Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among pregnant women living in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to assess associated risk factors. Methods: The study, which was a cross-sectional design, was conducted under the supervision of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, a tertiary care center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in May and June of 2021. The sample consisted of 200 pregnant women who completed an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic variables, obstetric information, pregnancy-related depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms, which were evaluated using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). Results: DASS-21 scores indicated the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 37.5%, 54.0%, and 25.0%, respectively. The PASS revealed that 29.5% of participants had minimal anxiety symptoms, 44.5% had mild-to-moderate anxiety symptoms, and 26.0% had severe anxiety symptoms. The three psychological health conditions were significantly associated with family/husband support, history of caesarean section, parity, and abortion. Conclusions: Pregnant women should be screened routinely for any psychological disturbances, and women who are at high risk for mental illness should receive proper psychological care. Pregnant women, their families, and members of society should receive health-related education in order to prevent prenatal psychological issues as much as possible.

Objectives: To assess the awareness about and attitude towards the complications of Cesarean section in the antenatal and postnatal period among women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2020 and September 2020, involving 507 women in the antenatal and postnatal period in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were obtained via online surveys. The questionnaire addressed the knowledge about short and long-term complications. Results: Most participants received a poor knowledge score for the awareness of Cesarean section complications (45.4%), and only 12.6% had good knowledge. Most participants were in the age group of 32-42 years. Most participants were university-educated and had an excellent socioeconomic status. A statistically significant relationship was detected between the age group and the participant's level of knowledge regarding Cesarean sections (P = 0.030) and between the level of knowledge and experiencing Cesarean delivery by maternal request (P = 0.029). Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnant women had poor awareness regarding the complications of Cesarean sections. Most participants had a negative attitude toward Cesarean deliveries and preferred vaginal delivery.

Iron deficiency is the most common etiology of anemia among pregnant women. Many studies showed that anemia during pregnancy had been associated with adverse outcomes such as intrauterine growth retardation, preterm delivery, and maternal mortality. However, screening for those pregnant remains controversial. To find the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes. Also, to find the cost-effectiveness of running complete blood count (CBC) tests among them. This is a retrospective record review done on pregnant women who delivered at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2018. They were screened for eligibility, with the exclusion of those with hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. Data were collected from their electronic medical records. A total of 5,120 pregnant women had delivered from January 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018, and 2,845 (55.6%) developed anemia during pregnancy. Out of 2,822, 2,301 were mild, 471 moderate, 50 severe, and 2,185 were normal. A total of 3,656 (71.4%) women were Saudis, and 1,464 (28.6%) were non-Saudis. The mean age was 29.85±6 years, and their first hemoglobin reading mean was 10.6±1.3g/dl. Out of 2,822, 546 developed undesired pregnancy outcomes. History of anemia, blood transfusion, intrauterine fetal demise, and stillbirth was significantly associated with abnormal hemoglobin levels (p<0.05). Complete blood count (CBC) testing for these pregnant women cost 422,990.92 US dollars. Although the cut-off point of diagnosing anemia level during pregnancy isn’t fully understood, pregnant women with mild to moderate levels appeared to have lesser adverse pregnancy outcomes in comparison to women with severe level. Therefore, screening during prenatal visits or antenatal for anemia should be tailored to each pregnant based on her condition and the overall clinical judgment.

Objective: To study the knowledge of Saudi women regarding contraceptive use. Methodology: In Al-Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia, 1107 Saudi women aged 18 to 45 years old participated in a cross-sectional descriptive study utilizing a closed-question survey. Data were compiled using SPSS v 21 software. Results: The participants in our study were 1107 females between the ages of 18 and 45. The majority of them were married, educated, and had used or were using oral contraceptives (OC) (50.2%), mostly for family planning (81.1%). Fear of OC side effects was stated by 39.9% of women who had never used it as a reason for not using it, and some women were unsure about consequences, such as mood changes (20.2%) and headaches (28%); 44.7% of women did not believe that they needed OC. Many women were ignorant of OC’s health and menstrual cycle benefits, with only 7.9% and 5.8% agreeing that it can help with premenstrual syndrome and acne problems, respectively. Majority of women said that they learned about contraception through doctors and friends/relatives, but 73.0% felt that the information available from health-care service was inadequate. Conclusion: The findings revealed that women in this region were lack awareness regarding contraceptive techniques, including OC, as well as its side effects and potential health hazards. It is necessary to strengthen family knowledge and how they can planning and contraception initiatives.

Background: Pregnancy induces hormonal, immunologic, and vascular changes that profoundly affect dermatologic health. This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of pregnancy on dermatological disorders in terms of disease incidence, severity, maternal-fetal outcomes, and optimal management strategies. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies evaluating pregnant women with dermatological disorders, pregnancy-related dermatoses, and pre-existing morbidities, were included. The collaboratively extracted data included patient demographics, disease severity, treatment approaches, and pregnancy outcomes. Results: A total of 8490 pregnant cases with dermatologic changes and conditions caused by pregnancy were studied. The dermatological conditions were divided into physiological changes, pregnancy-related exacerbation of pre-existing skin conditions, and pregnancy-specific dermatoses. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and pemphigoid gestationis were associated with increased rates of adverse fetal outcomes in patients with specific dermatoses, including increased preterm birth and fetal distress rates. The atopic eruption of pregnancy and polymorphic eruption of pregnancy were highly relevant, but their effect on fetal health was minimal. The efficacy and safety of treatment modalities, including corticosteroids, antihistamines, and ursodeoxycholic acid, were variable. Conclusions: Pregnancy drastically affects dermatological health, but the nature of the impact depends on the condition. Optimal maternal and fetal outcomes rely on early diagnosis and individualized management strategies. More randomized controlled trials are required to develop standardized diagnostic and treatment guidelines to enhance the quality of dermatologic care during pregnancy.

Background Group B Streptococcus is part of the normal flora of the female urogenital tract and rectum. Vaginal colonization and transmission of this bacteria during delivery can lead to neonatal life-threatening complications, which can be prevented by screening and the administration of intrapartum antibiotics. This study's aim was to assess the level of awareness of antenatal screening of Group B Streptococcus among women and physicians in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey from a previously published study was distributed among 767 participants in Jeddah from June to August 2020. The participants were family medicine or obstetrics and gynecology physicians and women of reproductive age. Results Our results revealed a good level of knowledge of the physicians, although almost half of them reported the need for training to correctly perform screenings. The level of the women's knowledge was relatively poor, their mean knowledge was 50.7%, and the majority were unaware of this infection (85.3%). Conclusions This study found a low level of knowledge of Group B Streptococcus among women of reproductive age and physicians in obstetrics and gynecology and family medicine. These findings confirm the importance of increasing the awareness of Group B Streptococcus among these populations to avoid complications associated with this infection.