Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, underscoring the critical need to optimize treatment strategies. Compared to conventional treatments such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, targeted therapy stands out for its higher selectivity and minimal adverse effects. Among these, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the most widely used in targeted therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In our paper, we will conduct a comprehensive review of current literature on EGFR TKIs to contribute to advancements in molecular genomics and the treatment of lung cancer.

Background: Primary pulmonary meningioma (PPM) is an uncommon tumor originating in the lung. Although predominantly benign, there are instances of aggressive tumors exhibiting malignant features. Due to their rarity, our understanding of PPMs is primarily gleaned from case reports or small case series. Methods: This report details the case of an 84-year-old female presenting with an incidental, well-circumscribed, enlarging nodule (1.4 × 1.3 × 0.9 cm) in the left upper lobe (LUL). Initial imaging found it to be highly suspicious of lung cancer. Results: Upon surgical resection, pathological analysis confirmed the tumor’s characteristics to be consistent with a benign PPM. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and there is no evidence of recurrence. Conclusions: Our report aims to contribute to the expanding body of knowledge concerning incidental PPMs by documenting our clinical encounter with this patient.