Liquid metals (LMs), with their unique combination of high electrical conductivity and mechanical deformability, have emerged as promising materials for stretchable electronics and biointerfaces. However, the practical application of bulk LMs in wearable sensors has been hindered by processing challenges and low stability. To overcome these limitations, liquid metal particles (LMPs) encapsulated by native oxide shells have gained attention as versatile and stable fillers for stretchable and conductive composites. Recent advances have focused on the development of LM-based hybrid composites that combine LMPs with metal, carbon, or polymeric fillers. These systems offer enhanced electrical and mechanical properties and can form conductive networks without the need for additional sintering processes. They also impart composites with multiple functions such as self-healing, electromagnetic interference shielding, and recyclability. Hence, the present review summarizes the fabrication methods and functional properties of LM-based composites, with a particular focus on their applications in wearable sensing. In addition, recent developments in the use of LM composites for physical motion monitoring (e.g., strain and pressure sensing) and electrophysiological signal recording (e.g., EMG and ECG) are presented, and the key challenges and opportunities for next-generation wearable platforms are discussed.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effect of blast wave on the microstructure, intermetallic layers and hardness properties of Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu (SAC0307) lead-free solder. Soldered samples were exposed to the blast wave by using trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive. Microstructure and intermetallic layer thickness were identified using Alicona^® Infinite Focus Measurement software. Hardness properties of investigated solders were determined using a nanoindentation approach. It was found that microstructure and intermetallic layers changed under blast wave condition. Hardness properties of exposed solders decreased with increasing TNT explosive weight. Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the exposed solder to the blast wave provides fundamental understanding on how blast waves can affect the reliability of solder joint, especially for military applications.

A simple, low cost and rapid analytical method for determination of HCl concentration after being treated with cellulose and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) is developed. This method is based on color intensity after the HCl solution is doped with sodium iodide (NaI). The color of HCl solution changes from colorless to yellow. The intensity of the color is measured by UV – Visible spectroscopy. The UV-Visible spectra of 0.15 M HCl treated with cellulose and cellulose nanofibers is reduced from its initial concentration. The CNF absorption capacity is higher as compared to cellulose. FT-IR analysis showed that there is interaction between C-H group from the CNF backboned and chloride ion from HCl solution.