Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer known to have various adverse effects on humans and animals. Exposure of farm animals to BPA negatively impacts their health and poses a threat to humans who consume products of animal origin. Despite the importance of studying the exposure of farm animals to BPA, the knowledge in this area is quite limited. To date, the assessment of BPA levels in dairy cows using analysis of hair samples has not been performed. The study utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze hair samples collected from 48 dairy cows in the following regions of Kyrgyzstan: Sokuluk, Alamedin and Ysyk Ata. BPA levels above the limit of detection (LOD = 4.8 pg/mg) were noted in 18.8% of analyzed samples. BPA levels in individual samples ranged from below LOD to 89.1 pg/mg with a median value of 9.3 ± 19.7 pg/mg. The study indicates that dairy cows are exposed to BPA, and hair samples can be used for BPA biomonitoring in farm animals. The present study is the first investigation of BPA levels in cows’ hair, which is one of the best matrices to study long-term exposure of living organisms to environmental pollutants. Additionally, this study is the first to analyze BPA in biological samples from Kyrgyzstan.

On a farm in the Kyrgyz Republic, several dead sheep were found without any history of illness. The sheep showed several ulcerations on lips and bare-skinned areas. At necropsy the lungs showed multiple firm nodules, which were defined as pox nodules histologically. In the rumen hyperkeratotic plaques were visible. With electron microscopy pox viral particles were detected and confirmed with q PCR as Capripoxviruses. Although all members of the Capripoxvirus genus are eradicated in western countries, this study should remind us of the classical lesions observed in poxvirus infections.

This article aims to introduce the international scientific society with the history of formation, development, and enhancement of the Veterinary System in the Kyrgyz Republic from 1889 till present times. The research analyses the periods of veterinary medicine formation in the Kyrgyz Republic and mainly focuses on the three-time periods: under the Russian Empire, during the USSR, and independent Kyrgyzstan. In this article, the development and changes of the veterinary system were influenced by not only the USSR time but also by the membership of the Kyrgyz Republic in different international unions and organizations. The research shows that Kyrgyz veterinary medicine has placed the knowledge of the civilizations at the heart of its improvement and has gained equivalence in the veterinary system with other Eurasian Economic Union countries.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the live weight development phases from hatchling to adolescent bird of Japanese quails bred in Kyrgyzstan, and to determine the age-related changes in body measurements. Adolescent birds were found to have a body length (distance between first vertebra thoracalis to end of sacrum) coefficient of 3.0, a sternum front to rear end length coefficient of 3.3, a tibia length of 2.34, and a pelvic width (distance between right and left acetabulum) coefficient of 1.58. This indicates good development of the quails' pectoral muscles and relative underdevelopment of their leg muscles. The main development phases were found to be between day 1 and 14 and again between day 35 and 42. During these phases, Japanese quails are very sensitive to external influences and require particular attention in their care. Based on findings and variation coefficients it was established that development is lowest during the first 7 days (10.21%-8.78%) and highest after day 7 up to day 49 (10.47%-25.06%) with growth returning to lower rates in the following phase. Quail chicks reach adolescence after 45 to 56 days with their body weight attaining 75% of the weight of full grown birds. This study was carried out in 2008 in the laboratory of the Department of Anatomy and Physiology of the Veterinary Faculty of the State University of Kyrgyzstan.

The Kyrgyz people have a rich centuries-old cultural heritage. For many centuries, they have led a nomadic lifestyle, and even today, in rural areas, people who are engaged in livestock breeding lead a seminomadic lifestyle. Like other ethnic groups, the Kyrgyz people widely use plant-based, animal-derived and mineral-derived natural products, and engage in various religious rituals. These ethnoveterinary medicines are generally associated with folk skills, beliefs, knowledge, practices, and methods related to animal health in the ethnic group areas. The use of plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use in the folk cure and prevention of livestock ailments on the part of the nomadic Kyrgyz people is very important. Most of the tools and methods used by the Kyrgyz people in the prevention of animal diseases are not scientifically substantiated, and to this day are of more ethnographic interest than scientific evidence. The purpose of this research is to study the traditional knowledge and methods used by the Kyrgyz people in the prevention of animal diseases. According to the purpose of the present research, which was conducted in the archives of research institutions, scientific libraries and based on field surveys with herders and veterinarians in Issyk-Kul and Naryn oblasts. As a result of the research, the following information was collected: implementation of measures to ensure general "sanitary and epidemiological" cleanliness of animal shelters; rituals dedicated to "patrons" of pastures and "pir (protectors)" of animals; measures to protect livestock from snakes, insects, and other parasites; prevention measures of seasonal hazards; measures are taken to protect the health of pregnant, young, and lactating animals; use of sanitary and hygienic methods, minerals, and medicinal plants in the prevention of animal diseases; measures for the prevention of non-infectious, contagious and parasitic diseases of animals. Кыргыз эли көптөгөн кылымдарды карыткан бай маданий мураска ээ этнос. Көптөгөн кылымдар бою алар көчмөн мүнөздүү турмуш-тиричилик кечирип жашап келишкен. Бүгүнкү күндөрдө дагы айыл жергелериндеги мал чарбасы менен алектенген калк жарым-жартылай көчмөн турмушта жашап келишет. Этноветеринардык медицинадагы билимдер, усулдар жана практикалар кыргыз элинин көчмөн цивилизациясынын татаал жана дээрлик изилденбеген бөлүгү болуп келет. Башка этникалык тайпалар сыяктуу эле, кыргыз эли дагы өсүмдүк, айбан жана минерал табияттуу өндүрүмдөрдү мал дарыгерликте кеңири пайдаланышып, ар кандай ритуалдарды дагы колдонуп келишкен. Мындай этноветеринардык дары каражаттары негизинен элдик ыкмалар, ишенимдер, билимдер, практикалар жана усулдар менен тыгыз байланышкан. Салттуу билимдерге, ыкмаларга жана усулдарга таянган дары каражаттарын малдын ылаңдарын алдын алууда, малдын дарттарын дарылоодо колдонуу көчмөн кыргыз эли үчүн абдан маанилүү болгон. Кыргыз элинин мал ылаңдарын алдын алуудагы колдонгон каражаттарынын жана ыкмаларынын көпчүлүгү илимий негиздөөгө алынган эмес, ошондуктан бүгүнкү күнгө дейре илимий-врачтык далилдөөгө караганда этнографиялык кызыгууну жаратып келет. Бул макаланын максаты – кыргыз элинин малдын ылаңдарын алдын алууда колдонулган салттуу билимдерин жана ыкмаларын изилдөө болуп саналат. Изилдөөлөрдүн максатына ылайык илим-изилдөө мекемелеринин архивдеринде, илимий китепканаларда иликтөө иштери, Ысык-Көл жана Нарын областарында байкоолор, малчылар жана ветеринардык адистер менен жеке сурамжылоолорго негизделген талаа изилдөөлөрү жүргүзүлдү. Изилдөөлөрдүн жыйынтыгында төмөндөгүдөй маалыматтар алынды: мал баш калкалоочу жайлардын жалпы «санитардык-эпидемиологиялык» тазалыгын камсыздоо иш-чараларынын аткарылышы; жайыттын-конуштун «колдоочуларына» жана малдын «пирлерине» арналган ырым-жырымдар; малды жыландардан, курт-кумурскалардан жана башка мителерден коргоо иш-чаралары; жыл мезгилдерине тиешелүү коркунучтарды алдын алуу иш-чаралары; бооз малды, жаш төлдү жана төлүн эмизген малдын ден-соолугун сактоого карата жүргүзүлгөн иш-чаралар; мал ылаңдарын алдын алууда санитардык-гигиеналык ыкмаларды, минералдарды жана дары...