C-phycocyanin (CPC), a bioactive compound derived from Spirulina, has been described as a molecule with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has also been demonstrated that sustainably obtained CPC effectively inhibited body mass gain, regulated serum leptin and resistin levels, and prevented the onset of a pro-inflammatory state in Swiss mice fed a hyperlipidic diet. These results highlighted the anti-obesogenic potential of CPC. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been identified as a promising target in the treatment of obesity, playing a role in energy expenditure. In this study, Swiss mice fed a high-fat diet were supplemented with 500 mg/kg body weight of CPC daily for 12 and 16 weeks. BAT was collected, and Western blot and ELISA were performed. A reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as a decrease in leptin levels was observed in the tissue, which was also associated with a reduction in BAT relative weight to body mass. Furthermore, CPC administration was able to modulate uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) levels, which is crucial in the thermogenesis process. Therefore, this study demonstrated that supplementation with CPC reduces inflammatory cytokines associated with detrimental effects in the BAT, emerging as a tool in combating obesity and improving BAT function.

Introduction: Renal malacoplakia is a rare chronic granulomatous disease, often associated with immunosuppression and persistent Gram-negative infections, particularly Escherichia coli. Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 31-year-old woman with hypertension, gestational diabetes, and prior uterine curettage after labor induction for preeclampsia at 23 weeks. She developed urinary sepsis post-procedure. Imaging revealed bilateral nephromegaly, while laboratory tests showed acute kidney injury (KDIGO stage III), anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Blood and urine cultures grew Escherichia coli. Renal biopsy confirmed malacoplakia, demonstrating PAS-positive Michaelis–Gutmann bodies and Von Hansemann cells. The patient responded to prolonged antibiotic therapy and supportive care. Discussion and Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of considering renal malacoplakia in patients with atypical urinary tract infections and nephromegaly, particularly in obstetric settings. Histopathological confirmation is essential, and timely treatment with intracellularly active antibiotics can lead to favorable outcomes. Early diagnosis is critical to prevent irreversible renal damage.