Background/Objectives: Endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients presents significant challenges due to anatomical and physiological complexities, making airway management crucial. Video laryngoscopy (VL) has emerged as a promising alternative to direct laryngoscopy (DL), offering improved and higher success rates. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of VL versus DL in critically ill adults. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library through August 2024 following PRISMA-2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials comparing VL and DL in critically ill adult patients were included. The RoB 2.0 tool assessed bias, and GRADE evaluated the certainty of evidence. The primary outcome was first-attempt success; secondary outcomes included intubation time, glottic visualization, and complications. Random effects models were used for data synthesis. Results: Fifteen studies (4582 intubations) were included. VL improved first-attempt success rates (RR 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04–1.21; I² = 87%). It also reduced esophageal intubation (RR 0.44; 95% CI: 0.26–0.75), dental injuries (RR 0.32; 95% CI: 0.16–0.67), and poor glottic visualization. No significant differences were found in hypoxemia, hypotension, or mortality. Conclusions: VL enhances intubation success and reduces specific complications, particularly in difficult airways. However, high heterogeneity and low certainty of evidence warrant further studies to clarify its impact on critical patient outcomes.

Incoercible or intractable pain is defined as pain that is refractory to pharmacological treatment to such an extent that opioid and analgesic adverse effects outweigh the therapeutic effects. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in the perception of pain, especially emotional pain, so it is logical that cingulotomy has an effective therapeutic effect. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of cingulotomy for the treatment of incoercible pain. An observational, longitudinal, retrospective, and analytical study was carried out on a series of cases in which bilateral cingulotomy was performed for incoercible pain, and follow-up was performed 6 months after neurosurgery in the outpatient clinic at the Neurotraumatology Clinic. A positive correlation was observed between pain intensity and medication use, indicating that an increase in pain was associated with a greater requirement for analgesics. The result was a significant reduction in pain, as measured by the visual analog scale of pain, and decreased drug use after cingulotomy. We concluded that cingulotomy reduces incoercible pain and the need for medication.

Background: Although trauma can adversely affect body esteem, the specific impact of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) remains underexplored among Mexican women. Objective: This study examined body esteem among trauma-exposed controls and women with either PTSD or CPTSD in a sample of female Mexican university students. Method: Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited 657 cisgender Mexican women (aged 18–66) who completed the Body Esteem Scale (BES), International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), and Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Participants were classified into three groups: trauma-exposed controls (n = 526), PTSD (n = 68), and CPTSD (n = 63). Results: Total BES scores differed significantly across groups. Participants with CPTSD reported lower overall body esteem (M = 99.48, SD = 21.32) compared to those with PTSD (M = 114.24, SD = 26.68) and controls (M = 119.38, SD = 24.93). Significant group differences also emerged in the Sexual & Physical Attractiveness and Physical Condition & Weight Concern subscales. Furthermore, the negative correlation between BES scores and trauma symptoms was more pronounced in the CPTSD group (rho = −0.40) than in the PTSD group (rho = −0.25). Conclusions: CPTSD is associated with significantly diminished body esteem in this population. These findings underscore the critical need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed interventions that address both the psychological and somatic dimensions of body image.

Introducción: El peso al nacer es un indicador crítico de salud neonatal asociado con la morbilidad y mortalidad infantil. Identificar los factores prenatales que lo determinan es esencial para optimizar el seguimiento gestacional. Objetivo: Identificar los factores prenatales asociados al peso al nacer en gestantes peruanas. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal basado en un análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) Perú 2024. Se incluyeron 6 812 gestantes con información disponible sobre el peso al nacer del neonato, reportado por la madre y analizado como variable continua. Se evaluaron factores prenatales tales como la inmunización materna, el tipo de profesional responsable del control prenatal, la planificación del embarazo, la percepción materna del crecimiento fetal, la realización de exámenes prenatales, la presencia de síntomas durante la gestación y los patrones de seguimiento prenatal. Dado que el peso al nacer mostró una distribución aproximadamente normal y que los supuestos de linealidad, homocedasticidad y normalidad de los residuos fueron razonablemente cumplidos, se estima ron asociaciones mediante un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Adicionalmente, se exploraron correlaciones bivariadas utilizando el coeficiente de Spearman y de punto-biserial como medidas no paramétricas complementarias. Si bien la ENDES emplea un diseño muestral complejo (estratificado por conglomerados con factores de expansión), en este análisis exploratorio se utilizaron datos no ponderados. Los análisis se realizaron en RStudio para macOS, considerando un nivel de significancia estadística de p < 0,05. Resultados: Los predictores asociados de manera significa tiva con el peso al nacer fueron: la realización del control pre natal por una enfermera (β = -49.63 g, p=0,02) y por un téc nico en enfermería (β = -104.12 g, p=0,01); el mes del primer control prenatal (β = 13.89 g, p=0,00); el número de visitas prenatales (β = 18.65 g por visita, p=0,00); el tamaño del ne onato clasificado como grande (β = 567.85 g, p=0,02), muy grande (β = 942.74 g, p=0,00) y muy pequeño (β = -715.54 g, p=0,00); así como la realización de un examen de sangre du rante el embarazo (β = 110.99 g, p=0,03). Conclusiones: El número de visitas prenatales y la detec ción temprana del crecimiento fetal son determinantes clave del peso al nacer. El control prenatal por profesionales espe cializados (médicos/obstetras) se asoció con mejores resulta dos neonatales.