Recycling used battery packs for electric vehicles has important economic and ecological benefits. However, existing studies lack a systematic comparison of the different models. There is also a lack of exploration of symmetrical bilateral disassembly lines in comparison to other disassembly lines. Therefore, this paper takes the battery pack dismantling line of a company as the object of study. The disassembly line model is established by considering the number of workstations, disassembly time, disassembly costs, and disassembly risks. This study quantifies the risk of disassembly at each process into specific indicators for modeling. The solving algorithm adopts the improved Northern Goshawk Optimization Algorithm and the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm. A simulation demonstration was conducted using plant simulation to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the unilateral disassembly and symmetric bilateral disassembly line programs. The results show that the optimized unilateral and symmetric bilateral disassembly line schemes increase the efficiency by 23.08% and 38.46%, respectively, compared to the original program. The symmetric bilateral disassembly line scheme is the most efficient among the programs. The optimized schemes significantly improve the overall operational efficiency of the disassembly line. Programs to promote increased efficiency in battery recycling will contribute to environmental sustainability.