Hypericum perforatum L. (H.P.), a plant renowned for its wound-healing properties, was investigated for antioxidant/antimicrobial efficacy, toxicological safety, and in vivo wound-healing effects in this research to develop and characterize novel nanoemulsion hydrogel (NG) formulations. NG were prepared via emulsion diffusion–solvent evaporation and polymer hydration using Cremophor RH40 and Ultrez 21/30. A D-optimal design optimized oil/surfactant ratios, considering particle size, PDI, and drug loading. Antioxidant activity was tested via DPPH, ABTS⁺, and FRAP. Toxicological assessment followed HET-CAM (ICH-endorsed) and ICCVAM guidelines. The optimized NG-2 (NE-HPM-10 + U30 0.5%) demonstrated stable and pseudoplastic flow, with a particle size of 174.8 nm, PDI of 0.274, zeta potential of −23.3 mV, and 99.83% drug loading. Release followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. H.P. macerates/NEs showed potent antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀: 28.4 µg/mL; FRAP: 1.8 mmol, Fe²⁺/g: 0.3703 ± 0.041 mM TE/g). Antimicrobial effects against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC: 12.5 µg/mL) and E. coli (MIC: 25 µg/mL) were significant. Stability studies showed no degradation. HET-CAM tests confirmed biocompatibility. Histopathology revealed accelerated re-epithelialization/collagen synthesis, with upregulated TGF-β1. The NG-2 formulation demonstrated robust antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing efficacy. Enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility highlight its therapeutic potential. Clinical/pathological evaluations validated tissue regeneration without adverse effects, positioning H.P.-based nanoemulsions as promising for advanced wound care.

There are serious research projects to prevent the bacteria to antibiotics. Thus, scientists are looking for new antibiotic derivatives using plants. Einkorn wheat seeds (Triticum monococcum), Chestnut seed (Castanea sativa) and Begonia leaves were used for antibacterial tests on bacterial strain. The study of antibacterial effects of Einkorn wheat seed and begonia leaves has not been seen in the literature. The antimicrobial effects of these plant leaves and seeds were investigated in Muller-Hilton media at 37 Co for 48 hours. After incubation, all plates were observed for zones of growth inhibition. The parameters of these zones were measured in millimeters. All tests were performed under sterile conditions and repeated three times. It was observed that the wheat and chestnut seeds had no antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. However, they have been found to have a significant antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli bacteria. Furthermore, antimicrobial effects of Begonia maculata leaves against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeroginosa bacteria were investigated. E. coli bacteria were affected by the leaves more than the other bacteria. K. pneumoniae bacteria were affected less while P. aeruginosa bacteria were affected the least.

Camellia sinensis, which is widely used as a beverage in our country and in the world, has various beneficial effects on human health due to its various components. Farmers use chemical fertilizers to get more products. However, the use of more chemical manure may cause some problems in terms of environmental pollution and human health. Due to the lack of some nutritious minerals in the soil, various manure ingredients are used for better cultivation and growth. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of use of manurate on tea plant on 5 different soils in Rize, the concentrations of 18 elements in the leaves were analyzed using the ICP-MS device. When manure was used in tea, the concentration of Li, Mg, K, Al, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Pb elements increased and Na, Co, Ni, Hg values decreased.

This study investigates similarities and gene interactions in 17 different cancer types using Kyoto University's KEGG cancer pathways. Using Python software and the Google Colab platform, gene similarities and interactions within cancer pathways were calculated through Jaccard similarity indices and interaction analyses. The results reveal important genes and pathways shared between cancer types, providing insights into common molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and progression. These findings may contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets by understanding the biological processes shared between cancers. In comparisons between different cancer types, gene similarities ranged between 43% and 47% and pathway similarities ranged between 25% and 46%. These results reveal that while some cancer types are genetically similar, they show differences in biochemical processes. In the gene interaction study among 17 different cancer pathways, the highest interaction rates were observed in colorectal cancer between entries ‘43-40’ with ('activation'), in pancreatic cancer between entries ‘113- 6’ with ('activation'), and in hepatocellular carcinoma between entries ‘122-224’ with ('activation'), showing nearly 100% interaction. On the other hand, the lowest interaction rates were found in colorectal cancer between entries ‘39-135’ with ('missing interaction') and in melanoma between entries ‘95-106’ with ('missing interaction'), showing 0% interaction.

Background: Gum Arabic (GA) is a natural polysaccharide widely recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its functional behavior as a biopolymeric gel and the mechanisms underlying its selective effects on cancer-related redox microenvironments remain insufficiently characterized. It is imperative to note that the interaction between its physicochemical properties and its biological activity in colorectal cancer remains to be fully clarified. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the antineoplastic potential of GA in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HT-29 and HCT-116) compared to normal fibroblasts (MRC-5) using the MTS assay. Oxidative stress-related molecular responses were assessed by quantitative PCR analysis of GPX4, GSTA2, CAT, NFKB, and SOD1 expression. In parallel, extracellular concentrations of key metal ions (Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Al³⁺) were quantified following GA exposure. To establish its functional gel characteristics, rheological measurements were performed to assess viscosity and shear-dependent behavior, and USP-compliant in vitro kinetic studies were conducted to evaluate time-dependent release properties. Results: GA induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HT-29 and HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells, while MRC-5 fibroblasts exhibited comparatively higher viability across the tested concentration range, indicating reduced sensitivity in normal cells. Rheological analysis revealed concentration- and ion-dependent viscoelastic behavior, identifying a 10% (w/w) GA formulation as optimal due to its balanced low-shear viscosity and controlled shear-thinning properties. Kinetic studies demonstrated a defined, diffusion-governed release profile under physiologically relevant conditions. At the molecular level, significant upregulation of GPX4 and GSTA2 was observed in both cancer cell lines, whereas NFKB expression increased selectively in HT-29 cells, with no notable changes in CAT or SOD1 expression. Additionally, GA treatment resulted in marked increases in Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Mn²⁺ levels, indicating modulation of the redox–ionic microenvironment. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that GA functions as a natural, ion-responsive biopolymeric system with defined rheological and kinetic properties, capable of selectively targeting colorectal cancer cells through coordinated genetic and ionic regulation of oxidative stress. Collectively, the results position GA as a promising functional gel-based platform for future redox-modulated therapeutic strategies in colorectal cancer.

This study investigated the effects of lyophilized mare milk, human milk, and cow colostrum on both human lung cancer cell lines, called A549, and healthy lung cell lines, called MRC5. Mare milk, human milk, and cow colostrum varieties were applied to 6 replicates in both cell lines with lyophilized milk concentrations ranging from 50-3,200 ppm. The cell viability was monitored by optic microscopy and determined by the MTT test. ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range tests were used to analyze data. The results of this study indicated that the most effective milk type on reducing the A549 lung cancer cell line was human milk, followed by mare milk; however, cow colostrum showed little effect. It was observed that human milk and mare milk had anti-proliferative effects on lung cancer cell line at concentrations which were non-toxic to healthy lung cell line.