Background and Objectives: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), derived from peripheral blood parameters, has emerged as a novel marker reflecting the balance between host immunity and tumor-related inflammatory burden. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of baseline SII on survival outcomes in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer undergoing perioperative FLOT (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 168 patients with histologically confirmed gastric or GEJ cancer who received perioperative FLOT therapy were included. SII was calculated using the formula: SII = (Platelets × Neutrophils)/Lymphocytes. ROC curve analysis determined the optimal SII cutoff for predicting mortality. Patients were categorized into low (SII ≤685) and high (SII >685) groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and compared via the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The optimal cutoff value for SII was determined to be 685 (AUC: 0.652, 95% CI: 0.558–0.747, p = 0.003). High SII was significantly shorter OS (17.4 vs. 28.2 months, p = 0.001) Multivariate analysis identified high SII (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.36–2.89, p = 0.039), advanced T stage (HR = 3.693, p < 0.001), poor treatment response (HR = 0.36, p < 0.001), and ECOG-PS ≥1 (HR = 3.297, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Elevated baseline SII is an independent predictor of worse OS and DFS in gastric and GEJ cancer patients receiving perioperative FLOT chemotherapy. SII may serve as a practical and inexpensive biomarker to support risk stratification and personalized treatment decisions.

Background and Objectives: CRC is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. New biomarkers are needed to identify the high-risk patient population after primary treatment and to personalize and perfect treatment and follow-up. Indicators of cancer-associated systemic inflammatory response, such as the LMR, have been widely investigated and have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of preoperative LMR on the prognosis of recurrent CRC. Materials and Methods: We included 204 patients admitted to our center for recurrent CRC between January 2010 and January 2015. Retrospectively, we investigated the preoperative LMR data and its effect on RFS and OS. Results: The cut-off value of LMR was 24.72 and, according to this value, we created two groups: LMR-H and LMR-L. There were 104 (50.9%) patients in the H group and 100 (49.1%) patients in the L group. The median OS was 38.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 30.66–45.33) for the L group and 49.0 months (95% CI: 44.06–53.94) for the H group. Overall population median OS was calculated as 44.0 months (95% CI: 40.1–47.8, p = 0.004). Median RFS was 21.3 months (95% CI: 18.3–24.2) for the LMR-L group and 28.39 months (95% CI: 24.9–31.8) for the LMR-H group (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The association between the LMR at diagnosis and early recurrence, as well as survival outcomes, was investigated in patients with recurrent CRC. Higher preoperative LMR levels were found to correlate with improved OS and RFS.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS), a composite index of inflammation and nutrition markers, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess its role in predicting survival across clinical subgroups. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 250 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 2018 and 2023. Patients were categorized into low (≤2) and high (>2) NPS groups based on the scoring system derived from neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR), serum albumin, and total cholesterol levels. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the discriminatory ability of NPS. Results: Patients with high NPS (>2) had significantly lower overall survival (median OS: 10.4 vs. 18.2 months, p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (median PFS: 7.3 vs. 12.5 months, p < 0.001) than those with low NPS. High NPS was found to be an independent prognostic factor in multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.42–2.76, p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.78 for NPS in predicting survival. Subgroup analyses demonstrated the consistent prognostic impact of high NPS across histological subtypes, TNM stages, smoking status, albumin levels, and age groups. Conclusions: NPS is an independent and practical prognostic tool in NSCLC. Its use may enhance risk stratification and support personalized treatment planning, particularly in advanced-stage patients.

Objectives: Sarcopenia, characterised by reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, is increasingly recognised as a prognostic marker in oncology. Its role in breast cancer and its variation across molecular subtypes remains unclear. This study examined the prognostic value of sarcopenia, defined by Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), and its association with overall survival (OS) among breast cancer subtypes. Methods: This retrospective study included 523 women diagnosed with breast cancer at Ege University between January 2014 and January 2015. Clinical, pathological and anthropometric data were collected. Sarcopenia was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with the TANITA SC-330 device to estimate appendicular muscle mass, and defined as SMI <5.5 kg/m². Survival outcomes were analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression models adjusted for age, tumour stage, molecular subtype and body mass index. Subgroup analyses were performed for luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. Results: The mean age was 57.6±13.0 years, and 9.7% were sarcopenic. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with reduced OS (HR: 1.789, p=0.025). While no significant effect was seen in luminal A or B subtypes, sarcopenia predicted markedly worse survival in HER2-positive patients (HR: 11.247, p=0.001) and TNBC patients. Recurrence rates were similar between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic individuals. Conclusion: Sarcopenia assessed by BIA is an independent predictor of poor survival in breast cancer, particularly in HER2-positive and TNBC subtypes. Incorporating muscle assessment into routine evaluation may help identify high-risk patients and guide supportive care.

Objective: CDK4/6 inhibitors constitute standard first-line therapy for hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We investigated real-world predictors of overall survival (OS), with particular focus on high ER expression (≥90%). Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective study, we analyzed 603 HR-positive/HER2-negative MBC patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors (ribociclib or palbociclib) between May 2020 and June 2024. We evaluated demographic, clinical, and pathological factors for their impact on OS using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results: In univariate analysis, significantly longer OS was observed in endocrine therapy-naive patients (median OS: 51.0 vs. 33.3 months; p < 0.001), those without liver metastases (50.0 vs. 34.0 months; p = 0.019), bone-only metastases (57.7 vs. 40.5 months; p = 0.022), and PR-positive patients (50.0 vs. 36.0 months; p = 0.037). Patients with ER expression ≥90% showed a strong trend toward longer OS (49.0 vs. 41.0 months; p = 0.072). In multivariate analysis, endocrine therapy naivety (p = 0.045) and high ER expression (≥90%) (p = 0.031) emerged as independent predictors of superior OS. Conclusions: Our study identifies treatment naivety and exceptionally high ER expression (≥90%) as key independent predictors of prolonged OS in CDK4/6 inhibitor-treated MBC patients. These findings underscore the importance of early CDK4/6 inhibitor implementation and suggest that quantitative ER assessment may refine patient selection beyond conventional positivity thresholds.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS), a composite index of inflammation and nutrition markers, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to assess its role in predicting survival across clinical subgroups. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 250 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 2018 and 2023. Patients were categorized into low (≤2) and high (>2) NPS groups based on the scoring system derived from neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), serum albumin, and total cholesterol levels. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the discriminatory ability of NPS. Results: Patients with high NPS (>2) had significantly lower overall survival (median OS: 10.4 vs. 18.2 months, p< 0.001) and progression-free survival (median PFS: 7.3 vs. 12.5 months, p< 0.001) than those with low NPS. High NPS was found to be an independent prognostic factor in multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.42–2.76, p< 0.001). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.78 for NPS in predicting survival. Subgroup analyses demonstrated the consistent prognostic impact of high NPS across histological subtypes, TNM stages, smoking status, albumin levels, and age groups. Conclusion: NPS is an independent and practical prognostic tool in NSCLC. Its use may enhance risk stratification and support personalized treatment planning, particularly in advanced-stage patients.