Multiferroics, combining ferroelectric and magnetic orders, enable magnetoelectric (ME) coupling for advanced applications. This mini review explores single-phase and composite multiferroics, examining phenomenological, microscopic, nanostructured, and quantum mechanisms driving ME effects. Phenomenological models quantify coupling coefficients, while microscopic approaches reveal spin-lattice interactions, including frustrated spin states and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya contributions. Nanostructured systems, such as plasmonic skyrmion lattices and metasurfaces, enhance ME effects for tunable birefringence and electromagnon amplification. Quantum heat engines utilize spin entanglement and topological protection in chiral chains and skyrmion lattices for efficient energy conversion. Applications include high-sensitivity magnetic sensors, tunable radio-frequency devices, energy-efficient MERAM, energy harvesters, quantum heat engines, and thermal diodes. Future research aims to optimize room-temperature ME coupling, scalability, coherence, and biocompatibility for innovations in sensing, quantum computing, and sustainable energy.

In the present project, we study the dynamics of the two-level system coupled with the multimode optical system. In particular, we considered a square lattice of optical fibers. We aimed to answer whether we can infer information about the thermalization of optical modes through the thermalization of two-level atoms. After averaging over the set of modes, the dynamic of the two-level system is free of quantum revivals, and that is the signature of thermalization. We showed that the temperature of the two-level system increases with the temperature of optical modes and mean photon number. In the high-temperature limit of optical modes, the temperature of the two-level system tends to be infinity, and level populations are equal.

This study investigates the integration of modern engineering techniques, including 3D scanning and additive manufacturing, in the design and production of wrist orthoses. The research aims to enhance orthotic devices by proposing three innovative fastening methods - Velcro straps, screws, and magnets - designed for use with 3D-printed orthoses. The study outlines the entire process from patient hand scanning to the final orthosis creation, emphasizing the precision and customization afforded by these advanced technologies. The proposed designs are intended to improve the comfort, effectiveness, and usability of orthoses for patients with musculoskeletal dysfunctions. The findings demonstrate the potential for significant advancements in personalized medical devices, offering new avenues for rehabilitation and patient care.

Dynamic mechanical analysis is widely used to characterize viscoelastic materials, yet the physical origin of the measured phase shift remains only partially understood for structurally extended specimens. Its standard interpretation typically assumes a single, effective phase shift between applied stress and strain. In this work, we investigate the temperature-dependent viscoelastic response of medical- grade acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) fabricated by fused filament fabrication and injection molding, combining DMA measurements, fractographic analysis, and analytical modeling. Rectangular beam specimens were subjected to three-point bending DMA over a tempera- ture range spanning the glass transition region. The storage modulus, loss modulus, and phase shift were determined as functions of tem- perature and compared between manufacturing routes. While both materials exhibit nearly identical glass transition temperatures, the 3D- printed samples exhibit a modest reduction in storage modulus, reflecting microstructural heterogeneity introduced by the layer-wise fabri- cation process. Fractographic observations reveal characteristic interlayer features and microvoids that correlate with the observed mechan- ical response. To interpret the temperature-dependent phase shift, we develop a theoretical model of a damped vibrating beam in which each eigenmode contributes with its own phase shift. By introducing a temperature-dependent effective damping coefficient, the model’s mode-averaged phase shift reproduces the experimental DMA data with high accuracy. By linking DMA phase measurements to the mode dynamics of the tested structure, the proposed framework establishes DMA as a structure-sensitive dynamical probe and is applicable to a broad class of polymer, composite, and additively manufactured materials.

Electric wheelchairs significantly enhance mobility for individuals with disabilities, but navigating confined or crowded spaces remains a challenge. This paper presents a mechatronic anticollision system based on Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors designed to improve wheelchair navigation in such environments. The system performs eight-plane 3D environmental scans in 214–358 ms, with a vertical field of view of 12.4° and a detection range of up to 4 m—sufficient for effective obstacle avoidance. Unlike existing solutions like the YDLIDAR T-mini Plus, which has a narrow vertical field of view and a longer detection range that may be excessive for indoor spaces, or the xLIDAR, which struggles with shorter detection ranges, our system balances an optimal detection range and vertical scanning area, making it especially suitable for wheelchair users. Preliminary tests confirm that our system achieves high accuracy, with a standard deviation as low as 0.003 m and a maximum deviation below 0.05 m at a 3-m range on high-reflectivity surfaces (e.g., white and light brown). Our solution offers low power consumption (140 mA) and USB communication, making it an energy-efficient and easy-to-integrate solution for electric wheelchairs. Future work will focus on enhancing angular precision and robustness for dynamic, real-world environments.