Assessing the best set of maintenance guidelines for various types of failures is often a challenging and complex task. It requires understanding various factors such as safety aspects, environmental issues, energy savings, costs, budget constraints, system reliability, resource utilization, and more. Implementing the correct maintenance process is a critical step in production to increase reliability and improve the effectiveness and quality of the production system. Despite the significant importance of this issue, there are not many studies that analyse and develop procedures for selecting the optimal maintenance strategy. This paper presents the selection of the optimal maintenance strategy using multicriteria decision-making, specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for a case study involving a company in the automotive industry. The defined alternatives are the four most commonly used machine maintenance strategies in the industry: corrective, preventive, condition- based maintenance, and total productive maintenance. The decision criteria considered in the analysis are: production quality, reliability, costs, and safety, along with their respective sub-criteria.

Robots and 3D scanning systems are essential in modern industrial production, enhancing quality control, reducing costs, and improving production efficiency. Such systems align with Industry 4.0 trends, incorporating the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Cyber–Physical Systems, and Artificial Intelligence to drive innovation. This paper focuses on the physical adaptation of old or out-of-use articulated robot arms for new tasks such as manipulation with a handheld 3D scanner, with the goal of automated quality control. The adaptation was carried out using a methodology that features the application of several techniques such as 3D digitization (photogrammetry), reverse engineering and 3D modeling (SolidWorks), the CAD search engine (3Dfindit), and 3D printing (fused deposition modeling—FDM). Reconstructed 3D models were used to design connecting elements, such as gripper jaws. The final results show that it is possible to create a connecting element utilizing this approach with very little expenditure of resources and time.

Cellular manufacturing represents one of the important segments in the application of the concept of Lean production, which is realized through the development and application of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). FMS represent the basis for the production system to simultaneously achieve a high level of flexibility and productivity, that is, to be considered agile. However, due to their high production and technological capabilities, prices and investment costs, they require conditions that ensure their rational exploitation. Taking into account the increasingly complex conditions of production and placement of products, a systematic approach to the design and application of FMS is necessary, which will include the most important technological and economic characteristics. In this paper, on the example of the formed technological group of gears, the methodology of process planning and evaluation of the effects of cellular manufacturing is presented, as a basis for the rational development and techno-economic application of FMS.