Epidemiological studies report inconsistent findings regarding the association between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and cancer risk. Genetic variations—particularly single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FADS1 and FADS2 genes—affect PUFA metabolism, linking circulating PUFA levels to the risk of several cancers, including breast, colorectal, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. This review aimed to investigate the relationship between FADS1 and FADS2 gene variants and dietary intake, supplementation, or intervention with omega-3 fatty acids, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), or their combination in cancer patients. A secondary objective was to examine genetically determined fatty acid profiles—shaped by FADS1 and FADS2 polymorphisms—in cancer patients without intervention and their potential association with PUFA-related cancer risk. A systematic search of the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases (up to 2024) identified 11 eligible studies out of 298 initial records. Analysis of the available literature suggests that specific FADS genotypes influence long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) concentrations in blood and tissues and that altered LC-PUFA levels may contribute to cancer development. The most consistent association identified is between the rs174537 variant and altered PUFA metabolism in prostate and breast cancer. However, conclusive evidence is lacking on the impact of dietary patterns on FADS desaturase activity or expression. Only one study has examined omega-3 supplementation in relation to FADS gene variants in prostate cancer patients, while the effects of GLA supplementation remain unexplored. Given the relative novelty of this research area and the limited number of studies, future investigations should integrate dietary PUFA intake, genetic variation in PUFA-metabolizing enzymes, and potential gene–nutrient interactions involving FADS gene polymorphisms and PUFAs to clarify their role in cancer risk.

Introduction: As a widespread malignancy in women throughout the world, breast cancer has an extremely high incidence and mortality rate and therefore poses a serious public health concern. Metastasis of breast carcinoma in the urinary bladder wall poses a challenge in diagnosis because it is a rare and sometimes asymptomatic disease. This paper aims to present a rare case of urinary bladder metastasis originating from invasive lobular breast carcinoma and to emphasize the importance of recognizing atypical metastatic sites. Case Report: A 58-year-old woman with a three-year history of lobular carcinoma of the right breast presented with urinary symptoms and bilateral hydronephrosis. The initial tumor was triple-negative, staged T4bN3M0. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (anthracyclines and taxanes), radiotherapy, and modified radical mastectomy. The histopathological assessment of tumor response to therapy: almost complete response (pNCR), and two of ten lymph nodes were positive for metastases. The treatment was continued with Capecitabine in an adjuvant approach (8 cycles), and the patient remained asymptomatic for two years. Subsequently, she developed urosepsis and was hospitalized for bilateral hydronephrosis and renal calculi. Imaging (CT) revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, and cystoscopy showed bullous edema of the bladder wall. The histopathological examination after TUR showed infiltratory carcinoma of the urinary bladder wall, and immunohistochemical staining was positive for GATA3, GCDFP-15, CDX2, and Mamaglobin. It was concluded that it was a metastasis of breast carcinoma in the urinary bladder wall. Conclusion: Despite therapeutic advances, prognosis remains poor. Awareness of this unusual metastatic pattern is crucial for timely recognition, accurate diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management.

Introduction: Standard therapy for patients with ovarian cancer involves cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Factors such as the stage of the disease at diagnosis, the histological type of the tumor, the size of the tumor and the presence of residual disease after cytoreductive surgery influence the prognosis of patients. Material and methods: This scientific paper presents a retrospective study in which the following parameters were analyzed by analyzing data obtained from the documentation of patients treated for ovarian cancer at the Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia and the Institute of Oncology of Vojvodina: age of patients, period from last chemotherapy to disease progression, number of bevacizumab cycles received, disease stage, reasons for discontinuation of bevacizumab, type of surgery, and pathological verification of the disease. Results: We have shown that PFS is longer in the operated group (suboptimal operation) compared to those who were not operated (p < 0.05, Log-Rank test). There is no statistically significant difference in PFS between stages IIIc and IV, as determined by Log-Rank test. Additionally, in our research, there was no significant difference in the number of operated patients based on disease stage IIIc or IV (p = 0.361). Conclusions: Our data show that cytoreduction appears to confer a survival advantage in women with ovarian cancer treated with a combination of bevacizumab and chemotherapy. New studies should show whether the stage of the disease plays a significant role in the survival of patients with ovarian cancer.

Introduction. Ribociclib belongs to the family of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors and it has been approved in 2017 for the treatment of patients with hormone receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer. As a drug that has been used for treatment of breast cancer for only few years its rare side effects are described through different case reports. Skin photosensitivity represents a range of dermatological conditions that are caused or exacerbated by sunlight exposure. Drug-induced photosensitivity can be seen in patients treated with all kinds of oncology treatments, including chemotherapeutic agents, targeted anticancer therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Case outline. We present a case of a patient with metastatic hormone receptor positive and HER2- metastatic breast cancer who developed phototoxic skin changes during the treatment with ribociclib/letrozole. During the treatment, the patient developed mild redness of the skin in a strict photosensitive distribution and rash changed to erythematous confluent plaques on the neck and upper part of the chest, face, and forearms. After treatment cessation the skin changes did not reappear. Conclusion. As the observed cutaneous adverse effect subsided after the treatment cessation and did not reappear after the initiation of palbociclib/letrozole treatment, it can be concluded that the adverse effects were the consequence of ribociclib action. Management of cutaneous adverse effects is different depending mostly of grade of cutaneous adverse effect and its severity.