Agroecosystems form a natural ecosystem component, allowing the proper classification of a regional biome at a global scale. It is important to view agroecosystems from a micro-environmental perspective given that they are characterised by a combination of factors, including the interaction of soil–plant–atmosphere conditions, which are largely responsive to human management practices. The published literature generally provides a limited explanation of the multidimensional nature of agroecosystems. In combination, agroecosystem practices promote efficient water use and nutrient cycling in defence of regenerative agriculture ethos. Sustainable agroecosystem practices can be combined to explain how to mitigate the risks to biodiversity. This study aims to present a review of predominant advances in sustainable crop production from the perspective of the agroecosystem. A hybrid methodology of data mining and interpretation was used to establish the meaning and relationships of the major research areas that have emerged over time and dominate the narrative of sustainable agroecosystem definition and practices. Crop diversification, sustainable soil management, integrated pest management, sustainable water resource management, and precision agriculture were selected using document summarisation and entity relation modelling to generate and explain relationships between various components of sustainable agroecosystems based on the existing literature. A major finding is the confirmation of comparable applications in different regions, whose explanation is enhanced by recent advances in data summation. This review concludes that sustainable agroecosystems are separable in meaning and impact. However, it is reasonable to recommend the need for future research into their integration for implementation and interpretation.

Agroecosystems support food production through ecosystem services, agricul- tural activities and socio-aspects such as traditional knowledge and technology. These agroecological practices benefit the agroecosystem such as biodiversity, pest control and soil conservation, water conservation and climate change mit-igation. The review aims to investigate the recent advances in sustainable crop production that have emerged over the years such as agroecological practices and precision agriculture. Some agroecological practices reviewed include co-ver crops, intercropping, crop rotations and agroforestry. The practices that were found to have advanced than others were intercropping followed by crop rotation and agroforestry. Factors influencing farmers' adoption or non-adop-tion of these practices such as farm or land size, age, sex, skills and knowledge are also explained. The farm size followed age, skills, and knowledge followed by age and sex were the dominant factors that were responsible for adoption and non-adoption. The various types of crop diversification had an impact on the environment, crop growth and yield.