Background: Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in muscle mass and function, poses significant health risks. While AI tools like ChatGPT-4 (ChatGPT-4o) are increasingly used in healthcare, their accuracy in addressing sarcopenia remains unclear. Methods: ChatGPT-4’s responses to 20 frequently asked sarcopenia-related questions were evaluated by 34 experts using a four-criterion scale (relevance, accuracy, clarity, Ccmpleteness). Responses were rated from 1 (low) to 5 (high), and interrater reliability was assessed via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: ChatGPT-4 received consistently high median scores (5.0), with ≥90% of evaluators rating responses ≥4. Relevance had the highest mean score (4.7 ± 0.5), followed by accuracy (4.6 ± 0.6), clarity (4.6 ± 0.6), and completeness (4.6 ± 0.7). ICC analysis showed poor agreement (0.416), with Completeness displaying moderate agreement (0.569). Conclusions: ChatGPT-4 provides highly relevant and structured responses but with variability in accuracy and clarity. While it shows potential for patient education, expert oversight remains essential to ensure clinical validity. Future studies should explore patient-specific data integration and AI comparisons to refine its role in sarcopenia management.

Tuna S, et al. J Korean Med Sci. 2016 May;31(5):790-794. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2016.31.5.790

Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic syndrome commonly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue. Current evidence suggests that FMS diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and patient-reported symptoms. MicroRNAs, which serve as key regulators of gene expression, have been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of FMS and other chronic pain syndromes. In this pilot study, miRNA-223-3p expression levels were examined in patients with FMS, and their relationship with pain intensity—assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)was evaluated. To obtain a broader understanding of the inflammatory response, serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels were also measured. miRNA-223-3p expression levels were significantly reduced in the FMS group compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05), whereas IL-1β levels did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.1135). The negative correlation between miRNA-223-3p and VAS scores indicates that lower miRNA levels are associated with increased pain severity. Overall, these results suggest that reduced miRNA-223-3p expression levels may be linked to neuroimmune processes and heightened pain perception in FMS. The findings provide valuable preliminary insights that may guide future studies with larger sample sizes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate retinal and choroidal microvascular changes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) treated with long-term anti-TNF therapy and NSAIDs and in healthy control subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCT-A). Methods: A total of 162 eyes from 81 participants were included: 52 eyes from 26 axSpA patients treated with anti-TNF therapy (≥5 years), 44 eyes from 22 axSpA patients treated with NSAIDs, and 66 eyes from 33 healthy control subjects. SS-OCT-A imaging was used to assess retinal thickness, ganglion cell layer thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and the vessel densities of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC). Disease activity was assessed with ASDAS-CRP. Results: Both axSpA subgroups showed a significant expansion of the foveal avascular zone and reduced SCP and DCP densities compared to the controls. The CC vessel density was higher in axSpA patients than in healthy subjects. The anti-TNF group had a lower CC vascular density than the NSAIDs group. The disease duration correlated with a decreased central DCP density and increased paracentral SCP and CC densities. Conclusions: SS-OCT-A revealed subclinical retinal and choroidal changes in axSpA patients, highlighting the impact of chronic inflammation on the retinal vasculature. While anti-TNF therapy effectively controls systemic inflammation, it cannot completely prevent microvascular changes. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical relevance of these results.

Joint Diseases and Related Surgery (JDRS), the official journal of the Turkish Joint Diseases Foundation, is an international, peer-reviewed, immediate open access journal. All published articles in JDRS has been free for everyone, without embargo, since 1990.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association between femoral cartilage thickness (FCT) and knee osteoarthritis (KO) in individuals with sarcopenia and pre‐sarcopenia, highlighting the potential role of FCT in the relationship between sarcopenia and KO.Study Design: A cross‐sectional study including 80 individuals (23 pre‐sarcopenia, 21 sarcopenia, and 36 healthy controls) aged 40–75 years was conducted. Using ultrasound (US), FCT was measured, and KO prevalence was compared among the three groups. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of KO and sarcopenia, and ROC analysis was conducted to estimate sarcopenia from FCT measurements.Results: The mean age of the 80 participants (55 females, 25 males) was 62.22 ± 7.56 years. The sarcopenia group had significantly lower medial and lateral FCT than the control group (all p < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age and sarcopenia were significant predictors of KO (all p < 0.01). Multinomial logistic regression showed that KO and medial FCT were significant predictors of sarcopenia (all p < 0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated that medial FCT effectively predicted sarcopenia (p = 0.001, AUC = 0.736).Conclusions: The results of this study showed that FCT was reduced, and KO prevalence was increased in sarcopenia patients. Additionally, age and sarcopenia were predictors for KO, while KO and decreased medial FCT were predictors of sarcopenia. These findings suggest that sarcopenia may influence FCT through mechanical effects related to muscle strength loss and potentially other mechanisms, making it a potential risk factor for KO.