Geothermal resources are a type of green energy, primarily utilized in buildings for cooling and heating through heat pump systems. However, heat pump systems all face the challenges of high operating energy consumption and cost. In this study, in order to solve the problem of the high total energy consumption of compressors and pumps in traditional ground source heat pump systems, a new ground source heat pump system with coupled evaporative condensers (EC-GSHP) is proposed, and a calculation model was built to compare and analyze its comprehensive performance compared with a traditional ground source heat pump in different climate environments. It was concluded that in a region with balanced cooling and heating loads, the energy consumption was reduced by 48.48 kW, the cooling energy saving coefficient (CESC) was 21.09%, and the comprehensive coefficient of performance (COP) increased by 1.31. In a region where the total cooling load was greater than the total heating load, the energy consumption was reduced by 105.19 kW, the CESC was 22.98%, and the comprehensive COP increased by 1.49. In a region where the total heating load was greater than the total cooling load, the energy consumption was reduced by 47.77 kW, the CESC was 21.41%, and the comprehensive COP increased by 1.30. It can be seen that the cooling and energy saving performance of the EC-GSHP system is significantly better than that of a traditional GSHP.

To address the imbalance between the shearing–mixing quality and energy efficiency of deepwater drilling mud mixers and breakthrough the limitations of existing independent single-objective analytical perspectives, the Eulerian solid–liquid two-phase numerical simulation was adopted in this study. Combined with a modified shear rate algorithm and a triple energy coupling analysis of shear rate, Lamb vortex energy and Enstrophy, the energy conversion and particle dispersion mechanisms inside the mixer under variable flow rates and solid concentrations were systematically investigated, and the performance differences between the first-generation and optimized mixers were clarified. Structural optimizations including an additional modular stator with a designed shear gap of 2 mm, improved blade profiles and shear angles to 14.2°, and miniaturized radial dimensions of the impeller and volute were implemented to achieve compact structural upgrading. The results demonstrate that high-energy regions are concentrated in the rotor–stator gap. After optimization, the peak shear rate increases from 12,010 s⁻¹ to 17,092 s⁻¹, representing a 42.3% enhancement. The peak Lamb vortex energy and the mean Enstrophy rise by 8.6% and 18.9%, respectively. Shear rate correlates weakly positively with Lamb vortex energy and strongly negatively with Enstrophy, revealing vortex sensitivity to flow velocity and tight coupling of viscous dissipation to particle concentration. The outlet coefficient of variation C_v decreases by 59.6%. Higher flow rates strengthen the coupling of shear and vortex energy, and higher solid concentrations weaken stator shear performance. The optimized mixer achieves synergistic improvements in shear efficiency and mixing quality, with over 50% enhancement in mud dispersion stability and more than 15%.

Heat pump technology can efficiently recover waste heat from oil and gas gathering, processing, and transportation. However, the energy transfer mechanism of high-speed rotating internal flow in the scroll compressor remains unclear under unbalanced load conditions, leading to low equipment energy efficiency and high operation and maintenance costs. This study adopted dynamic grid technology, finite element analysis and one-way thermal–fluid–solid coupling method to quantitatively study the flow field characteristics and mechanical response of four characteristic phases. The results showed that the internal pressure and temperature fields of the compressor presented a non-uniform distribution. The deformation of the scroll wraps was mainly concentrated in the compression chamber, and the maximum stress was concentrated at the wraps’ root. Further analysis revealed that temperature loading played a dominant role in the structural responses. At a spindle rotation angle of 0°, under temperature loading alone, the maximum deformation and maximum stress were 28.605 μm and 521.81 MPa, respectively, while the corresponding values under pressure loading alone were small. In addition, the deformation and stress under coupled loading were not a linear superposition of the individual loading effects, with a deformation deviation of 0.938 μm and a stress deviation of 7.18 MPa at a spindle rotation angle of 0°. In this study, a numerical model of the scroll compressor was established and experimentally verified, which provided a theoretical basis for optimizing scroll profile design, suppressing wrap tip wear and improving the energy efficiency of heat pump systems.

The compressor in the heat pump is crucial for efficient geothermal energy utilization, but faces challenges in optimizing energy efficiency, especially under variable working conditions. This paper investigates the complex energy characteristics of the R134a refrigerant in centrifugal compressors using CFD, combining entropy generation and relative energy rotor enthalpy to analyze energy conversion theory. Key factors such as temperature and pressure are fully considered. The results indicate that energy loss in centrifugal compressors mainly occurs in the gap between the blade top and near the tongue, with a vortex tendency at the impeller’s tail edge. As the flow rate increases from 1.2 kg/s to 1.45 kg/s, the maximum total entropy generation in the impeller decreases by 161%, and the rotor enthalpy minimum value increases by about 90%. This energy conversion analysis method can identify changes in the location and extent of energy loss, offering a new perspective for optimizing the structure and energy-saving design of centrifugal impellers.