Background and Objectives: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), derived from peripheral blood parameters, has emerged as a novel marker reflecting the balance between host immunity and tumor-related inflammatory burden. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of baseline SII on survival outcomes in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer undergoing perioperative FLOT (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 168 patients with histologically confirmed gastric or GEJ cancer who received perioperative FLOT therapy were included. SII was calculated using the formula: SII = (Platelets × Neutrophils)/Lymphocytes. ROC curve analysis determined the optimal SII cutoff for predicting mortality. Patients were categorized into low (SII ≤685) and high (SII >685) groups. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and compared via the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The optimal cutoff value for SII was determined to be 685 (AUC: 0.652, 95% CI: 0.558–0.747, p = 0.003). High SII was significantly shorter OS (17.4 vs. 28.2 months, p = 0.001) Multivariate analysis identified high SII (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.36–2.89, p = 0.039), advanced T stage (HR = 3.693, p < 0.001), poor treatment response (HR = 0.36, p < 0.001), and ECOG-PS ≥1 (HR = 3.297, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Elevated baseline SII is an independent predictor of worse OS and DFS in gastric and GEJ cancer patients receiving perioperative FLOT chemotherapy. SII may serve as a practical and inexpensive biomarker to support risk stratification and personalized treatment decisions.

Background and Objectives: CRC is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. New biomarkers are needed to identify the high-risk patient population after primary treatment and to personalize and perfect treatment and follow-up. Indicators of cancer-associated systemic inflammatory response, such as the LMR, have been widely investigated and have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of preoperative LMR on the prognosis of recurrent CRC. Materials and Methods: We included 204 patients admitted to our center for recurrent CRC between January 2010 and January 2015. Retrospectively, we investigated the preoperative LMR data and its effect on RFS and OS. Results: The cut-off value of LMR was 24.72 and, according to this value, we created two groups: LMR-H and LMR-L. There were 104 (50.9%) patients in the H group and 100 (49.1%) patients in the L group. The median OS was 38.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 30.66–45.33) for the L group and 49.0 months (95% CI: 44.06–53.94) for the H group. Overall population median OS was calculated as 44.0 months (95% CI: 40.1–47.8, p = 0.004). Median RFS was 21.3 months (95% CI: 18.3–24.2) for the LMR-L group and 28.39 months (95% CI: 24.9–31.8) for the LMR-H group (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The association between the LMR at diagnosis and early recurrence, as well as survival outcomes, was investigated in patients with recurrent CRC. Higher preoperative LMR levels were found to correlate with improved OS and RFS.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS), a composite index of inflammation and nutrition markers, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess its role in predicting survival across clinical subgroups. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 250 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 2018 and 2023. Patients were categorized into low (≤2) and high (>2) NPS groups based on the scoring system derived from neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte–monocyte ratio (LMR), serum albumin, and total cholesterol levels. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the discriminatory ability of NPS. Results: Patients with high NPS (>2) had significantly lower overall survival (median OS: 10.4 vs. 18.2 months, p < 0.001) and progression-free survival (median PFS: 7.3 vs. 12.5 months, p < 0.001) than those with low NPS. High NPS was found to be an independent prognostic factor in multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.42–2.76, p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.78 for NPS in predicting survival. Subgroup analyses demonstrated the consistent prognostic impact of high NPS across histological subtypes, TNM stages, smoking status, albumin levels, and age groups. Conclusions: NPS is an independent and practical prognostic tool in NSCLC. Its use may enhance risk stratification and support personalized treatment planning, particularly in advanced-stage patients.

Background: Metastatic pancreatic cancer carries a poor prognosis, and reliable prognostic markers are needed to guide treatment decisions. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) grade are simple measures of inflammatory, nutritional, and hepatic status, but their prognostic value in metastatic pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CONUT and ALBI scores in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included 192 patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated at Adana City Education and Research Hospital between 1 May 2019, and 1 February 2025. Baseline CONUT scores and ALBI grades were calculated. All laboratory parameters, including those used for CONUT and ALBI calculation, were obtained prior to the initiation of any systemic therapy. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the independent prognostic value of both indices. Results: The median OS of the cohort was 14.0 months. Patients with high CONUT scores had significantly shorter OS compared to those with low–moderate scores (7.8 vs. 14.0 months, p < 0.001). Similarly, ALBI Grade 2 was associated with worse survival than ALBI Grade 1 (13.0 vs. 14.0 months, p = 0.049). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, high CONUT score (HR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2.27–10.98, p < 0.001) and ALBI Grade 2 (HR = 17.86, 95% CI: 9.63–31.04, p < 0.001) remained independent predictors of poor OS. Conclusions: The CONUT and ALBI scores are independent and clinically meaningful prognostic markers in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Their routine use may support risk-adapted, personalized treatment. These readily accessible biomarkers offer a simple and accessible tool to guide clinical decisions.

Background: Metastatic gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer are associated with a poor prognosis. Recent advancements in treatment have incorporated trastuzumab, anti-PD-1 agents, and anti-claudin therapies alongside chemotherapy (ChT), significantly improving outcomes. Contemporary studies predominantly employ doublet ChT as the backbone for these regimens, although historically triplet ChT regimens have been favored, particularly in younger patients requiring rapid tumor shrinkage. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of mFOLFOX-6 and mDCF regimens in the treatment of advanced GC and GEJ adenocarcinoma. Design: This was a retrospective multicenter study. Methods: Patient data were obtained from the databases of 25 hospitals across Turkey. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were documented. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and group discrepancies were assessed with log-rank test. Results: A total of 493 patients were included in the analysis, with similar baseline characteristics between the two groups. The objective response rate was 36.3% in the mDCF group and 38% in the mFOLFOX-6 group ( p = 0.7). The median PFS was 6 months for mDCF and 7 months for mFOLFOX-6 ( p = 0.2), while the median OS was 12 months for mDCF and 11 months for mFOLFOX-6 ( p = 0.4). Grade 3–4 neutropenia occurred in 27.6% of patients treated with mDCF versus 17.8% with mFOLFOX-6 ( p = 0.01). Likewise, grade 3–4 anemia was more frequent in the mDCF group (9.5%) compared to the mFOLFOX-6 group (4.8%; p = 0.04). Conclusion: Modified FOLFOX-6 demonstrated comparable efficacy to mDCF in the treatment of advanced GC and GEJ adenocarcinoma. Moreover, mFOLFOX-6 was associated with a lower incidence of hematological adverse effects.

Aim: Prostate cancer predominantly affects older men and generally has a favorable early-stage prognosis, yet the prognostic significance of nutritional and inflammatory status remains uncertain. This study evaluated the prognostic value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in elderly patients with localized prostate cancer. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 205 patients aged ≥65 years with early-stage prostate cancer treated between 2018 and 2024. Nutritional status was assessed at baseline using serum albumin, lymphocyte count, and body weight to calculate the PNI and GNRI. Overall survival was analyzed using standard survival analysis methods. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 26.0. Results: The median patient age was 72 years. Of all patients, 41% were 75 years or older. Survival analysis showed that patients with low PNI had a median OS of 78 months. Those with high PNI had a median OS of 115 months ( p = 0.008). Low GNRI was linked to a median survival of 74 months. High GNRI was linked to 120 months ( p = 0.009). Higher Gleason score (≥8), higher PSA (≥10 ng/mL), older age (≥75 years), and clinical T2 disease were associated with worse outcomes. By contrast, radiotherapy improved survival (122 vs. 94 months, p = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, low PNI, low GNRI, high Gleason score, and high PSA remained independent predictors. Conclusions: The PNI and GNRI serve as practical and accessible indicators of nutritional status and inflammation, thereby improving prognostic assessment and risk stratification in older patients with early-stage prostate cancer.