The development of mineral resources in China is increasingly targeting the recovery of residual ore bodies, which significantly elevates geotechnical risks, including goaf collapse and pillar instability. To address these challenges, this study developed an integrated ground pressure control system that coordinates mining, backfilling, and support technologies. The system is dynamically optimized through a microseismic monitoring-based feedback mechanism, forming a closed-loop disaster management framework. Based on a two-year microseismic monitoring campaign (October 2012–September 2014), which captured 103 located events, a strong spatial clustering of seismic activity was observed, with over 7% of event pairs occurring within 20 m, particularly at the abutment of the syncline ore body. A zonal early-warning model was established using key parameters (event rate ratio ≥ 3, cluster density ≥ 15 events/10,000 m³, energy ratio ≥ 4). The effectiveness of the control system was validated by a 5.9% reduction in located events and a decrease in maximum magnitude from 0.3 to −0.2, despite a 34% year-on-year increase in ore production in 2019. These results demonstrate that the integrated approach provides a reliable and adaptive solution for ground pressure disaster prevention during residual ore recovery.

An isolated roof is an indispensable component of overlapping goaf. Focusing on the influence of dislocated width and width ratio on the stability of the isolated roof, this study analyzes the change rule of the safety factor of the roof supported by misaligned pillars and reveals the evolution characteristics of it by integrating numerical simulation into the strength reduction method. Firstly, with the increase of the dislocated width, the safety factor experienced three stages of sharp decrease, change from decrease to increase, and rapid increase. Secondly, the width ratio λ = 2 can be determined as the critical value of the safety reserve of the roof. In the interval λ ˂ 2, F decreases sharply with the increase of λ, but when λ ˃ 2, F decreases slowly and tends to 0. Thirdly, the overlap rate of pillars is a determinant of the type of damage but not of the safety factor of the roof. When η = 0, the safety factor is independent of the overlap rate. Furthermore, increasing the dislocated width can make the failure units accumulate continuously and then promote the plastic zone to expand gradually, resulting in roof collapse due to the penetration of the failure units. In this process, the tensile failure zone evolves from a single fold line to a wavy line, and the shear failure zone changes from a diagonal strip to a square strip. The study provides a new method to improve the stability of the roof, which is helpful to significantly reduce the collapse risk of overlapping goaf.

The regular ore body of the Xianglushan tungsten mine has been completely exploited. The remaining residual ore bodies face numerous hidden dangers, such as large and numerous abandoned mining areas, disorderly and small-scale mining sequences, delayed filling processes, and poor effectiveness. To achieve the zoning warning of ground pressure disasters such as roof caving, caving, and pillar collapse during the mining process of the hidden-danger ore body in the mine, a targeted warning technology system is proposed. We use microseismic monitoring systems to analyze events in the main monitoring areas and summarize specific ground pressure manifestation areas and event characteristics. Based on microseismic monitoring data that identified areas of significant ground pressure, a zoning model was constructed for risk rating and area locking. Based on this model, a safety warning technology for mining residual ore bodies with hidden dangers was established. Summarizing and analyzing, it is found that the disaster warning mode for controlling hidden dangers and residual ore body mining processes through microseismic monitoring is effective and has played a certain demonstration role, providing reference value for other similar mines.