In high-pressure thermal power systems, corrosion-induced wall thinning in steam pipelines poses a significant threat to operational safety and efficiency. This study investigates the effects of gas–liquid two-phase flow on corrosion-induced wall thinning in pipe bends of high-pressure heaters in power plants, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms of void fraction and inner wall surface roughness. Research reveals that an increased void fraction significantly enhances flow turbulence and centrifugal effects, resulting in elevated pressure and Discrete Phase Model (DPM) concentration at the bend, thereby intensifying erosion phenomena. Simultaneously, the turbulence generated by bubble collapse at the bend promotes the accumulation and detachment of corrosion products, maintaining a cyclic process of erosion and corrosion that accelerates wall thinning. Furthermore, the increased surface roughness of the inner bend wall exacerbates the corrosion process. The rough surface alters local flow characteristics, leading to changes in pressure distribution and DPM concentration accumulation points, subsequently accelerating corrosion progression. Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses reveal changes in the chemical composition and microstructural characteristics of corrosion products. The results indicate that the porous structure of oxide films fails to effectively protect against corrosive media, while bubble impact forces damage the oxide films, exposing fresh metal surfaces and further accelerating the corrosion process. Comprehensive analysis demonstrates that the interaction between void fraction and surface roughness significantly intensifies wall thinning, particularly under conditions of high void fraction and high roughness, where pressure and DPM concentration at the bend may reach extreme values, further increasing corrosion risk. Therefore, optimization of void fraction and surface roughness, along with the application of corrosion-resistant materials and surface treatment technologies, should be considered in pipeline design and operation to mitigate corrosion risks.

This study employs first principles calculations and thermodynamic analyses to investigate the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on the Fe(110) surface. The results show that the adsorption energies of hydrogen at different sites on the iron surface are −1.98 eV (top site), −2.63 eV (bridge site), and −2.98 eV (hollow site), with the hollow site being the most stable adsorption position. Thermodynamic analysis further reveals that under operational conditions of 25 °C and 12 MPa, the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for hydrogen dissociation is −1.53 eV, indicating that the process is spontaneous under pipeline conditions. Moreover, as temperature and pressure increase, the spontaneity of the adsorption process improves, thus enhancing hydrogen transport efficiency in pipelines. These findings provide a theoretical basis for optimizing hydrogen transport technology in natural gas pipelines and offer scientific support for mitigating hydrogen embrittlement, improving pipeline material performance, and developing future hydrogen transportation strategies and safety measures.

Concrete used in high-risk infrastructures must withstand elevated temperatures and thermal shocks. This study investigated the thermal transfer behavior of explosion-proof concrete exposed to 100–400 °C through a combined experimental and numerical approach. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the dominant crystalline phases remained identifiable across this range, but peak broadening and intensity reduction indicated partial decomposition of hydration products and microstructural disorder. Thermal conductivity reached its maximum of 1.48 W/(m·K) at 100 °C and decreased at higher temperatures due to porosity growth and microcracking, reflecting detrimental alterations in heat conduction pathways. In contrast, the specific heat capacity increased from 963.89 J/(kg·K) at 100 °C to 1122.22 J/(kg·K) at 400 °C, enhancing the material’s heat absorption. Density initially decreased with temperature but showed a temporary rebound at 300 °C due to secondary hydration, before dropping sharply to 1830 kg/m³ at 400 °C. Numerical simulations confirmed that high temperatures reduce surface–core temperature gradients, leading to more uniform but structurally weakened heat transfer. These findings highlight that explosion-proof concrete retains acceptable thermal stability below 200 °C, while significant degradation occurs beyond 300 °C. The novelty of this work lies in integrating experimental thermophysical tests with finite element simulations to link microstructural changes with macroscopic thermal behavior. Practically, the results provide guidance for optimizing concrete formulations and protective strategies in fire- and explosion-prone facilities such as LNG storage units and petrochemical infrastructures.