The article presents the results of research on the search for universal vegetation indices on spring barley plants grown on a hydroponic system in a closed climate chamber. Using a spectrophotometer, the concentrations of chlorophyll in the leaves of spring barley during the tillering phase ranged in chlorophyll Cl a from 0.17 to 0.35 mg/cm 2 , chlorophyll Cl b from 0.11 to 0.31 mg/cm 2 , chlorophyll Cl a+b from 0.11 to 0.25 mg/cm 2 and carotenoids (Car) from 0.11 to 0.19 mg/cm 2 . To quantify the chlorophyll content, several vegetation indices were derived, calculated on the basis of the reflection coefficient at certain wavelengths. By collecting spectral images of spring barley leaves and using Spearman correlation, we found a close correlation between CVI and OSAVI indices with Cl a+b at r 2 = 0.93 and r 2 = 0.91. This work has shown that the use of vegetation indices is promising for assessing the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of spring barley. Thus, hyperspectral assessment can be used as a non-destructive and effective method in selection and seed production of this crop.

In this study, we investigated the possible effects of cobalt and boron nanoparticles as an inducer of the first stages of development (germination) of hard and soft wheat when simulating flooding as one of the limiting environmental factors. We also investigated the remote effect of treating wheat grains with nanoparticles when flooding was applied already at the tillering stage. To identify the effects of nanoparticles, we used morphometric, biochemical and phenotypic parameters of seedlings and plants of two wheat species differing in origin and the response of these parameters to flooding. Positive effects were found at the germination stage, increasing quantitative indicators under stress. The sensitivity of wheat species to flooding was different, which corresponds to historical and climatic aspects of cultivation. Sensitivity to stress effects associated with loss of germination, decreased growth and photosynthesis was shown for both species. Treatment with cobalt and boron nanoparticles enhanced adaptation to stress and improved photosynthetic parameters, but the encouraging results under stressful conditions were ambiguous and in the case of soft wheat could lead to deterioration of some parameters. Thus, the use of boron and cobalt nanoparticles has potential for reducing productivity under stress, but requires a detailed assessment of the cultivation protocol depending on the genotype.