 demonstrated a positive association with PEFCS11.