The focus of this report was to understand the tensile properties and dynamic mechanical properties of bamboo powder (BP) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composite filaments which were treated with nano calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and micro-crystalline cellulose (MCC) using impregnation modification technology. The storage modulus (E’) of nano CaCO₃-BP/PLA, MCC-BP/PLA, and CNF-BP/PLA composite filaments increased compared with BP/PLA composite filaments before the glass transition temperature T_g. When the temperature was above T_g, the reinforcement effect of nano CaCO₃, MCC, and CNF gradually became less apparent. The loss modulus (E’’) and loss factor (tan δ_max) of the nano CaCO₃-BP/PLA, MCC-BP/PLA, and CNF-BP/PLA composite filaments was higher than that of BP/PLA composite filaments produced by the “one-step” method. The tensile strength (TS) results showed a similar trend. Compared with the control samples, the TS of nano CaCO₃-BP/PLA, MCC-BP/PLA, and CNF-BP/PLA composite filaments produced by the “one-step” method (and the “two-step” method) increased by 40.33% (and 10.10%), 32.35% (and −8.61%), and 12.32% (and −12.85%), respectively. The TS of nano CaCO₃-BP/PLA, MCC-BP/PLA, and CNF-BP/PLA composite filaments produced by the “one-step” method was slightly higher than those produced by the “two-step” method. The elongation at break (EAB) of BP/PLA composite filaments was higher than that of BP/PLA samples treated with nano CaCO₃, MCC, or CNF. The PLA and modified BP were readily accessible through a simple mixing process. The rheological investigation of such mixtures showed that nano CaCO₃, CNF, and MCC have different effects on the processability and rheological properties of composites.

The focus of this study was to observe the mechanical properties of bamboo plastic composites (BPCs) with bamboo pulp fiber (BPF) or white mud (WM). The essential work of fracture (EWF) methodology was used to characterize the impact toughness of BPCs. The results revealed an increase in flexural, tensile and impact properties, when adding the BPF in the BPCs. While the flexural properties of WM-reinforced BPCs revealed increasing, there was a decrease in tensile and impact strength. In an impact strength analysis study, BPF-filled BPCs showed excellent impact property over WM-filled BPCs; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) helps to explain impact fracture behavior of BPCs. EWF analysis of impact results showed that the specific essential work of fracture (w_e) increased significantly with the amount of BPF used in BPCs but decreased with the increase of WM in the BPCs. There was similar variation for the non-essential plastic work (βw_p) of BPCs. This result indicates that the fracture initiation and fracture propagation of BPCs are different.